Ndeipi yechipiri zvikamu mutongo? Pakusarudza Uyezve, ezvinhu

Pakutanga kwaiva shoko ... We kukurukurirana uye nokungwaririra dzichiumbwa matauriro ake kana kukurukurirana uchishandisa zvimwe muzvikamu mitauro. Vachava nyaya yokudzidza nyaya ino. Kuziva (kana kurangarira) zvakataurwa yedzimwe zvikamu chirevo uye sei vaonekwe mundima / matauriro, tava kuenda dzinokosha pfungwa.

Chii pfungwa?

Ngatitange nepfungwa yokuti shoko harisi chete, asi dzinokosha STRUCTURAL mitauro chikwata. Iye anodana zvinhu. A iine mashoko, vakabatana pamwe zvinoreva, girama uye intonation, akaita kunze pfungwa. Richava chinotevera mutauro dzakabatana. It rine yakatarwa akarurama girama kutukana kwokubatana Chokwadi - of mutongo.

Chii mutongo?

Kubva pfungwa nemaonero girama, chinokosha (shoko kana mubatanidzwa rayo) mukati mumwe mutongo zvakakwana. Vachiita mabasa avo uye vanotakura imwe ukoshi. Dzinowanzotanga rakakamurwa zviduku nezvikuru. Kuzivisa mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti, "chii yechipiri zvikamu mutongo?", Wotaura nyaya wechikoro kuti vaumbe pfungwa mukuru.

By huru mashoko zvinosanganisira nyaya uye Predicate. Dzavo basa - kuumba puranga, nheyo vaitaura. zvinoriumba ava vasingatungamirirwi nemamwe mashoko. Asi kumwe mutauro zviumbu kungaenderana zvinoti panyaya uye Predicate.

Ndeipi yechipiri zvikamu mutongo?

Izvi zvose anokwana zviyero mutauro, kuwedzera nyaya uye Predicate. Pano zvakafanira kunzwisisa: yechipiri nhengo vanogona kubatsirwa kwete chete pane wechikoro, asiwo kubva mumwe. Ndizvo zvakaoma mutauro wedu Russian!

Secondary of mutongo vangasarudza mukwanisi uye kuenzanisira chinokosha mashoko. Kuzivana mumwe mutauro chikwata zvizere. Chimbofunga navo kongiri mienzaniso uye tinonzwisisa kuti ari muduku mutongo: tsananguro, Uyezve, mamiriro ezvinhu.

tsananguro

Ichi chikamu muduku pakati mutongo anotaura pacharo. Iye unoratidza kunaka chinhu, ayo kusunungura pfuma kana kuzivikanwa. Pakusarudza yakatarwa yaJehovha "chii?" Mibvunzo "chii?", "Chii?" Kana "waani?" "Waani?" "Waani?" "Waani?" "Beautiful rokwe" (izvo nemapfekero?) "Tsuro nzeve" (vane nzeve?). Govera kutsunga kupindirana uye dzisingapindirani:

• Wokutanga mhando ine sungano huru shoko nyaya uye nhamba (kana nhamba kunoshamisa, uye kunyange-mhando). Uyezve, asingachinji tsanangudzo ringaratidzwa zvakasiyana uye vakatsunga shoko. Somuenzaniso, "munhu Negima (adj.) Willow", "dzenyu (nzvimbo.) Mudzidzisi", "wokutanga (nhamba.) Day," "vafa (uye.) List."
• The mhando tsanangudzo rwechipiri haruna chibvumirano asi ipapo uchikurukura vakatsunga mutauro chikwata chete nenzira ine contiguity kana kuzvidzora: "freckled chiso," "munhu ari jasi", "vana vane kwamaapuri". Dzisingapindirani kutsunga varehwa zvinotevera zvinoita nzira: "Weather muMoscow" (. Noun ine rokuti), "Flight Butterfly" (. Pazita pasina rokuti), "The chido kuziva" (. Inf), "The kuutio zvakawanda" (mupanda kuti cf. Art .. .), "famba" (Adv.), "hanzvadzi" (prityazhat. nzvimbo.), "kana hove kana shiri" (mubatanidzwa yose).
• Rumwe rudzi nokutsunga - chikumbiro ichi. Kazhinji, chinotaurwa pedyo pazita. The Anwendung rinopa tsananguro zvechadenga chinhu kana munhu anovhura nayo nevamwe nzira itsva. It umire yakafanana sezvo pazita kuti iyo. Somuenzaniso, "Tenzikadzi (wokwaEfremu. P.), Vaeni mukadzi (nayo. P.), Ngavave kugamuchira mumba."

Kuwedzera

Ichi chikamu muduku pakati mutongo anoreva yacho, mamwe mashoko tsananguro. Richazara ose mibvunzo isina kunanga kacho. Chinamatidzwa ringaratidzwa mu zvikamu kutaura:

• Pazita mune imwe oblique nyaya chete kana pasina chokumupomera kwaari: "(? Chii) Iye anotarira The firimu uye anoda (chii?) Pamusoro adventures."
• Chero chikamu rwokutaura, anoita basa rimwe rokuti: "Vakateerera Ndiani akataura nokungwarira (ndiani?)."
• Kuitika chokuti rechiito: "Isu akamubvunza (chii?) Kuti abatane."
• Fixed mubatanidzwa: "Anoda iwe (chii?) Haufaniri kuverenga rarira kumativi uye kungwarira."
• The nhamba "Divide (chii?) To nemashanu (chii?) Vatatu."

Uyezve inogona zvakananga kana kuti zvisina kunanga,

• Direct - mukwanisi iri accusative pasina rokuti mushure transitive rechiito kana genitive nyaya zvakaipa rechiito (kazhinji kuroorwa) "kutenga (chii?) Book", "rudo (uyo?) Vabereki," "havateereri (izvo ?) kusaina. "
• Zvisina kunanga - kuwedzererwa dzimwe zviitiko zvose (pangava kupfuura chimwe): "Isu (uyo?) Tichauya kwamuri."

ezvinhu

nhengo kuduku ichi chinoshanda tsanangudzo mashoko uye mashoko zviratidzo, umo chiito inoitika pacharo. It kungaratidzwa se:

• Dudzirachiito: "Takafara vakadzikama uye akayera."
• Pazita iri oblique nyaya chete rokuti "Ivo akazorora pakupera kwevhiki kusvikira manheru."
• Gerund: "Kunyemwerera, akadira mune kapu yetii."
• Kuitika chokuti rechiito: "Ndakadana kuziva sei zvinhu vachienda."

Mhando muchikwata ichi kupa nhengo zvizhinji kupfuura tsanangudzo uye kuwedzererwa. Akasiyanisa ezvinhu nguva, kwadzinoita chiito, nzvimbo, chinangwa, chikonzero, tendero, mamiriro ezvinhu, kuyera uye dhigirii.

We vanotaurwa kupfuura nezvenyaya yacho, Predicate uye ngarira muudzame tsanangudzo, Uyezve, mamiriro ezvinhu, kupindura mubvunzo "chii yechipiri zvikamu mutongo?". Munyaya ino totaura ayo musoro mhedziso, asi kwete kuguma dingindira pacharo, mumwe mutauro chikwata inogona disassembled uye kuongororwa kwazvo. Tinovimba kuti izvi zvinhu zvakanga anobatsira.