Nhare yefoni ye "Iridium", "Thuraya": tsanangudzo uye kugadziriswa

Kuzadzikiswa kwechirevo chekugadzira hutano hwehutano hwevanhu hunoti hupi hupi hupi hupi hwehutano hwakasiyana-siyana pasi peshoko rokuti "kupi zvako, chero nguva" kuburikidza nenhamba yega yega yeunyoresa. Basa iri rinoitwa kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwenyika yose yehutano hwakasikwa uye hwakasimbiswa yehutano hwakagadzirika, hwepasi pose uye hutaneti, kusikwa kwemashure anokosha anovimbisa kusiyanana kwekutaurirana kwemashoko uye zvigadzirwa. Sechikamu chekubatanidzwa uku, foni yepa satellite inobata nzvimbo yakakosha, nokuti inopa nzvimbo yepasi pose inoparidzirwa.

Kubatana nekanguva

Mukunzwisisa kwevanhu vazhinji, kutaurirana kwepaTesitellite kune chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa kubva pane zvakatevedzana zvemafirimu aJames Bond. Muzvokwadi, kune mamiriyoni evanhu vari pasi pano avo vanoda foni yeserurafoni 24 maawa pazuva, mazuva 365 pagore, chero kupi zvako munyika. Sezvo mutemo, vanobhadhara mazana emakambani anopa nzvimbo yekukurukurirana mabhizimisi, vashandi vepamusoro emakambani makuru, zvivako zvehurumende, geologists, vatsvakurudzi, vanofamba, uye vasina kazhinji vanhuwo zvavo vanogara munzvimbo dziri kure.

Zvirongwa zvehutano hwekutengesa satanese (SPSS)

Kubva muna 1985, International Telecommunication Union yave ichivandudza pfungwa yekudyidzana kwepasi rose uye panguva imwecheteyo kutaurirana kukurukurirana pasi rose. Makore gumi gare gare, muBuenos Aires, musangano wepasi pose wakakosha wakaitwa, apo zviyero uye zvikamu zvehutano hwehupfumi hwepasi pose zvakabvumidzwa. Inoumbwa nesangano rimwechete rinobatanidza rinonzi

Mukugadzirisa zvinetso zvekudyidzana kwepasi pose uye kuyananisa kwekukurukurirana, maitiro eSSPS anongoratidzika chete mune zvezvematongerwe enyika zvakakosha yekugadziriswa kwekusvika kune zvakaoma-kusvika-kusvika, nzvimbo dziri kure uye dzakapararira dzepasi.

Basa guru remujekiti

• Kudyidzana kwenyika dzekukurukurirana - kupiwa kwemashoko ekukurukurirana pasinei nenzvimbo yemushandisi.
• Kuita munhu wekukurukurirana - kuunza mazano kune avo vanopedza vashandi vanoda kupiwa mazano.
• A self terminal (satellite satellite, data transmission devices) - vashandi vane nzira yekukurukurirana nenhamba yavo pachavo.
• Kushandisa kushandiswa kwevashandi vemunhu oga.
• Basa rega - kune mamwe mapoka evashandisi.

Kurongwa kwekutaurirana maitiro

Kune zvikwata zvekukurukurirana nekukurumidza-nekukurumidza.

• Low-speed : Iridium, Globalstar, ICO, Odyssey, "Signal", ECCO, "Rostele-sat", Ellipse, Archimedes, "Polar Star" nevamwe. Mhando yehutano hwakapiwa: telephony, fax, kudhinda kwe data. Panguva ino, kukurumidza kukurukurwa kwemashoko kunowanikwawo. Semuenzaniso, foni yemazuva ano "Iridium" inopa zvose zvakachengeteka izwi rakachengeteka uye yehutano.
• High-speed : Celestri, Spaceway, Skybridge, Teledesic, Secoms nevamwe. Vanonyanya kushandiswa kwemasangano ekubatana kwenyika zvakadai sepamusoro-pfupi yeIndaneti, vashandisi vashoma vanogona kusvika kune databases, yepamusoro-purogiramu yefoni telephony uye musangano wekukurukurirana, maidiyuta e-multimedia kubva pane zvakasiyana-siyana kugadziriswa kwemashoko ekugumira, kusanganisira zvakakosha, zvinotarisirwa kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvevashandisi vega.

Project "Iridium"

Kudzoka muna 1987, nguva refu pamberi peIITU World Conference, Motorola yakagadzirirwa chinzvimbo chokudaidzira pasi rose, chinowanikwa chakakomba neawa, chero kupi zvako munyika. Basa racho rainzi Iridium. Pakutanga, yakanga yakarongwa kuisa 77craftcraft (SC) mumitambo yakadzika, asi mushure mokudzokorora nhamba ye satellites yakaderedzwa kusvika 66.

Kuti iite basa rekugadzira muna 1993, imwe yenyika yose Iridium Inc (Washington) yakasimbiswa. Chimiro chekodzero dzevatengesi chaisanganisira makambani: Motorola, Lockheed Martin, Nippon, Raytheon, Sprint Corp. Uye vamwe gumi nevamwe vamiririri. Pasi peRussia, mutengesi ($ 82 Mamiriyoni, 5% yezvikamu) ndiye waitungamira kambani ye rocket uye nzvimbo yeRussia, GKNPTS im. Khrunichev. Akabvumiranawo na Motorola kuti atange Iridium spacecraft ne PH Proton. Nhamba yekutanga kuburikidza nefoni yakagadzirwa neserati yakaitwa muzhizha muna 1997.

Collapse uye uberekezve

Kubatana kukuru kwemasetelliti kwakatangwa muna 1997-98, uye kutanga kwekutengeserana kunofungidzirwa musi waSeptember 23, 1998. Zvisinei, makaro (mitemo isina kukodzera kuwedzerwa) yevatungamiri gore rakatevera akatungamirira kushandiswa kwebasa racho. Pamberi pekambani "Motorola" mubvunzo wacho wakamuka wekuregera kubva pamitambo ye satellites, iyo yaida $ 40 mamiriyoni.

Nenzira yakanaka, kune varairidzi vaitenda mukubudirira kwebasa racho. Yakasimbiswa muna 2000, Iridium Satellite LLC yakadzikinura zvinhu zvemamiriyoni makumi maviri, uye, sezvo yakachengetwa mirairo kubva kuUnited States of Defense, yakatanga zvakare kushandiswa kwebhizimisi kwepasi rese sarudzo. Muna 2009, imwezvezve kugadziridza yaidiwa - mugumo wemushandi waiva Iridium Communications Inc.

Current state

Iye zvino "Iridium" inobudirira purogiramu nebhasikiti inopfuura hafu yemamiriyoni vatengi. Pakati pavo - mazita anokosha zvikuru enyika, vatungamiri vezvikwata zvakakura, hurumende mabasa ema nyika dzakasiyana-siyana, vashandi vekutakura, kuvaka, makambani emigodhi, mabasa epamberi uye mamwe maitiro. Mukutaura, iyo foni ye "Iridium" ine sangano rebasa inogona kutengwa nemunhu wose.

Zvishandiso

Iridium Communications pachayo inobatanidza zvizhinji zvemidziyo yepamusoro-kutengesa kudhinda kwekufambisa uye kutaura kwezwi. Nokuti vatengi vanowanikwa se "vasingatengi", uye mapepa emasitereti ane festi, yakaitwa mune imwe nyaya yakachengetedzwa. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye Iridium 9505A, 9555 uye Extreme (9575). Kuwanika kwepaIndaneti kunopiwa ne modems 9522A, 9522B uye 9602, uye inowanzoshandiswa kudhindurudza dhigirii yekirasi M2M - zvigadzirwa Iridium 9601 ne 9602.

Kuchengetedza magetsi zvinoshandiswa nemasikirwo emonochrome. Terefoni dzinodzivirira zvakanyanya pamusana pemigumisiro, unyoro, guruva, kuchinja kwekushisa. Ikozvino yakakonzerwa ndeyeIndaneti iri Iridium Extreme (9575). Iri ndiro chidimbu chinonyatsogadzirika pakuenzanisa nevakagara varo uye mifananidzi emakwikwi. Foni inoshanda chero kupi zvako pasi pano uye inopa izwi rakavimbika, deta uye GPS nzvimbo. Iridium 9575 inobatanidza mabasa eIndaneti iri Iridium 9555 uye satellite GPS tracker Shout Nano. Muenzaniso wacho une zvinhu zvinotevera:

• Kudzivirirwa kunzvimbo isina tsvina, kudedera, kushamiswa, mvura (IP65, MIL-STD 810F).
• Yakagadzirirwa-GPS-yevashandi.
• SOS purogiramu yakarongwa.
• Inovakwa mumavhidhiyo mabhaikoni, zvichibatsira kutsvaga mugungwa.

Mhando dzebasa

I Iridium system inopa vanyori nemishando inotevera:

• Kutaurirana kutaura. Muchirevo chekutaura, iyo algorithm ine prediction linear yeVSELP (vector-sum inofadza tsananguro yakatarisa) inoshandiswa. Inomhanya yekutumira izwi ndeye 2.4 kbps. Nguva yekutaurirana maminitsi makumi matatu. (Pasina kupesanidza kukurukurirana) ichagoverwa nemukana we 98%.
• Data transmission. Kupararira kusingapfuuri nehurefu hurefu hwemashoko hunoitwa. Zvinogonawo kutumira mafupi mashoko anotarisa nzvimbo uye chimiro chebhapiti.
• Facsimile messages . Iyo sagoni inokwanisa kugamuchira nekuchengetedza mharidzo mumurangariro, vanyori vavo vanogona kuona kuburikidza nekupukunyuka mharidzo pane pekuratidzira.
• Izvo zvinetso.
• Sarudza nzvimbo yacho.

The Thuraya Project

Kusiyana nehutano hwepasi pose "Iridium", "Turaya" ndiyo inharaunda yekushanda, inoshanda zvikuru kuEurope. Kana Motorola nevakaroorana navo vatanga masayendere 66, European project inogutsikana nevatatu, yakasimwa mumitambo ye geostationary. Zvisinei, foni yakabatana neThuraya system (kubva muArabia constellation yePleiades) inogonawo kugamuchira / kutumira nhare kuAustralia, Africa, neCentral Asia. Kuti ishandise Indaneti, imwe marimi yakasikwa - ThurayaDSL.

Statistics

Imwe kambani yakanyoreswa muUAE inoita bhizinesi rinobatsira. Izvo zvinyorwa zvisingabhadhari zvinosvika 300 000 vatengi, zvinowanikwa muna 2006 zvakapfuura madhora makumi emamiriyoni makumi matanhatu nemadhora. Kuenzanisira: 2005 kambani yakaguma nemari yakanaka ye $ 26 mamiriyoni.

Zvishandiso

Kana iwe uchienzanisa nhumbi "Iridium" uye "Thuraya", somuenzaniso, mafoni ezerendaneti, zvifananidzo zvinoratidza zvakajeka zvavari kunze uye zvinoshanda zvakasiyana. Matriyuta mazhinji eThuraya ane zvinyorwa zvinokonzerwa (rectableable) antenna, asi nhamba yezveruzhinji inopfuura kuderedzwa munharaunda yakafukidzwa nesatereti (izvi zvinowanikwa mumashandisirwo omunhu).

Kunze kwenyika, iyo foni ye "Thuraya" inofanana ne "handsets" yemakore ekuma2000: maduku mukuenzanisa nemakwikwi emuviri akaenzana, mifananidzo yevaravara, zvinyorwa zvishoma kana zvishoma zvemazuva ano. Muchiitiko ichi, zvigadzirwa zvine dhigirii inodikanwa yekudzivirirwa. Asi, zvinonyanya kukosha, zvigadziri zvakagadzirirwa ne GSM-module, kureva, munzvimbo inoshandiswa yekukurukurirana kwemaserura, nevatapi vebasa vane kambani yeArabhu yakapinda muchibvumirano, foni inoshanda seyese foni yefoni. Kana pasina hutachiona hweGMM, hunozvibatanidza kune ma satellites.

Kushanda kwemashandisirwo emashandisirwo akafanana neaya anowanzofambisa foni: menus user-friendly, mitambo yeJava uye zvidzidzo, kutumirwa kwe data, USB-interface. Kubva kune "mukuru" mabasa - anowedzera GPS-system.

Thuraya XT Satellite Phone

Icho chiri chimiro chekambani "Turaya", iyo yakava yekutanga pakati pekufananidzwa nekudzivirirwa kwakanyanya kune guruva, zvinhu zvinokuvadza uye unyoro, kirasi IP54 / IK03. Nyaya isingagadziki yezvinhu zve polycarbonate, sezvinotaurwa muongororo, inomira madonhwe makuru uye kudengenyeka. Kuwedzera kumira kumamiriro echisimba kunopiwa ne rubber gaskets uye aluminium sputtering.

Zvinyorwa:

• Mucherechedzo wemavara we 262000K mamita maviri masendimita uye ane chisarudzo che 176x220 pixels.
• Kutumirwa kwefeksi nedheta zvinogona kuitika zvose kuburikidza nehara-up-channel (low speed, yakarongeka ye 9.6 kbps), uye neGmPRS (kudzoka - 15 kbps, kugamuchira - kusvika 60 kbps).
• Tsanangurai ma GPS-mapurisa neaya gumi ekupedzisira kuverengwa.
• USB, standard connector for headphones (3.5 mm), sensor light.
• SAT mahara: "denga / pasi" - 1525/1559 MHz, "pasi / denga" - 1626.5 / 1660.5 MHz.
• Kuyera (kureba / kureba / kuoma): 53/128 / 26.5 mm. Kurema - 193 g.

Iyo mazano

• Kukurukurirana kwemashoko uye SMS kuburikidza nemafoni epanetaneti
• Facsimile neInternet kuburikidza nemafoni.
• ThurayaIP inokubvumira kuti uwedzere dhigirii paanomhanya ye 444 kbit / s kune imwe magumo.
• Kusarudza kwekugadzirisa GPS.
• Emergency call call .
• Voice mail, WAP, inorasikirwa nhare, kushevedza kumirira, kudzoka shure, nhau nemamwe mabasa.

Mhedziso

Makambani aya "Iridium" uye "Thuraya" muhutano hwekuita seinofanana nesetetensheni dzekutarisa dzine maonero akasiyana zvakasiyana siyana uye mabasa akawanda. Kana kuneNorth America inoronga boka rinoshamisa remasetelliti rinosanganiswa, zvino vashandi vechiArabhu vane zvitatu zvinoshanda mumitambo ye geostationary. Hazvina mubvunzo kubatsirwa kwe Iridium isinganzwisisiki kutaurirana muNyika yose, uye Thuraya yekomba yemapurisa ndeyemazuva ano uye mafoni anokwanisa anokwanisa kushanda mumagetsi eGMM.