Oblomov uye Stolz: kuenzanisa mifananidzo

In ingano vanyori vanowanzoshandisa nzira zvinyorwa zvokupikisa. Ari zvakasiyana vatambi sezvo vatakuri vamwe pfungwa nouzivi upenyu. Kakawanda, munyori kana nyanduri Saka anomirira yayo maonero, nemanomano hinting kuti muverengi iri tsitsi dzavo pachinhu ichi kana kuti chimiro.

Mhandu uye protagonists

Vanyori Modern kazhinji kuomerera kazhinji akagamuchira format, apo mumwe nomumwe akanaka gamba (protagonist) ndiye girazi kuratidzwa akaipa ari chiso antagonist. anoitwa Izvi zvinoita basa nyore kunzwisisa vakawanda muverengi, asi schematization ane chinokosha urema: chakaipa zvachose kana unofadza muzvinhu zvose, vanhu muupenyu zvikuru isingawanzowanikwi, uye kana imi nyatsotarira, hamungatongogumburwi. Zvakaoma zvikuru, uye naizvozvo kunakidza ndiyo nyaya iri itsva I. A. Goncharova. Enzanisa Oblomov uye Stolz pakutanga kuona zvinoisa kune unequivocal kurambwa asingabatsiri aifungisisa nungo, asi sezvo Kuziviswa mifananidzo kuwedzera simba muverengi kufunga zvaitika uye unhu maviri evanhu. Uye zvinoitika kuti zvinhu hazvisi nyore.

Stolz somumiririri mberi capitalism

Sokunzwisiswa nezita, Andryusha Shtolts akaberekerwa mumhuri Russified vokuGermany. Vachisimbisa kuti, Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov anoratidza kwakajairika uchenjeri (vanhuwo maonero, nenzira, kusvikira nhasi) kuti basa nhau, zvekushandisa, kwouzivi nevamwe mberi munyika yedu reDare navatorwa, uye kubva Europe.

Pakutanga Russian vokuGermany akadana zvose, pasinei norudzi, nevashanyi Western. Asi zviri pachena kuti Andrew namadzibaba vaibva kunyika German. mai vake anenge hapana kuzivikanwa, asi kuti aiva Russian noblewoman. Kubvira pauduku, upenyu yakasiyana nevakomana. Oblomov uye Stolz dzidzisa zvakasiyana. Baba-German kunoita kukura kwayo kuchinja. Anoda mwanakomana kufanana naye. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitika chido anenge ose madzibaba, hapana chinoshamisa ipapo. Akadzidzisa kuti kubudirira kunoitwa basa. Izvi zvinokosha upenyu musimboti (anozivikanwa, sezvinei, kwete chete vokuGermany) mauto kuva kuomesa uye kunoda kushanda. Baba vanoda kwete chete mwanakomana wake, akadzidzisa kwaari zvose anoziva uye anoziva pacharo. Izvi zvinorumbidzwa, mubereki anogona kuva muenzaniso inoshanda, asi pfungwa yacho kuti pane zvinhu mabhuku asina kunyorwa kuti kunzwisisa. Zvino kune antipodes maviri, Oblomov uye Stolz. Kuenzanisa vanoshingaira German uye Russian simbe - yaanofarira nyaya majee, uye muna vose munyika. Tinoda kuva chibhende pamusoro wake upenzi, uye muGermany nomufaro kusimbisa zvakanaka unhu National hunhu.

Oblomov

Enzanisa Stolz uye Oblomov haisi chinangwa, kana asina kufunga peculiarities edzidzo mwana vakomana vaviri. Kana Andriusha baba vakaramba kwake uye akadzidzisa zvose chii chaigona, ipapo Ilya, Ukuwo, akapedza makore ake okutanga yomufaro mukuru ine kuzvivaraidza. Chokwadi ichi oga kwakakomba kurwadzisa kuti dzidziso dzinokosha German kunyatsoshanda, sezvo yedu vanoremekedzwa "dzokumadokero" vemazera ose. Zvinogoneka kuti magene hunhu uye vakawana rokumusoro ruoko, asi mukana kumusoro kuti, agamuchira dzidzo yakadaro, uye Andrew angadai vakarera kukanda mapfumo pasi. Kuda kuita zvakapararira munzvimbo kutambudzika ezvinhu, inozivikanwa kuti wepfungwa ose. Naizvozvo, akachenjera mudzidzisi kunyange risina makore pauduku pave "kurovedza" kunetsana ezvinhu kuitira kuti vave chimiro simba pakati vamiririri kuchizvarwa chevechiduku. Kana zvose zvakanaka, zvino vanoedza chinhu, uye achaita atrophy. Kunyange zvakadaro, Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, zvakare, vane zvakanaka hunhu husina. Ane mutsa uye akachenjera nenzira yake, nomutorwa kwaari maturo uye kuzvikudza, ane njere zvakajeka kwavakanga muupenyu, kuti ndizvo zvakarurama nokuzviremekedza.

ushamwari

Kune zvakawanda zvinoshamisa muupenyu hwedu. An mufananidzo pfungwa iyi Goncharov kuti yokufungidzira inogona ushamwari Stolz uye Oblomov. Zvakapesana zvinokwezva panyama mananara, uye mamiriro ezvinhu. Mumwe nomumwe vevatambi chokurondedzera ari kutsvaka kwake komuredhi chinhu chinoshaikwa naye. Zvakakwana Ile Ilichu chinhu ndinoda kufanana Andrei Ivanovich, kunyange asiri zvose. Uye Stolz runako kudanana tsitsi (sezvineiwo, mumwe unhu National German) komuredhi ake. Muiti wechokwadi, unotya hope uye funga akafanana yakarurama mutsetse, uye zvikurukuru, kazhinji havana kufunga zvakakwana kuti vabudirire kwechokwadi. Uyezve, kubudirira mubhizimisi, kuwana yakakwirira munzanga, kuti munhu anowana pachake panguva pfungwa kuti mufaro akanga asina kuwanikwa. Asi ichi ndimo zvinoreva upenyu nerimwe. Ita Oblomov anofara? Enzanisa Stolz uye Oblomov hunoratidza kuti mumwe nomumwe vacho vane matambudziko makuru muupenyu, iyo ivo dzimwe nguva kunyange asina kufunga.

algorithms maitiro

Man anoziva kana iye aine matambudziko atorwe. Zvakakwana tinoita zvakasiyana kuchinja muupenyu ezvinhu Oblomov uye Stolz. Kuenzanisa maitiro tsika mamwe masoja maviri kuongorora mwero hanya yemadzibaba kwakaratidzwa German Ivan (Johann?) To mwanakomana wake panguva yake kurerwa. In kuyaruka jaya akapiwa zvizhinji anobatsira ruzivo pamusoro nyika. Asi, pasinei kwavo hurongwa, ivo aimiririra seti zvokusarudza kuti zviito, vakasarudzwa kubva zvombo asi sezvakanga wedzimba anowana kiyi iri boka. In nemakore zviitiko zvinorondedzerwa, zvichida, akadaro nzira anoruramiswa pacharo, sezvo Stolz akakwanisa kuva muzvinabhizimisi aibudirira uye kubudirira. Uyezve, kufarira uye yezvakaita ukama kuti dzave yakabatana Oblomov uye Stolz. Ushamwari hwavo kubva pauduku kwaibva kuziva ndiro rine chokwadi Andrew.

Maererano Oblomov, maitiro ari algorithm racho akaderedzwa kurerutsa kufunganya uye kusagadzikana. Haana kuda kudzidzisa, asi haana kuda kudzidza chinhu. Kuva mumwe murume akadzidza, iye chokwadi inoshanda yeruzivo yaunganidzwa navo, vachifunga kuti Vakamutsamwisa chinhu nenzira kwayo youpenyu.

Women uye magamba

Avete pamubhedha, zvakaoma kuva kubudirira chete vakadzi. Mashoko aya haringanzi akapokana, asi mugumo waiva mukana uye Ile Ilichu, ane dandadzo waunofarira chaiwo ichi basa. Olga Ilinskaya, vaduku uye dzakanaka, pasinei zhinji absurdities maitiro Oblomov (kana zvichida nokuda kwavo, anonzwisisa hadzi mweya?) Akadonha anoda usina kufukidzwa gamba. Young n'anga zvakafanana uye Andrei Ivanovich, asina kuzviita kukosha pakutanga kusvikira nemakwikwi ichi, asi, achiona chokwadi chake, akakwanisa kuti vavimbezve ravo nyasha. Enzanisa Oblomov uye Stolz ari akapoteredza undere kwevanhu asingadi muchifarira chechipiri, asi norudo, sezvo hondo, zvose nzira dzakanaka. Saka, vanenge, taurai vokuEurope, kunyanya French. Kuzengurira Ivana Ilicha, senguva dzose, aishanda pamusoro pake. Oblomov akawana mufaro nomumwe mukadzi, zvimwe kuti mukuru zvakadini zvakakodzera, Agafia Pshenitsyn, kunyange asina senyanga sezvo Olga, asi wakadzikama uye hanya.

Kusawirirana uye zvakafanana

Pane pfungwa yakasimba yokuti AI mukutarisana Oblomov Goncharov unoshora zvinonyadzisa muchiso zvousimbe, inertia uye inertia wokuRussia kwamachinda. Kana tikatevera pfungwa iyi, ipapo mufananidzo Stolz rinosanganisa kufambira mberi zvinotarisirwa kuti hwava wechipfuwo guta (mushure zvose, pakupedzisira, ndiko, pasinei zita German, Russian murume akanga zvakare). Zvinoita sokuti, zvisinei, kuti vaumbi vaida amuudze zvimwe yokufungidzira, uye akabudirira. zvakapesana Not vakadaro vaiva Oblomov uye Stolz. Characterization wenyika ino Iley Ilichom "rokunyika dandadzo" kungatikanganisa chaizvo uye zvisiri. Haana kuda kugara patafura kadhi, nokungotaura pamusoro chinhu, kuziva kuti pane chinhu. Iye anopa kune aifungisisa mafungiro kurutivi nyika uye kwete mapenzi. The zvakafanana. Oblomov uye Stolz chido zvose kurara. Just muchiroto wokutanga pavo zvakananga chaizvo, mumuviri, uye wechipiri - tsika. Panguva iyoyowo, Ilya Ilyich vachiziva zvavo harmfulness dzezvakaipa, anoti nezvazvo shamwari yake, tichiziva yake kusabetsera pakurwisa usimbe. Andrey pamusoro okuzvibatsira kutsoropodzwa asingagoni.

Oblomov apo kuenda?

Uye chii chinonyanya akasiyana Oblomov uye Stolz? Tikaenzanisa sokuti pachena. Mumwe nguva dzose nhema uye mumwe ari kugara zvitange. Oblomov haadi kunyange kunzwa pamusoro Zvinotaurwa chikwereti, anoda kunyora neurongwa zvimwe mhando kuti vavakezve pachavo Estates dzavo, achiuya kuderera, asi nguva dzose ini nehope, uye haana kutanga chidzidzo ichi. Stolz ndiyo nguva mumugwagwa, vainyanya mhiri kwemakungwa. Anodana chete uye mumwe, achitarisira kuti zviri kuitika munyika kure achamutsira rinokosha basa. Ilya Ilyich hakuna kukurumidza kuenda kumwe, akanga ari nyika yake yaakaberekerwa zvakanaka, kunyanya panguva iyo iri apo muupenyu hwangu pachake chava kuchinja. Nenzira, shamwari mbiri havasi vechiduku, ivo matatu (semuenzaniso, "mutana" Karenina NdiTolstoy aiva makore asingasviki 50). Pamwe kodzero asingadi Fuss Oblomov akwegura ...

Ndiani zvikuru?

Kana tikafunga itsva sezvo basa Conceptual Goncharova, here zvingaderedzwa kuti kushora typecasting akadai Oblomov uye Stolz. Achienzanisa pavo maererano enyika zvoupfumi zvinoratidza nani pachena yezviri musimboti pamusoro zvarisingazivi uye munhu akangomira mararamiro. Imwe nguva dzose nemabasa, kuita kutevedzera zvakanaka "tsvuku dzakaita murume," kumuka panguva matanhatu tifambirane pachako Utsanana jimunasitikisi. Yechipiri nhema limply Inokurukurawo matambudziko ouzivi pasina kunetseka nezveramangwana. Runobatsira vanhu Stolz. Asi unogona zvose kuva akafanana naye? Uye zvakakodzera?

On rusununguko

Ini ndaverengazve usingafi yokufungidzira kubudikidza I. A. Goncharova uye dzinoongorora nayo nemaonero mufashoni mune dzimwe zvikamu ano nzanga sunungukei pfungwa, vanogona kuuya gangaidzo mhedziso kuti Oblomov zviri zvimwe kuratidzwa "vakasununguka ukoshi". "Dzokumadokero" Stolz uye vaivaremekedza "yero vanhu" basa kusimbisa upfumi pamba nyika, asi Oblomov anorarama woga, pasina kukanganisa munhu, pasina kuda kuchengetedza seboka zvakanaka. Eya, haana kuberekwa murwi, ungaitei ... Regai kundiona kana tormoshat ake, kunyange kana kukaitwa kubva ushamwari vavariro. It inyaya rusununguko, uye munhu wose anorarama nenzira yaanoda.

Akafa achiri muduku, kutonga nezvinooneka chinyorwa pamusoro yokufungidzira, vasati ramakumi mana okuberekwa. Akaparadza I. I. Oblomova pachena hakuvaki mararamiro, nokungwaririra vakasarudzwa naye pashure zvokurambana pamwe Olga. Izvi zvakare tazvisarudzira, kunyange nomunhu kumunzwira tsitsi.