The viscosity mvura

Tisati tataura pamusoro ehupfumi mvura, zvakafanira kuti kubata pfungwa "mvura." Imvura yakajeka, iyo kakawanda haina hunhu ruvara kana kwakanaka. Kana mvura zvinoenda mumwe mumuviri mamiriro, anoumba nomukaka zviri kunzi chando, chando (hwakasimba state) kana chiutsi (gaseous state). Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vakafukidza vanopfuura 70% pakati pemvura Pasi - zviri marudzi ose mumakungwa uye nyanza, nzizi, madziva, mazitombo echando uye dzimwe hydrological zvinhu.

Mvura chinhu solvent simba iro pasi dzinongoitika ezvinhu unotora munhu muzvizhinji kuti chicherwa munyu uye magasi akasiyana-siyana. Kana isu kutaura mumuviri ayo ehupfumi, ipapo pakarepo pfungwa dzedu kuti kunyunguduka chando kunowedzera arambe achirema kwayo, apo dzimwe zvinhu zvakafanana kwacho ndizvo chaizvo zvakasiyana.

The chikuru chepfungwa ndiyo mvura viscosity. Roga, simba - kukwanisa upi pfuma (kana mvura, gasi kana muviri chakasimba) kugovera nemishonga panguva kufamba pamusoro particulate zvinhu panyaya mumwe. Nyaya iyi inogona kuva marudzi maviri - hombe uye tangential. Volume viscosity - ndiye anokwanisa ane fuma kuti tensile simba. Kunoratidza pachayo iri Mashoko inzwi mumvura, kana ultrasonic mafungu. Tangential zvizere viscosity mvura kukwanisa kudzivisa fura.

Kana vanotsvakurudza havawanzoiti viscosity mvura, kwakaonekwa kuti kurwisa kuti pfuma kana rwakatambanudzwa uye inochinja kunoenderana kumhanya kufamba tudonhwe akasiyana akaturikidzana ose Urume. Kana rukoko zvinofamba mhanyisa, anoita pamusoro paiva kunonoka, asi kuwedzera simba iri actuated. Kana zvose zviri chaizvo zvakashandurwa, rwunotanga kushandisa braking simba. The pamusoro Kuedza tinotungamirirwa panguva tangent kuna hukawanika ari akaturikidzana.

Maererano nomutemo Newton kuti ane nzira τ = μ dυ / dn, maererano izvo womukati kukweshera simba Proportional kuti velocity gradient achitevedza kuipa uye matambudziko nzvimbo. Kana vanoti frictional simba kuti nzvimbo iri akaenzana kubatana, isu zvino kuwana yokuvevura kunetseka iri mvura kuti akasarudzwa muna pamusoro payakavakirwa.

Panewo pfungwa dzakadai kinematic viscosity mvura. Ivo yakadana simba coefficient reshiyo (μ) kuti wasarudza Urume arambe achirema (ρ). In nzira yemaitiro aya achava sezvinotevera: ν = μ / ρ.

The viscosity mvura panguva dzakasiyana tembiricha kuchinja, i.e. coefficient ayo tsika kudukupiswa muwanze tembiricha. Saka, kukumikidza viscosity nemvura munyu achava siyanei kubva itsva coefficient. Pakuverenga musiyano pakati indekisi kuchaita-chinja mukati vanenge 5%.

Mumwe anogona kumbotipa Masvomhu zvakawanda, asi hazvina maturo, sezvo mukuru acho akanga zvambotaurwa. The viscosity nemvura tsanangudzo anogona siyana, tisingatauri in aggregation kwenyaya. Data Ava kukosha avhiyesheni uye shipbuilding uye dzimwe maindasitiri.

Pane tafura chaiwo kuona viscosity mvura panguva dzakasiyana tembiricha ezvinhu. Izvi zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa kwete dzidziso asiwo uchidzidzira. The tafura ine mashoko ari zvikamu 5 inegumi, kubvira 5 uye anopera madhigirii 100, izvo hwezvekukurukurirana zvikuru upenyu vadzidzisi uye vadzidzi panguva ugari.

Chimwe parameter inokosha - kukumikidza kinematic viscosity mvura, ainzi rechipiri viscosity (vhoriyamu) - iri hunhu volumetric compression deformation. It inoita basa rinokosha mune attenuation inzwi uye achidzikisa kuvhunduka mafungu.