Romanticism uye realism - kupfuura kuitika mabhuku

Chakajeka mabhuku kuitika, iyo yakasvika Parainge mumabhuku wokuRussia muzana remakore rechi19, pamwe zvakaenzana vakawanda vateveri, vachinyanya nharo nemumwe - ichi romanticism uye realism. Pakatarisana zvakasikwa, zvakadaro hatigoni kutaura kuti chimwe chinhu ndechechokwadi zviri nani pane mumwe. Vose vari chinokosha mabhuku.

romanticism

Romanticism Somunyori sangano yakabuda muGermany 18-19 emakore. Akakurumidza akahwina rudo mune mabhuku yeChina muEurope uye America. Mukuru maruva kuti romanticism yakasvika yokutanga yezana remakore rechi19.

Nzvimbo huru iri kudanana mabasa vakazvipira unhu, uko kunoratidzwa kuburikidza muhondo gamba uye nzanga. Akabatsirawo kupararira muitiro uyu, French Revolution. Nokudaro, dzorudo akava pachena pane kwaita pfungwa mbiri chikonzero, sainzi.

pfungwa dzakadaro dzidzo sokuti vateveri vake udyire, callousness. Chokwadi, kusagutsikana yakafanana yakanga sentimentalism, asi yakanga iri Romanticism kunoratidzwa zvakajeka zvikuru.

Romanticism aipikisa classicism. Zvino, munyori anopa wakakwana rokusika rusununguko, mukusiyana kune urongwa pakuona dzenhoroondo mabasa. mutauro chaiko, uyo akanyora kudanana mabasa, aiva nyore, zvinonzwisisika kuti muverengi ose, mukusiyana kune florid, zvakare vanokudzwa dzenhoroondo mabasa.

Zvinoumba romanticism

1. The protagonist pamusoro uchidanana mabasa aifanira kuva kwakaoma, vazhinji-kuzviitirwa unhu, kuwana zvose zviitiko zvichizoitika kwaari, unopinza, yakadzika, chaizvo mupfungwa. kutsamwa, pakadzika magumo hunhu, asinganzwisisiki nyika ino yomukati.
2. The kudanana Mabasa kwagara kushorwa pakati yakakwirira uye zvakaipa kuchiva, mafeni uyu muitiro aifarira chero kuratidzwa manzwiro, vakatsvaka kunzwisisa mamiriro avo mavambo. Vanonyanya kufarira yomukati nyika evanhu uye zvakaitika.
3. Shona ndebele aigona kusarudza chero nguva zviito kuti yokufungidzira ake. It akatanga romanticism yose pamwe netsika kuMiddle Ages. Kufarira munhau kunobatsira vanyori kusika noutano mabasa avo, azadzwa nomudzimu nguva, zvavakanga akanyora.

realism

Realism - chaicho sangano umo vanyori vakatsvaka sei zvechokwadi kuratidza chokwadi mumabasa avo. Asi ichi ndicho zvakaoma chaizvo basa, nokuti chaizvo tsanangudzo "chokwadi", chiratidzo chaicho munhu wose. Kazhinji zvangoitikawo kuti achiedza kunyora chete chokwadi munyori aifanira kunyora zvinhu zvingava zvinopesana zvaanotenda.

Hapana munhu anogona kunyatsotaura kuti kana akaita mirayiridzo iyi, asi zviri kukurukurwa rimwe tanga dzenzvimbo. zvinhu ayo novimba maduramazwi nhoroondo nguva nayo ikarapwa. Naizvozvo, mukuru chikabviswa ane Kufungisisa yakarurama chokwadi.

dzidzo

Romanticism uye Realism vakatarisana nenguva, kana mune musoro mirayiridzo akatanga kudzora pfungwa yedzidzo. Panguva iyi, mabhuku rava mhando kudzidziswa kuti vanhu kuti socio-Bourgeois chimurenga. All mabasa wemagamba kungoonekwa chete kubva nemaonero yenjere, saka zvakanaka vatambi - ndicho pachake chikonzero, uye akaipa - kutyora mitemo wacho, uncultured kuuya musoro.

Munguva iyi realism kwakaonekwa subspecies ake:

• Chirungu musoro nganonyorwa;
• yakaoma realism.

Chokwadi kuti vamiririri Romanticism chaiva chiito callousness, realists kunzwisisa sezvo ndaisagona chiito. Mukupesana, rusununguko chiito, yakavatevera magamba enganonyorwa, akatsoropodza vamiririri realism.

Romanticism uye realism muchiRussia mabhuku remakore rechi19 (pfupi)

nzvimbo idzi hadzisi akaponesa uye Russia. Romanticism uye Realism mumabhuku remakore rechi19 kuRussia kuuya pakurwa, zvinotora nzvimbo mumatanho akawanda:

• Kuchinja kubva romanticism kusvikira realism, waimira somunhu kumboitika maruva kuti dzekare mabhuku uye kwayo kuzivikanwa pasi pose;
• "Diarchy chaiko" - imwe nguva apo Union uye pakurwisa romanticism uye realism akauya mabasa makuru mabhuku uye kwete mudukusa hachishandi guru, akabvumira kuti funga remakore rechi19 mumabhuku Russian "zvendarama."

VeMubatanidzwa Romanticism muRussia kwakakonzerwa kukunda mune Hondo 1812, izvo zvakakonzera pamagariro evanhu zvikuru. Chokwadi, romanticism vasingagoni zvakazadza nepfungwa yacho Decembrists rusununguko, izvo zvakasikwa dzakasiyana zvechokwadi mabasa, izvo anoratidza womukati mamiriro vanhu Russian. Unonyanya unoshamisa, anozivikanwa vamiririri Romanticism ndiyo A. S. Pushkin (detembo akanyorwa litseistsky nguva uye "wokumaodzanyemba" nhetembo), M. Yu. Lermontov, V. Zhukovsky, F. I. Tyutchev, N. A. Nekrasov ( mangwanani mabasa).

Munguva 30s riri kuwedzera realism apo vanyori inoratidza chokwadi yokuvamba kwezvokufuka, mutauro wakajeka, yakarurama uye Chinomufadza ziso kwevanhu uye magariro zvakaipa, nokuvadadira. Muvambi mirayiridzo iyi anonzi A. S. Pushkin ( "Eugene Onegin", "Belkin"), pamwe dzisiri zvishoma matarenda vanatenzi ari mudanga, akadai N. V. Gogol ( "Vakafa Mweya"), Stepanov . Turgenev ( "Noble dendere", "Madzibaba uye Sons"), L. N. NdiTolstoy (guru basa "Hondo uye rugare", "Anna Karenina"), F. M. Dostoevsky ( "Utsotsi uye kurangwa", "The Brothers Karamazov "). Uye hazvibviri kwete kunyora pamusoro shasha pfupi, asi zvinoshamisa vapenyu nyaya uye anoridza A. P. chehova.

Romanticism uye realism - kunopfuura mabhuku kuitika, ndiko - mafungiro, mararamiro. Nokuda vanyori makuru unokwanisa kupindira shure iyoyo, kunyika mumhepo kuti nezvaiva panguva. "Age Golden" mabhuku Russian chaauya nyika mabasa makuru izvo zvinofanira kuverengwa zvakare uye zvakare.