Mumwe mukadzi wechiPoland is Polish kana Polish? Nzira yekunyora uye kutaura zvakanaka

Kunyora nekududzirwa kwemashoko akawanda echiRussia kunowanzobva pane tsika yakagadzirwa mumazana emakore akapfuura. Nemhaka yeizvi, mazwi akawanda anogona kuvapo nokuda kwekutsanangurwa kweimwe pfungwa, semuenzaniso, se putty uye putty. Pakati pezviitiko zvinokakavadzana uye zita rakakodzera renyika yeaigara muPoland. Saka, zvakananga sei kutaura: polka kana polka? Ngatitorei izvi kunze.

Zvinoreva mazwi "polka" uye "polka"

Iwe usati wawana nzira yekufananidzira zvakakodzera munhu anogara kuPoland: Polka kana Polka, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise zvinoreva uye mavambo emashoko aya.

Mashoko maviri aya anoshandiswa pakutumidzwa kwevakadzi kana vakadzi kubva kuPoland, uye kune avo vanogara kune imwe nyika, asi nyika iyi.

Aya mazwi ndiwo maonero akafanana pakati pavo. Panguva imwecheteyo, "Polish" inofungidzirwa kuva zita risati rapera, kurega kushandiswa kushandiswa. Apo "polka" inoshandiswa zvakashandura kwete chete muRussia nePolish, asi mune dzimwe dzakawanda mitauro.

The etymology yezwi rokuti "polka"

Usati wafunga kuti unganyora sei zvakarurama: "polka" kana kuti "polka", zvakakosha kudzidza pamusoro pezvinoreva uye mavambo emashoko aya.

Saka, zita rechikadzi rokuti "polka" (polka muchiPolish) rakaumbwa kubva pashoko rokuti "polak" (polak), iro rinonzi anogara kana kuti anowanikwa muPoland. Izvochete iyo yakagamuchira zita rakadaro nekuda kwedunhu rakapoteredza (kubva pamutauro "munda" - puro). Kunewo shanduro iyo nyika yakawana zita rayo kwete nekuda kwezvisikwa zvemahara (shure kwezvose, kune masango akawanda muPoland), asi nekuda kwerudzi rwema glades anogara munharaunda iyi.

Russian, Chiukraine, Belarusian, ChiGerman, Chirungu, ChiFrench uye dzakawanda mimwe mitauro yenyika shoko rokuti "polka" rakakweretwa kubva kuPoland yechizvarwa, uye zvisingashanduri.

Zvinonakidza kuti zita iri rakaramba richichengetedza kushushikana kwepakutanga pane syllable yekutanga. Kunyange zvazvo kutumidzwa kweshoko rokuti "Chirevo" kwakashandurwa kune mutauro weRussia. Kushushikana kwacho kwakatamiswa kubva kwechirairika yekutanga kusvika kune yechipiri.

Kutanga kwezwi rokuti "Polish"

Kufanana neshoko rokuti "polka", "Polishie" rakagadzirwawo kubva pashoko rokuti "Pole" uye "Poland", asi akawanda gare gare. Nguva chaiyo yekuonekwa kwezita iyi mumutauro weRussia haina kuzivikanwa. Muchiitiko ichi, zita rakadzidza kubva pakuona kwegiramende rinopindirana nenzira yakarongwa yekuumbwa kwemadzimai echikadzi kubva kumurume maererano nehurumende. Somuenzaniso, seTajik - Tajik, Uzbek - Uzbek, Slovak - Slovak.

Kubva pane izvi tinogona kugumisa kuti shoko rokuti "Polish" rakaonekwa seanorogue rechiRussia kune zita rokuti "polka", uye kuparadzirwa kwakanyanya kunokonzerwa nenhema.

Nokudaro, mumabasa ezvinyorwa zvakadai seAlexander Sergeevich Pushkin naNikolai Vasilyevich Gogol, kunenge kwose kwose shoko iri rinoshandiswa. Uye neruoko rwavo rworudyi, vamwe vanyori munguva dzakazotevera vakatanga kushandisa izwi iri pane "polka."

Nenzira, yakabva mumutauro weRussia iyo mukadzi wechiPolish akatamira kuUukraine (Polish) uye Belarusian ("palyachka"). Mushure mezvo, zvisati zvaitika, shoko rokuti "laska" kana "katurike" raishandiswa kakawanda muUukraine, iro raive rakafanana neveOrthodox vagari veUkraine (munguva yeKazachkina nguva).

Zvinyanzwisiso zvezvinoreva zita rokuti "polka"

Kunyange zvazvo mashoko maviri aya akafanana, kune kusiyana pakati pavo. Saka, izwi rokuti "Polish" harina kunaka muhutano, ine nyora yekuregererwa. Uye vakadzi vePoland navasikana ivo pachavo vanogumburwa pavanodanwa kwavari. Nenzira imwechete yevaUkraine, apo vanonzi "hohlami" uye "banders", uye Russia - apo vanonzi "katsapami" uye "Moskals."

Mudzi wekusada uku kwezwi rokuti "Polish" hazvizivikanwi. Zvichida izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuparadzaniswa kwePoland muna 1795, umo umambo hweRussia hwakatora chikamu chakasimba. Mushure mezvose, makore anopfuura zana, nyika dzakawanda dzePoland dzaive dzevaRussia vakashinga nekusika tsika yavo nemutauro.

Chero mamiriro ezvinhu, kana, paaishanyira Poles, achishevedza mukadzi wechiPolish, izvi zvichaonekwa sechimiro chakaipa uye chichava chisingadi.

Pane shoko rokuti "polka" muchiPoland?

Kufunga nezve mubvunzo: "Kutaura uye kunyora sezvo zvakarurama: polka kana polka?" Zvakakosha kubhadhara kana kune shoko rinonyangadza kune vagari vePoland mumutauro wavo.

Icho chinoitika kuti izwi iri, rakabudirira kwazvo rakagadziriswa mumutauro weRussia, chiKukraine neBelarusian, haisipo muchiPolish.

Panguva imwecheteyo, dzimwe nguva shoko rokuti "Polishie" iri kuedza kuratidzira seanorgani kune izwi rokuti "Polish" (polaczek), iro risinawo kunyanya kudiwa nevamiriri venyika ino. Zvisinei, mazita "Polish" uye "Polish" ane mavara akasiyana-siyana. Saka, yekutanga ibhuku rekare rekare, iro rakapfuura rakashandiswa mumagwaro ehurumende. Asi "Poles" kana "Polapishka" ndiwo mazita ane mumvuri wakajeka wekuregererwa. Havana kumboshandiswa mumutauro wehurukuro kana mutauro wakanyorwa.

"Puro" kana kuti "polka": kutaura uye kunyora zvakarurama

Mashoko maviri ari pasi pekufunga ane rimwe rinoreva. Zvisinei, ndeupi wamunofanira kusarudza: Polish kana Polish?

Pasinei nharo dzakasiyana-siyana, shoko roga rakakosha pamusoro pemukadzi kubva kuPoland ndiro zita rokuti "polka".

Izwi rokuti "Polish" rinotaridzirwa kwete risiri chete, asiwo rakapera. Uye kunyange kubva pahafu yekutanga yezana remakore rechi20, rakanyorwa mumaduramazwi ezvenguva iyoyo.

Zvisinei, paanonyora mabasa odhipi anotsanangura nguva yePushkin kana nguva iyo zita rokuti "Polka" raishandiswa zvakasimba mumutauro, kushandiswa kweshoko iri kunobvumirwa.

Kubva pane izvi zvose, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti pakusarudza pakati pe "polka" kana "polka" zvakasiyana-siyana, munhu anofanirwa kupa nguva yekutanga, kana iyi isiri yemifananidzo.

Nei tichiwanzoti "polka" pane "polka"

Mushure mokudzidza mubvunzo: "Kutaura uye kunyora sezvo zvakarurama: Polka kana Polka?" Zvakakosha kubvunza kuti sei shoko rokuti "Polishie" richiri kushandiswa mumutauro wevanhu vakawanda. Mushure mezvose, haisi nguva isingagumi, asi inogona kugadzirisa matambudziko muhukama nevakadzi vorudzi urwu.

Icho chinotarisa kuti pfungwa yacho ndeyokuti shoko rokuti "polka" rinoshandiswa kwete chete seanogara muPoland, asiwo sechizivikanwi chechiCzech chekuita dhani. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kuitira kuti usasanzwisiswa mukukurukurirana, vazhinji (zvisinei kuti zvakajeka sei: Polka kana Polka) shandisa izwi rechipiri.

Nenzira, nekuda kwechiitiko ichi, vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti polka mutambo wePoland. Chaizvoizvo, zita rayo rakaumbwa kubva kuCzech izwi půlka (hafu yechitanhatu) uye chete nekusawirirana kwaienderana neshoko rokuti polka.

Zvinonakidza kuti nezita iri panewo danish dance polska ("polska"), iyo isineiwo nehurumende.

Takurukura mubvunzo uyu: "Kutaura nekunyora sezvakarurama: Polka kana Polka?" Tinogona kugumisa kuti kuvapo kwe dambudziko iri kunoratidza hupfumi hweRussia, uyewo nechido chevatakuri vayo panguva dzose kutsvaga mazita avo kumashoko evatorwa.