Ndiani akawana yakamanika Vilkitsky? Zviripiko?

Kuvafambisi vengarava prerevolutionary Russia vakatevera chinangwa - kuwana chikuru nzira kuchamhembe mvura, vachibvumira kuyangarara takasununguka kubva Pacific kusvika Atlantic Ocean. Vakasvika zvigaro, nokuti hakuna rutsoka munhu chisviniro. Vakakwanisa kuwana nyika itsva uye kuti incredible matongo Marine mumvura.

Muna September 1913 tsvakurudzo rwendo akaita huru zvinoshamisa. Zvakaitika kuti kumativi mvura Cape Chelyuskin kuchamhembe, hazvina wakapamhama gungwa uye rakamanikana mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka. Zvadaro, chikamu ichi akapiwa zita - Strait Vilkitsky.

Location Strait

Severnaya Zemlya anosiiwa ari Taimyr Peninsula haina rakafara yomugungwa mvura uye rakamanikana nzvimbo. Kureba hazvirevi pfuura 130 metres. The narrowest Chikamu akakamanikana iri muruwa Bolshevik Island, apo capes maviri wekuita - uye Chelyuskin Taimyr. Noupamhi chikamu chino nzvimbo - 56 chete mamita.

Kana uchiona mepu, zviri pachena kuti pane Vilkitsky Strait, kumusoro-kumabvazuva chitsuwa Bolshevik rakapararira pamusoro nzvimbo duku. It Evgenova Strait. Iye oga maviri zvitsuwa tuduku (Starokadomsky uye Small Taimyr), riri kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva rezvitsuwa kubva kumbonyanya huru Bolsheviks.

In kumavirira uri 4 Heiberg duku Islands. Panguva iyi, kudzika kwemvura nzvimbo iri kuwanda 100-150 mamita. Nechokumabvazuva nesuwo iri akatura kuna kudzika pamusoro 200 metres.

Map chinoratidza zvakajeka izvo chokuita kugungwa rakamanikana Vilkitsky. Nokuda duku mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka pakati ane interconnected mvura mumakungwa maviri - the Kara uye Laptev.

History of kuwanikwa Strait

Kuedza kuongorora kuchamhembe chikamu gungwa nzira kutora akatanga mukupera XIX remakore. Muna 1881, mukati yakapoteredza Taimyr mvura, rire mudziyo "Jeannette", akarayira D. De Long. Mushandirapamwe wakavhiringika: ngarava wakarwadzisa simba kuchamhembe chando.

The rwendo inotungamirwa Swedish aiongorora Adolf Erik Nordensheldoma muforo gungwa pedyo Severnaya Zemlya muna 1878. Zvisinei, vakatadza kuziva rakamanikana gwara. Zvino uyo akawana yakamanika Vilkitsky?

Muna 1913, kuongorora expanses pakati kweArctic Ocean rwunotumirwa Russian rwendo. Vezvikepe kunge akashongedzerwa zvikepe zviviri - "Vaigach" uye "Taimyr". Captain aizi wechipiri akasarudzwa B. Vilkitsky. Vatsvakurudzi vaifanira kutora mifananidzo mhenderekedzo muzvitsuwa, vakapararira mhiri Arctic Ocean. Mukuwedzera, vanofanira kutarira mumvura yomugungwa, zvakakodzera tichigadzira of Northern gang. Vafambisi kukunaya pamusoro aizi "Taimyr", akanga rombo zvakakwana kuona munhu rezvitsuwa guru, vakatora 38 000 mamita ² nyika. Pakutanga, panguva chirongwa pakati Boris Vilkitsky, akapiwa zita Kunyika Emperor Nicholas II. Zvino zita rake Severnaya Zemlya.

On chete rwendo kuziva uye kutsanangura zvishoma zvitsuwa zviduku. Nyika ichaziva pamusoro mały Taimyr Starokadomsky Island uye Vilkitsky. Chinonyanya kukosha kuwanikwa XX remakore achaita Vilkitsky Strait. Boris A. kuzodana mvura Strait of Tsesarevicha Alekseya.

Zvakabuda kunorwa chaienda

The rwendo, yakatanga muna 1913, akapedza makore anopfuura maviri. Panoperera rwendo nguva 25.11.13 d zvikepe chakasungirirwa muna Vladivostokskaya Bay Golden Horn, kuti vapone chando zvinotonzi mune yakachengeteka ezvinhu. Muna 1914, pamwe pakutanga wekushandisa dzinopwanya aizi, achibva Vladivostok, vakatamira kumavirazuva. Nechikepe Simudzirai Taimyr ngarava akamiririra muchando muGulf of Toll. Panongotanga rwendo zvaiita, ivo zvakare akabuda mugungwa, tichigadzira nzira yokuti North kuburikidza gungwa Reisen. Borisu Andreevichu akakwanisa kuti kweArctic makungwa kutumirwa haisi ngano asi chaicho.

zvichireva Strait

Kuvafambisi vengarava dzave aizi kuburikidza Strait Vilkitsky, rava chikuru Guru Sea Route, izvo kutamira takasununguka kubva East Far kuna Arkhangelsk. Kuchinja wokutanga anotsvedzerera kweArctic Ocean, akaita Borisom Andreevichem, rakapera muna September 1915 ari pachiteshi Arkhangelsk.

Anezita rinonzi Strait?

Pamutemo, zita akakamanikana, hwakapiwa kukudzwa akawana Tsarevich, wakagara makore maviri chete - kubva 1916 kusvika muna 1918. Mushure October Revolution, zvicharangarirwa zita. The gakava pamusoro unonzi mu kukudzwa Strait Vilkitsky, haana kuserera. Ane zita rinonzi mvura nzvimbo - aidzidzisa A. Vilkitsky kana mwanakomana wake, Boris Andreyevich?

Pane uchapupu hwokuti muna 1913-1916, akatumidzwa Andreya Vilkitskogo, munhu akakurumbira Russian cartographer. Uye vanoti kuti pamwe veMubatanidzwa Soviet ushe zvakanzi ainzi "Boris Vilkitsky Strait." Anonzi ari kukudzwa kwaiye akavhura mvura, akazosvika kusvikira 1954.

Zvakare, Canal Yakazopiwa zita rokuti kuvinga nyore kuverenga neSvondo. Kubviswa zita zita munhu, uyo akatungamirira rwendo rukuru. NeSvondo akatanga kunyora nyore - Strait Vilkitsky. Uye ichi pasinei nokuti chiperengo zita rokuti kwainzi inokosha.

In kweArctic, vakawanda mazita ndiro zita baba Boris Andreyevich. zita rake kunzi zvitsuwa, mazitombo echando, vanoverengeka capes. Zvisinei, zvinofungidzirwa kuti zita mvura chinowanzoitika vasataura nemaune nomudzimu zvematongerwo dzakakwirira.

Boris Vilkitsky: chokwadi kubva Biography

Pasina ruzivo Biography hydrograph pachivakwa, akaongorora kweArctic expanses, zvakaoma kutsanangura kuchinja zita nesuwo. Rodina Borisa Andreevicha, akaberekerwa 03.03.1885, ari - Pulkovo. baba vake, Andrew Vilkitsky, ari kunozivikanwa aiongorora.

A kudzidza Naval kadheti Corps, vane chinzvimbo warandi mukuru muna 1904, akava nhengo muhondo wokuRussia-Japanese. Nokuti ushingi ari bhayoneti vakashinga mutyairi paakavapa mana uto mirairo. Pakurwa yokupedzisira akakuvadzwa zvakakomba, akabatwa uye kudzoswa.

Pashure pehondo, nhaka mupurisa kudzidza Naval Academy muSt Petersburg. Pashure pokudzidza, akava mushandi ari Main Hydrographic Office kweRussia. Ndakanga mubasa tsvakurudzo pamusoro reBaltic uye kuFar East.

Munyika War First Akatora murayiro muparadzi "Flyer". Nokuti vakasimba foray mumusasa womuvengi yaakawana wokuva ushingi - maoko St. George. Makore matatu pashure October Revolution, muna 1920, mumwe mukuru mukuru GESLO achitora mutongo kutama, akasiya Soviet Russia.

Chirango mutengesi kuti Motherland

Kunenge kuti chiito kukodzera yaiva chikonzero kuti zita Strait reinsurers akabvisa zita rake. Muchiitiko chino, chii Zvinoshamisa ndezvokuti nhaka mukuru uyo akashumira youmambo romugungwa, kwete vakanzi muvengi vanhu uye haana hanya kuti pandandanda vapikirwa counterrevolutionaries. Uyezve, zita chena vanotodzoka haana akadzimwa mepu kweArctic, asi pamwe veMubatanidzwa simba Soviet nayo akabvisa zita akazarurwa uye ainzi aidzidzisa mazita. Vaimbove rokuremekedza Strait Vilkitsky kuwana muna 2004.

By aidzidzisa mazita akawedzera zita rake zvakare, kuti adzorere kururamisira. Panovhurwa akakamanikana, kuburikidza icho nechokwadi chaienda kuchamhembe mumvura, kusvikira kuonekwa munhoroondo yenyika guru kuwanikwa XX remakore.