Mudzidzisi Education muna Kyrgyzstan

Chii vanofanira dzidzo mudzidzisi nhasi? In mirayiridzo tinofanira kukudziridza dzidzo mudzidzisi muzana remakore rechi21? On mibvunzo iyi nemimwe tine kupindura zvakajeka kana tiri kwenguva kuvaka kwakarurama paradigm hwemazuva pedagogical dzidzo Kyrgyzstan.

Modern pedagogical dzidzo multidimensional chakajairika kuti zvinosanganisira chikoro pamwero (chinoumba makirasi pamwe pedagogical kutsvetera), yechipiri mudzidzisi dzidzo, yepamusoro mudzidzisi dzidzo, mudzidzisi kudzidzisa, dhigirii uye doctorate zvidzidzo.

In nyaya yedu, tichakurukura chimwe mudzidzisi dzidzo zvinoriumba: kureva, dzidzo yepamusoro mudzidzisi kudzidzisa zvikoro zvepuraimari uye yechipiri.

In Kyrgyzstan, tsika mudzidzisi dzidzo mubasa mudzidzisi kudzidzisa mumakoreji, mudzidzisi kudzidzisa zvikoro uye mumayunivhesiti.

In mudzidzisi kudzidzisa mumakoreji, mudzidzisi kudzidzisa mumakoreji uye ikozvino ainyanya kunze chokudzidzisa vadzidzisi muzvikoro zvepuraimari, mune mumakoreji uye mumayunivhesiti, sezvo mutemo, vadzidzisi muzvikoro zvepuraimari uye yechipiri. Tiine 80-ies ose XX remakore, mune dzimwe kumayunivhesiti, dzakadai KSU ainzi Arabaev, Issyk-Kul State University, Osh State University nemamwe Regional mumayunivhesiti ndashama mapazi kana mano kuti pedagogy uye maitiro chepuraimari dzidzo, iyo inodzidzisa vadzidzisi muzvikoro zvepuraimari.

Specialized yepamusoro dzidzo sangano vachingoshandisa nezvezvandaifanira kudzidzisa vadzidzisi, nhasi Kyrgyzstan haisi. Pamutemo, musoro tsika kuti dzidzo mudzidzisi, kubudikidza inertia, aimbova Pedagogical University ainzi Ishenaaly Arabaev, zvino kunzi Kyrgyz State University. Kunyange zvazvo paine vakadzidziswa dzimwe unyanzvi uye nzvimbo isina chokuita nedzidzo mudzidzisi.

Kare, vaiva vadzidzisi mashoma dzakakwirira masangano edzidzo (Przewalski State Pedagogical Institute, Osh State Pedagogical Institute, Women wacho Pedagogical Institute, PIRYAL), akagadzirwa vadzidzisi chete. In mudzidzisi kurovedza zvokuvhoterwa makaita rakakura Kudya zhinji uye mumayunivhesiti yeRussian Federation (Orenburg, Kursk, Michurinsky, Moscow Pedagogical Institute of Moscow State University ainzi pashure MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Voronezh State University, Leningrad State University, uye vamwe). Muchidimbu, hurumende akateerera zvikuru kudzidziswa vadzidzisi kuti dzidzo hurongwa. Mumakore iwayo, pakaitwa mudzidzisi rokushaya haana. Inenge zana muzana zvikoro reRepublic akanga vashandi nevadzidzisi. Uyezve, zvakanga zvakaoma kuwana basa pachikoro, nekuti kwakanga kusina vabate nzvimbo evadzidzisi mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Hongu, uye basa somudzidzisi kwaiva repamusoro - kugadzikana muhoro (haidereri kupfuura avhareji mubayiro munyika), kubatsira magetsi, nokuti utilities, basa iripo, siyana zvokunyama uye kunotsigira.

Munguva Soviet yebudiriro mudzidzisi dzidzo neHurumende, akabhadhara yakawanda achiteerera. Pakaparara Soviet Union pasi kumanikidzwa mumusika uye pamusika ukama mudzidzisi dzidzo hwachinja. Nhasi muna Kyrgyzstan hapana kushandiswa pedagogical yepamusoro dzidzo sangano. Kana waidzidzisa mumakoreji kana kuyunivhesiti kuva reshaped kune dzimwe nomukurumbira unyanzvi. Kuva mudzidzisi akanga asiri nomukurumbira. Mudzidzisi akatanga sechinhu mushandi, ichipa kubhadharwa zvedzidzo mabasa. basa rake awana pamusika ukoshi. Ichienzaniswa nedzimwe ounyanzvi hwokugadzira. In nyaya mudzidzisi yakaderera chaizvo. Maererano AJ Danelyuk "Mudzidzisi kazhinji mutakuri mudanga, dzinogara yose kwemakore uye emakore ruzivo, rinongotaura kukura kwebasa rimwe soumambo. Chokwadi kuti anoziva uye anogona kuita, anoziva uye anogona kuita mudzidzi wake. Kukosha pasi vadzidzisi yadzikira yekudyidzana mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, munguva mashoko, nauchnotehnologicheskoy chimurenga, kufambira uye pakukura kwenzanga kwakavakirwa pazivo upfumi. Zivo vakarasika kuzvikoshesa uye kuva nzira akaramba achiudza rakasikwa kuwedzera michina mitsva. Izvi zvinhu mudzidzisi dzidzo gadziriro socio-zvoupfumi anoramba kugadzirira pasi vadzidzisi, achitsigirwa dzekare ruzivo, iro rave mumaoko vana kuchikoro kare, uye muzana remakore pamberi wokupedzisira. Chokwadi, nokuziva mutemo Archimedes, mitemo mutauro wokuRussia uye nhetembo pakati AS Pushkin vana vanoda. Asi kana ari mudzidzisi anokwanisa wokushandura chete ngadzirambe dziri tsika bhuku mashoko, chokutanga, magariro ake mamiriro anoita haapfuuri mamiriro zvimwe munhu - mutakuri zvakafanana ruzivo, uye chepiri ake nyanzvi basa iri kuva ruzivo rwokugadzira vakaritsiva - pedagogizirovannye ano ruzivo rwokugadzira kombiyuta vanobvumira munhu wokudzidza nyore yakawanda yaidiwa mashoko pasina vanozoshanda "[Danyluk Ay Misimboti mazuvaano pakati pedagogical dzidzo // Pedagogy, nhamba 5, 2010. - p. 39]. Asi kwemazana emakore mudzidzisi ainyanya chipangamazano yomudzimu, tsika wenhumbi, murume chimiro kukuru. Zvinonyadza kuti mudzidzisi anova mamiriro mushandi mamiriro ebasa bhora; zvokunamata, chikamu chedzidzo yokukurukurirana nevana panobviswa.

Vechiduku, isingawanzopotswi kunze, haana kuda kuenda kuchikoro. Kuchikoro, vanoshanda kazhinji vadzidzisi vakanga vakadzidza muSoviet nguva, uye inflow vaduku vadzidzisi muzvikoro yechipiri yava vasingakoshi.

Munguva pfupi, maererano nhoroondo mitemo nedzidzo mudzidzisi panguva dzakaparara akafanana kunze kuti vane "rechipfumbamwe mugodhi", Kuparadzwa nenzira kwayo zvose. Chii zvishoma vakasara rokuchengeta ichi anonzi "perestroika" nepaburi akabatirira. Kirasi duku vanhu vakanga vasara kubva rapfuura gadziriro, ari kutamburira varambe chinhu kuti richiri vasara ukoshi.

Hwakare dzidzo mudzidzisi, pasinei dzimwe mari, achiri mukuzadzikisa basa rayo uye anoita zvakanaka. To musi, tine chakasakara hurongwa dzidzo mudzidzisi, kudzorerwa iyo achasiya yakawanda manpower uye zvinhu zvedu. Asi, zvakadaro, tinofanira kusimuka, kwete kuti ari mumucheto yebudiriro. Kuenda mberi, tinofanira kusarudza divi kuenda dzidzo mudzidzisi, kunyanya chokudzidzisa vadzidzisi zvikoro yechipiri.

Chimwe chinhu ndechokuti pachena, kuti pasi pokudzora yebudiriro kurongedza zviri dzidzo mudzidzisi yachinja. postulates idzodzo dzinokosha kuti mudzidzisi ndiye mutakuri tsika, kuti chipangamazano chizvarwa chevechiduku, mudzidzisi yomudzimu, akanga, uye vachava. mubvunzo nematambudziko matsva pamusoro kuva chii uye mudzidzisi anofanira kudzidziswa kuti ano? mhando ipi itsva pedagogical basa, anofanira ishe? Sei nyanzvi hana mudzidzisi ano? Chimwe chinhu tinoziva kuti mudzidzisi hakusi kure ikozvino "homeroom" iri truest pfungwa shoko. Age mashoko uye yekufambisa Kuwedzera pakudzidzisa nyaya dzavo vanofanira kuumba mafungiro, magariro nyika, ukama vana kuupenyu. Vadzidzisi zvino zvinogona anoonekwa somunhu nenyanzvi yakadzidziswa nyanzvi mune pedagogy ukama munzanga. Tisingatauri unhu hwakadai mukuru kurovedza nenyanzvi, mufambo, kugona kushanda muchikwata zvinogutsa vataure zvavanofunga.

A nzvimbo kukuru zvakadini mukudzidzira ruzivo uye yekufambisa yavo nyanzvi mabasa. Nhasi, mashoko uye yekufambisa vava chinokosha yekosi dzidzo uye basa nenyanzvi.

Research inoitiswa Center kuti yekosi Education of Kyrgyz Academy of Education nyaya achasarudza kuti mamiriro mitemo dzidzo pakudzidzisa nharaunda regai kupa chokudzidzisa vadzidzisi ano dzidzo mugumisiro vaifarira. Nezvokumutswa iyo tsvimbo Centre chirongwa pamusoro CRP itsva rakagadzirirwa nokuondomoka pedagogical wezwi kunobva kugona.

Chinetso kugona, kugona akasimuka ichangopfuura, uye ndiyo migumisiro changing socio-ezvoupfumi. Ruzivo rwakawanikwa mukurovedza akakurumidza kuva usashanda uye kugona nadpredmetny, ivo vakaumba kana awana mukufamba siyana zvokuita kudzidza. Munhu wose ane pachavo pamwero wavo kugona. Inonyanya nomumwe kupfuura ruzivo uye unyanzvi. Kugona kunoedzwa uye kuratidzwa zvakanaka tsika.

Professional kukwanisa vadzidzisi. Sezvatakamboreva kumusoro, nadpredmetna, uye haisi nyore mubatanidzwa pasi ruzivo. "The chaizvo kuti kugona sezvo imwe mhando nyanzvi chido chine iri chokwadi kuti vawana ezvinhu chaiwo, nekugadzirisa matambudziko basa, kunyange kana zvaitika mukati yechinangwa yedzidzo muitiro. Nature pedagogical basa ... haabvumiri kugona kuti kutevedzera, kureva "Ibva" zvinoreva vadzidzi dzinozivikanwa kunzwisisa dzidzo. Pedagogical kugona somunhu tsika pfuma chibereko okuzvifunga kukura nyanzvi ramangwana iri nyanzvi kwezvakatipoteredza, anoteverwa vanatenzi "[VV Serikov Nature kudzidzisa mabasa uye kunyanya yekosi mudzidzisi dzidzo // Pedagogy, № 5. - 2010. - p. 34-

Kazhinji, hunhu pedagogical kukwanisa somunhu pane Somuenzaniso, imwe injiniya kana chiremba kugona. Zvapedzisira kugona chaizvo kuyerwa. Nemamwe mashoko, pedagogical kugona ari oga, vawana mukufamba kudzidziswa chesekondari. Kana yokungotaura ruzivo vakafanana vadzidzi vose, ari kugona, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, munhu wacho. Pedagogical kugona hazvigoni kupupurirwa zvinenge miedzo dzakadai nemiedzo, marudzi akasiyana nomumukanwa uye akanyorwa nemiedzo. Kugona Check ':. Nokufamba tsika.

In kurovedza chetsika Zvakakosha kurangarira, kuudza, kutsanangura, kana kugona kutaura mudzidzi anofanira kutsanangura kwete chete nei zvakakodzera kuti aite, asi kuchiita chiito ichi. Kugona haagoni kuva inogadzirwa Zvagara, kureva kwete kuwanda uwandu ruzivo uye unyanzvi. Izvi hazvirevi kuti tinofanira kusiya zvesayenzi uye chinangwa dzidzo, zviri kungoramba ari kudzidza nyaya vayo nokuda. Inofanira kuva simulation chaiwo pedagogical kwezvakatipoteredza, kutsvaka kwavanozviita. Ino chaiyo mhando yedzidzo basa, ndiko kutsiva zvetsika kusvika pakugadzirira vadzidzisi.

Ndokusaka gos itsva pedagogical wezwi kudzidzisa tsika inopiwa ane kosi 1 kusvika 4 gore, kureva, zviri kuramba, rimwe zuva pavhiki, uye anonzi "Day School".

Student yakazara ndee kuchikoro.

Ndokusaka gos idzva pedagogical wezwi, zvikuru ngwariro rwakabhadharwa kuna nokudzidzisa tsika. Kudzidzisa tsika ndiyo nzvimbo aumba rwevanhu nyanzvi uye chinokosha kugona. On kudzidzisa tsika "miviri" zivo dzave vakawana muna hurukuro uye inoshanda makirasi.

Munguva AGM kukura pedagogical kugona nzvimbo zvinogumbura vatatu rakazivikanwa: nokudenga, mukuru uye chinokosha. Zvidhinha maviri competences vokutanga ndivo Chokwadi revatema nokuda Profiles zvose. chaiwo competencies vanovhara dzakananga nechimwe profile. The pamazita competencies zvinopiwa ari CRP vari Advisory zvakasikwa, dzidzo yepamusoro zvikoro vane kodzero, kwakavakirwa munyika nezvaanogona, chinamatidzwa vatiitire, kujekesa. Uye izvi kuchapfuurira kusvikira tinosvika Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri womuenzaniso zvingasafadza kugutsa vanhu.