Munyu ugleammoniynye: tsananguro, akafanana, kukura

Zvinenge hapana kugadzirwa indasitiri kuita pasina mishonga zvinoshingaira zvinhu. Yokuvirisa inoshandiswa mune zvokurima, zvokudya maindasitiri, panguva kusukuta matehwe, rokuvaka uye mune dzimwe pazvinoitwa evanhu vakawanda. Pakati vose nenzvimbo nzvimbo inokosha ugleammoniynye munyu, izvo zvakasikwa.

Ugleammoniynaya munyu

Ugleammoniynaya munyu - inorganic remubatanidzwa iri chena, nyore soluble nemvura, ndiye zvakaitwa yemudzimu carbonic asidhi uye Ammonium munyu.

Crystals fuma panze anoora nokukurumidza kwokusunungura yakawanda amoniya uye carbon dioxide, uye ipapo sasana. Pane mhando mbiri makemikari:

1. Salt ugleammoniynye mhando B, izvo zviri kushingaira kushandiswa mune simbi indasitiri panguva remigodhi uranium exchange esimbi kuti flotation muitiro, ari neutralization kuti Chrome dzomugungwa uye coloring zvigadzirwa.
2. Munyu pefiyumu A, iro rinoshandiswa hwokubereka Organic zvigadzirwa, synthesizing makemikari.

Mhando dzose makemikari havasi soluble ari panyaya iyi uye acetone. Takagadzirira zvinhu mharuro redox siyana pakati Ammonium munyu uye carbonic acid.

makemikari anoumba

Maererano nezvinodiwa hurumende, munyu ugleammoniynye rinofanira kubva yakaoma zvacho zvinenge 99% Ammonium bicarbonate, Ammonium carbonate - hapana anopfuura 1%, uye akasungwa mvura panguva samolecular pamwero haasi kupfuura 3%.

Chaiwo makemikari anoumba nenhamba hungasiyana zvichienderana chikumbiro sekiristaro fuma. Saka, nokuti zvokudya indasitiri mu murwiyo kunofanira kanenge 20,9% NH _3. Misa chikamu dzimwe yeimwe iri zvachose yaidzorwa framework uye anofanira haapfuuri zvinotevera zviratidzi:

• inorema nesimbi - 5 * 10 ^-4;
• Arsenic - 1 x 10 ^-4;
• valent simbi uye ayo yeimwe - 1 * 10 ^-3;
• kuiisa chlorine uye chlorides - 1 * 10 ^-3;
• mvura insoluble yeimwe - 5 * 10 ^-3.

zviratidzi izvi anotsanangurwa TU U 6-04687873.025-95 kwemakemikari payakavakirwa - NH ₄ HCO _3.

Mumuviri makemikari parameters

Ugleammoniynye munyu vane parameters kuti vaone sei avo chaiyo nenhumbi:

• Hue sekristaro zvinhu zvinogona anomiririrwa chena, pink kana pfumbu tint;
• vanobudisa chikamu amoniya kuti boka A ngaafadze 21% kuti B giredhi - 20.7%;
• vakawanda nengaidzo pashure calcination Hachifaniri kupfuura 0,008% kuti mhando A, uye kwete kupfuura 0.02 kuti mhando B.

Chete fuma zvakafanana parameters izvi kungarondedzerwa se ugleammoniynaya munyu. GOST 9325-79 anovamba urongwa uhwu, uyewo anoita mitemo inoshandiswa, chokufambisa uye kuchengetwa, matanho uye kuchengeteka.

kukura

Yainyanya ugleammoniynaya munyu yakawanikwa yaigadzira zvokudya uye kurima. In wokutanga nharaunda zvakanyorwa kushandiswa achinyepera E503 yokuvirisa kazhinji unotsiva muviri mbiriso uye Ammonium carbonate chikafu. Kushandisa pfuma yakanyauka mumvura pa 20 ^{° C} uye kumusoro, uye akazotaurawo kuti nzira musanganiswa nguva pfupi furawa kunayisa pamberi.

Mumuviri makemikari parameters ugleammoniynoy munyu kubvumira kushandiswa kwayo somunhu fetiraiza. Kusuma fuma crystals vawane tava kuderera kana kwakakwana paimira basa kuunganidza nitrites muvhu, izvo zvinobatsira hunobata uwandu zvirimwa kuibvisa, uye:

1. Goho yakawedzera 15-45%.
2. The kutanga kwekupwanyiwa fruiting zvirimwa vakauya mberi achishandisa vhiki kana maviri.
3. It kunoderedza kudiwa ivhu phosphorus fetiraiza.
4. Zvinokurudzira paumbwe manyowa.

In nyika yedu, kugadzirwa fetiraiza pahwaro ugleammoniynoy munyu rinonyatsotarira wechipfuwo entrepreneur, nei mutengo zvigadzirwa dererei zvikuru pane mari dzimwe analogues.

matanho okudzivirira

Ugleammoniynye munyu anoreva 4th kirasi nengozi. In mamiriro avo rine mbiri utano hwevanhu - amoniya uye carbon dioxide. Chokutanga chaikosha ndechokuti zvikuru chepfu kana inhaled zvinokonzera bundu. Kana muchetura kunokanganisa musimboti tsinga, pane nemusoro, mvura meso, chinyamunhari chinorwadza uye zvimwe zviratidzo.

Carbon dioxide ane marwadzo uye soporific kushanda. In yakawanda kuzvigadzirira masimba omoto atinoda kufema centre, zvichikonzera kukachidzwa uye zvinogona kukonzera rufu nokushayiwa okisijeni.

Naizvozvo, kushandisa munyu ugleammoniynye zvinogoneka chete zvipfeko chaiyo, kuchengeteka magirazi, magiravhusi, husingakwanisi alkalis, masiki. Mushure kushanda mitemo utsanana, yakanakisisa inodziya yokugezera.