Nemamiriro Nyika muchadenga

The tsiye redu - ndicho mhepo goko Nyika, iyo inodzivirira pemvura kubva zvinouraya zvinokonzerwa vose mupenyu ultraviolet kupenya kwezuva. Mukuwedzera, mhepo kunodzivisa ari kupinda nzvimbo guruva uye meteorites.

chadenga Structure: mamiriro

Kudzivirira goko inoumbwa musanganiswa magasi, vaviri pavatatu bhuku rayo anopindura senitrogen cheshanu - okisijeni, uye rimwe muzana chakaita kuti inert magasi (krypton, argon, nehelium, uye vamwe). Bhuku senitrogen uye okisijeni kashoma kushanduka, sezvo senitrogen ari substantially kwete sei nevamwe zvinhu uye yeimwe, uye okisijeni, pasinei zvekushandisa dzose nguva izere zvinomera.

Kusvikira 100-kiromita kukwirira nhamba magasi aya kubva muzana risina kuchinjwa. Izvi imhaka mumhepo gobvu kugara anokurudzira.

Kunze zvinoriumba aya anoumba chadenga unotora 0,030 muzana carbon dioxide, iyo yakaomerera pedyo pemvura. Vazhinji zviri maindasitiri nzvimbo, maguta, munzvimbo kuputika basa.

chadenga zvinosanganisira mukati ayo maumbirwo shoma guruva uye mvura mhute. Musha okupedzisira zvinoriumba kunobva ambient mhepo tembiricha mukuru pamwe raiwedzera chiutsi aumbwa. Kuvapo mvura iri mumhepo iri pamwando chokutambudzika zvinopa mukana kuchengeta zvakasikwa zvakadai nezvimwewo zviri refraction zviri chezuva, muraraungu,

guruva mumhepo kunoitika munguva kuputika kwemakomo, huruva uye jecha madutu, zvichiguma kukwana combustion kuti huni chafariz simba miti.

The arambe achirema dzedenga bhegi haisi chete pose pose. Panguva iyi zvazvingava, zvinokanganisawo kukwirira zvomumhepo. Chinonyanya gobvu goko panguva pemvura nyika, uye kukwirira kwayo anova kashoma. At chinhambwe 11 km mumhepo iri 4 nguva shoma pane ari pamusoro rukoko.

Nemamiriro ezvinhu: a wehunyambiri chikamu (stratification)

Zvichienderana ehupfumi ari gasi anoumba uye arambe achirema mhepo hamvuropu iri kwoita huru zvikamu zvishanu - concentric akaturikidzana.

The lowermost rukoko ndiye troposphere, rokumusoro panogumira riri chinhambwe 10 km kubva nyika pevhu panguva neequator kuti mapango, nhamba 18 km. Rezasi rukoko rine anenge ose mvura gasi uye vanenge 80 muzana zvachose Vhoriyamu chadenga.

Muna troposphere nokukwirira kunoitika kuderera kuti tembiricha: metres ose zana kunova kutonhora kubudikidza 0,6 madhigirii, uye panguva yokumusoro muganhu vakachengeta kubvisa 45-50 inegumi.

In goko iri kugara mhepo aibuda zvinopfakanyikamo yakavhenganiswa. pano chete kunonaia, pane mabhanan'ana, bvungapfunga, chando kana dutu.

The rukoko wechipiri mukati nemamiriro ezvinhu ndiwo stratosphere, iyo runosvika kune imwe kukwirira 55? Km. goko ichi ane diki kumanikidzwa uye mhepo arambe achirema. Sparse vakawanda ine zvakafanana magasi sezvo troposphere Zvisinei, pane zvakawanda ozone. The kunonyanyisa wevasungwa reokisijeni isotope iri kuchengetwa munzvimbo 20 - 30 km pachiso. stratosphere Temperature kunowedzera nokukwirira, uye pamuganhu pamusoro vanoshingaira zvinoriumba ndiyo 0 inegumi. Izvi nokuda Absorção de Água pfupi wavelength chikamu gwenya simba kubudikidza ozone, nokuda iyo mhepo kupopotedzana.

Pamusoro stratosphere ndiye mesosphere, nekukwirira inova 80 pachiso. Pano zvakare pane atova vasanyanye tembiricha kuti kubvisa madhigirii 90 panguva rokumusoro muganhu, mhepo arambe achirema mazana maviri nguva shoma pane ari pose akaturikidzana zvomumhepo panyika.

A chinhambwe 80 kusvika 800 makiromita Zvinoda mesosphere - goko chechina, chikamu nemamiriro ezvinhu. Pano magasi vari ionized uye kukwirira 160? Km tembiricha iri madhigirii 200, uye 650? Km - rinosvika 1500 C. Kune kuumbwa dzemagetsi dzenzvimbo kukanganisa remagineti kuitika Aurora.

Last rokunze goko akadana exosphere, riri 800? Km. Pane PARTICIPLE velocity rinosvika yakaoma iyi panguva iyo vanogona kupukunyuka muchadenga kukurira pano negiravhiti.