Nyuchi dendere apo nyuchi kurarama

Shmeli kumiririra genus Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera) nyuchi mhuri. Nyika anoziva chete anenge 300 mhuka dzavo.

Species of genus Bombus, izvo zvinopfuura 80 vari mune zvinenge zvikamu zvose zvenyika, kunze Australia.

varipiko nyuchi uye sei kusika mhuri? Mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi ichapiwa munyaya.

nzvimbo

Where nyuchi kurarama? Zviri nyore kuti audze apo havasi kurarama. Anogona kuramba kupisa muviri wake akabvumira Zvipembenene izvi vagere kure kuchamhembe. Bumblebees pinda kuna Groenlândia, Chukotka, Alaska uye New Earth. Nei chando nemishonga nezvipembenene izvi? Ivo vanoonekwa ne kugona kwomuviri thermoregulation.

Uye panguva imwe chete saka iine haabvumiri kuti ndiwirirane munzvimbo dzinopisa. Bumblebees kurarama mu North America, North Eurasia, uye munzvimbo dzamakomo. Chete nezvemarudzi maviri nyuchi inowanikwa dzinopisa kweBrazil.

tsanangudzo pfupi zvipembenene

Bumblebees (kupikidura nyuchi) mumhuri Apidae, sezvo nguva honeybees.

Maererano nzira yavo youpenyu uye mamiriro muviri huru zvipembenene pedyo nyuchi. Zvisinei, mararamiro uye nezvigadziko zvakasiyana.

Vanhurume, kusiyana vakadzi, vane refu tunonzwa, sezvo ivo vari yakakura uye vane kushanda nyuchi copulatory mites.

Mutumbi hombe, kusvikira 3.5 masendimita refu, asi dzine akafukidza vhudzi. Ruvara Kubatana namavanga dema, tsvuku, chena yellow pamusoro.

Bottom, chena muviri chikamu inoguma duku, imperceptible ari kwagara mamiriro, rumborera. Hadzi tibia vane Spurs.

Nyuchi Meso iri rinenge riri chete mutsetse.

Sezvo dumbu uye kushanda vanhu vane seboka chimwe. Inoitwa brushes uye matengu.

The dumbu iri vanhurume yakakura uye vane rumborera, uyewo vashandi (mukadzi saibva).

Bumblebees - noushamwari Zvipembenene rumborera hariwanikwi chaizvo, tichienzanisa nyuchi. On makemikari anoumba nyuchi uturu, zvishoma zvinozivikanwa. Asina zvakakwana kudzidza.

Lifestyle, maitiro

Handizivi apo nyuchi kurarama? Bumblebees, kufanana nezvimwe zvipembenene kuti zvinoshingaira zvinenge zvose zhizha, asi mhando dzose iyi zvinosiyana. It zvinoenderana dzavo dzinogarisana (dzakakwirira kana yakaderera latitudes).

A maitiro kuchiitwa bumblebees, izvo chinosiyanisa nevamwe mukume (wasps uye nyuchi) - kuti vanokwanisa kushanda muchando (kuti vatore dakunanzva) pane imwe tembiricha kusvika 0 ° C. Panyaya iyi, uye vanoenda kune mamwe mukume kuchamhembe.

Miti avo kuti vanogara kure kuchamhembe, ane pfupi mwedzi mumwe-zhizha haisi nguva kutanga imwe mhuri uye kurarama ari oga nezvipembenene.

In ndima okunze vakasikwa muzhizha mhuri imwe upenyu. In dzinopisa nharaunda, mamwe marudzi perennial kuronga mhuri.

Asi apo nyuchi kugara muchando? Munguva iyi yavanogara pachivande matumba.

Dumbu nourume chando kunyanya muhunza dzavo akachera muvhu uye kuvaka matendere yechirimo.

How uye kupi dendere uye nyuchi mhenyu? Pane izvi zvinoshamisa nezvipembenene isingawanzowanikwi chinhu. Kusiyana nezvimwe zvipembenene mazana zvakafanana dzichiri nyuchi uye vanopiwa kuva nevakawanda kamuri. Saizvozvowo sero-isina hadzi pave mumatanda uchi pamwe nepfuma (bvunzo uchi) kuti nguva mamiriro okunze akaipa.

Features evanhu upenyu

Uyewo nyuchi, bumble nyuchi - paruzhinji nezvipembenene. Dzinoronga mhuri yakakura, dzinosvika kuna vanhu 200.

Munharaunda dzakadaro, apo nyuchi kurarama, pane yavaive zvinoshamisa pachena mabasa zvachose mumwe nhengo dzayo.

Zvakasikwa, hadzi kazhinji mazai 200-400 kuti zvinowana kushanda vanhu, zvino anotanga mazai, izvo kuva kubva vakadzi uye vanhurume.

Zhinji mhando vane zvinonzi vanamambokadzi diki (avhareji pakati dumbu uye kushanda vanhu). Ekupedzisira pamwe nevashandi uye zviduku navanamambokadzi kuvaka pokugara, vaunganidze uchi pamwe nepfuma (chikafu) akarara unfertilized mazai, izvo varume chete kutanga. Uye vokupedzisira mazai vakaisa kunze dumbu ratova vakaratidza dumbu itsva, iyo, akavapindurawo, vari nourume nevarume.

Yechando varipo chete dumbu yakare, sezvo akwegura achifa, munhurume, kushanda vanhu uye dumbu diki uye kufa. Ungano yose apararira.

Chii dendere kuti bumblebees? vari kupi nyuchi?

Nembeu dumbu, sezvo pamusoro apa, chando kunyanya zvanza akachera muvhu uye chete muchirimo, panguva nyungudika, kutanga kuvaka adzo. pokugara Uyu kwemashifiti denderedzwa masero aumba kubva gruff yakatsvukuruka kana shava wakisi. The dendere anoiswa pakati matombo pasi pasi chikwindi uye zvichingodaro. N.

Aiwanzoshandisa bumblebees nhuta kana makomba mbeva.

Kazhinji, chete wokutanga sero matendere wakaumbwa wakisi, uye ipapo sezvo masero aya akadurura pupae cocoons. All masero azara zvakare tsika uchi uye ruva guruva.

Kazhinji nyuchi matendere kusvikira vanhu 200, dzinenge - kukwira Ichokwadi kuti 500. kuti vanhu hazvizivi matendere pakuvapo kudziyisa dzaigona kutengwa ne nhamba mhuri uye 1000 vanhu.

Pfungwa kubereka, kudya

Zvinenge nguva yose muchibereko chemusikana kwezhizha mazai avo nembeu. Naizvozvo vari kushanda kunze, uye ipapo diki dumbu. Kazhinji, muchitokisi chimwe nechimwe, apo nyuchi kurarama, mazai akawanda akaitwa. Vamwe vakarangana mazana kufa nokuda nokushayiwa zvokudya.

Complete larval budiriro kunoitika mukati anenge 12 mazuva. Ipapo pachavo vakakosa mumwe nhumbana, apo dzikava pupae. Nguva iyi kunotora inenge 2 weeks.

Mazana of kukura iri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kukuvadza sero. A munhukadzi uye kushanda nevanhu vari kuramba kuti, kugadziriswa uye vachigadzira dzimba. Pashure pemazuva 30 dendere ndezvipi zviri kushanda nevanhu.

Sezvo nokusunungurwa vashandi rokutanga dendere nhamba yokurarama nokukurumidza kunowedzera. Uye zvokudya mumatanda vari pakazvimba, vari kushandiswa kuti achengetere vakasiya masero chinhu. Uye ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zviri bumblebees upenyu. Vari kumbobvira kuzodzosera kushandiswa sero kaviri nepfungwa kubvisa furaya. Naizvozvo, vatana matendere nguva dzose rakanaka poromoka chitarisiko. In akadaro chakasakara kuvaka masero matsva rezvipembenene pasina kuchengeta chero murayiro.

Vakaguta nezvipembenene nekita miti. Kuti vaite izvi, ivo vanounganidza kubva vachiita maruva akasiyana-siyana.

In mhedziso, zvishomanana zvinonakidza zvinhu nyuchi

• Kazhinji, nyuchi pamusoro inopisa mazuva zvinogona kuonekwa pamusuo mudendere, anopapamisa mapapiro. Nenzira iyi nayo ventilates ari slots.

• "Coat" bumble nyuchi rinobatsira anodziya - rinovatadzisa kupisa kurasikirwa uye anoderedza navo kaviri.

• nyuchi inokwanisa aimhanya akatizira kusvika 18 km / h.

• nyuchi uturu kusiyana nyuchi uturu haikuvadzi munhu, sezvo Tupukanana ichi haasiyi munhu rumborera mu ganda kwevanhu. Asi unogona dzinopfonda nguva zhinji.

• Pane bazi, inonzi shmelevodstvom, - kurera bumblebees kuti kurima (siyana pollinating zvirimwa kuwedzera goho ravo).