Nhoroondo management, chikuru zvikoro ayo uye zvokukura kukura

Management sezvo unyanzvi hurumende yakatanga kare. rondedzero yake ari kwakadaro kwevanhu inowanikwa zvinyorwa Socrates. Yekare muzivi wechiGiriki, vaigara Muchiuru chemakore chokutanga BC, anotsanangura muitiro hunoenzana vanhu sezvo vachiedza kuisa imwe munhu pane imwe nzvimbo uye kuti iye ari kutsvakwa mugumisiro mabasa. Kutonga nezvinooneka zhinji hwakawanda huripo zvinyorwa, nhoroondo utariri yakatanga zviuru akawanda apfuura, uye zvesayenzi rekubata vanhu yaiitirwa kwayo inotungamirwa akawanda akasiyana nzendo.

vanhu Prehistoric vaigara vachiravana, aisafanira kutarisira kubva basa. Chinangwa chikuru chokuvapo kwavo kwaiva kurarama mune utsinye ezvinhu zvakasikwa. Madzibaba edu vekare yakaungana akaiti vapenyu pamwe chete madzinza, aida kuvhara kwavari waiva munhu akachenjera, kuti zvisarudzo zvakanakisisa yose rudzi, kugadzirisa kusawirirana mukati dzinza, mutongo pamusoro chirango chiri chinhu mhosva. murume akadaro aiva mutungamiriri. Sezvo kuwandisa evanhu mapoka evanhu zvakakodzera weboka basa Zvisinei, zvose basa iri aifanirawo tungamirwe munhu kubva kunze. Saka pane dzidziso dzekuvamba kurapa munhu mapoka evanhu kuparadzaniswa avo nyanzvi chinzvimbo chekutanga.

History management mune ano pfungwa shoko inotanga zveupfumi, kwakaitika muna 17-19 emakore. Rakanga panguva iyi mu Europe, kune wokutanga kugadzira zvebhizimisi vachida imwe zvechokwadi matarenda execute. Management Sayenzi anovandudza pakazopera remakore rechi19. Panguva ino, pane basa rokutanga masayendisiti vakazvitsaurira kuna ichi mhando yebasa kwevanhu.

Matanho uye zvikoro munhoroondo management

Management nyanzvi basa kunoonekwa kekutanga ane American H. Tawney kwomushumo wake aigadzirira mharidzo pamusangano of Society of Mechanical Engineers. Pamusangano uyu anotanga anoratidza maonero ake kuti vanhu inoda kudzidzisa-mamaneja.

Total munhau upfumi pfungwa remakore rechi20 akaumba kuzvidzora zvikoro shanu:

- Scientific Management School (muvambi F. Taylor, munyori wemabhuku akawanda panyaya);

- Administrative School (tateguru - French injiniya A. Fayolle);

- quantitative chikoro (vamiririri - J. Thompson, G. Ackoff, D. March);

- chikoro behaviourist (inotungamirwa racho chokuita kukura wemagariro evanhu uye zvepfungwa, ivo vanonzi anozivikanwa vamiririri Charles Bernard, F. Herzberg, C. Argyris);

- nevamwe chikoro (muvambi - American E. Mayo).

History management rinosanganisira matanho shanu inokosha kudzora kukura, okutanga rinotanga kwezana remakore rechi20 uye rinobatana nenguva kwakabva chikoro management nesayenzi. The chidzoke of administrative chikoro Fayol ari ezana remakore rechi20 rokutanga chakaratidza Pazvinotanga kwechikuva rechipiri pakukura zvakanaka.

Panguva imwe chete nhoroondo zvemari utariri chinotanga muUnited States. The Second World War ine zvinokosha kukanganisa kukura management pfungwa, okutanga maviri makore kuguma zvakafanana wechitatu padariro Optimization management.

Inotevera Danho okukura management chekuita nesayenzi - zvepfungwa, riri kuwedzera. Nokuti rechishanu padariro pakukura zvakanaka (80s.) Kunoratidzwa kuwanikwa simba zvakadai mashandiro ari sezvo sangano marongerwo. Modern utariri Rinobatanidzwa ne kukura ano kombiyuta uye kushandisa michina inoshandiswa. Nhasi, nyaya asingadi kugumisa utariri, utariri sainzi anoramba ichishanduka uye kuvandudza.