Rumbabvu - ichi chivako Gothic manyorerwo?

Vatariri kuburikidza Europe yekare, muna chero remirayiridzo ugumburwe pamusoro kukokwa kushanyira Gothic chechi iyi kunyanya guta. Nakidzwa kunaka avo vashoma, uchaona kwete chete kufanana siyana, izvo zvine musoro, asi yakawanda vakawanda kuurayiwa mashoko.

Gothic akitekicha

Nokushandiswa manyorerwo ichi vakatanga kuvaka yose kuvakwa kubva pamugumo XII remakore uye akaramba potse kusvikira pakutanga XVI. Saka, nokuti anenge mana emakore, vavaki uye ezvivako nenzira isingaoneki achitovabatsira kunatsiridza unyanzvi zvisikwa.

Zviri chechi Gothic yaiva nzvimbo kushandiswa chaikwo akarongeka uye geometrical zivo nezvizvarwa.

Akapiwa kusakwana zvigadzirwa, kuvakwa ainyanya yakanonoka akawanda emakore uye dzimwe nguva kunyange mazana emakore. Society panguva iyoyo tisingakwanisi sokunonoka zvakadaro kukura upenyu hwechitendero. Saka, basa kunotanga makore pakutanga kuvakwa achangopera tsvene nzvimbo kwaya yakavakwa mangwanani.

Chakatishamisa okuti "Gothic" pakutanga akaberekwa sezvo utsinye, uye akarondedzera maonero zvose ufuza uye ausingazivi. Zvisinei, nokufamba kwenguva izvozvo kumhuka uye raishandiswa kutsunga vezvitendero chitendero zvidavado.

Zvinosanganisira zvokuzvivaraidza mapurani kwakadaro: yokutanga, vakura uye mushakabvu Gothic. Vamwe matsime munoti New Gothic somutsivi kusvika Gothic chaiwo.

Ndezvipi chikuru zvinhu Gothic mapurani? Chokutanga, zviri mbabvu uye kubhururuka buttresses, uye mbiru kutsigira namaberere.

Rumbabvu - anozivikanwa wakananga yokufeva, uye achibhururuka buttresses vane rakashama poluarki.

Exterior masvingo mudungwe pamwe akaoma nezvishongo uye zvivezwa. A chiedza akatevera nepamahwindo makuru inlaid pakuparadzwa Stained magirazi mahwindo.

Mbabvu ari mapurani akagadzirirwa aivabatsira uye kuwedzera iine hwindo mawindo. Mune ramangwana, zano akatanga kushandiswa mune ndege indasitiri.

The subtext pamusoro Gothic mapurani

Zhinji kupenyerera goridhe uye kubhururuka mudenga spiers akazivisa chido ari munhu kudenga, uye vakashumira sechiyeuchidzo vezvitendero wezwi zvivako. All mapurani zvinhu zvaiva wokufananidzira, kunyange chinangwa chitsvene.

Zvakananga chechi Gothic waimirira muchadenga. A decoration chaikosha akadai Gothic akasimuka - Wheel pamusoro Fortune, iyo inotaura kutenderera nguva.

Chiedza kuuya kuburikidza yakasvibiswa-magirazi mahwindo, ane nokutungamirira kwaMwari. Litsezreem Stained girazi, rufu anoparadzanisa kubva mumuviri zvinhu nyika, uye ari mune zvokunamata.

Rumbabvu - ndiyo huru huchashandiswa inokosha pfungwa akaratidza gothic mavakirwo chido yetemberi (muchadenga) kumusoro.

Mbabvu mu akitekicha ano

Rumbabvu - iri akatakura arcs zviri muchimiro denderedzwagama kuitira kubvisa mutoro kwakaitwa nzvimbo uye masvingo. In yaro yepakutanga chimiro inogona kuwanikwa chete yekare uye Gothic zvivakwa yavakanga vavaka zvachose kuti zvikuru sliced Tsanga yacho yaichekwa mhiri pakona zvidhina.

Asi Handitendi kuti mukadzi nembabvu ichitova kusisipozve! Zvichida izwi pachayo yakati kubva kushandiswa. Dzimwe nguva vanoshandisa shoko rokuti "nemakadhibhokisi subsystem" pachinzvimbo.

In akitekicha ano chinowanzoonekwa rakagadzirwa zvidhinha ave Arch katatu. Rumbabvu anogona kuva kongiri, chiso zvidhina sanitized. Nervyurny rakatenderera anonziwo feni.

Sezvineiwo, panguva ino hapana PANE atrium hakusi pasina yembabvu mudziyo, iro rinowanzoshandurwa yakagadzirwa marata.

Nervyurny rakatenderera ainziwo dzinoshandisa kuti anokonzerwa anozivikanwa chitarisiko. Ndokusaka nhasi nerumbabvu - haisi chete dzichipfekeka zvinoriumba. It rinowanzoshandiswa kushongedza.

Flying buttresses mu mapurani

Kushandiswa kubhururuka buttresses inoita zvikuru kwazvo kuderedza kukura yomunyika zvitsigiso, mukanyanyisa hwindo mawindo maberere zvaiva.

Kunyange kare havana kugovana chete Gothic mapurani, asi ivo vave kushandiswa ipapa, kare Byzantine uye Romanesque zvivako.

Chakatishamisa zvinobhururuka buttresses zvaishandiswa kunyange akwegura mazano Russian Somuenzaniso, paivakwa yakakurumbira Kiev Lavra.

Nhasi, ari kushandisa ndege buttresses mu mapurani ano - ndicho Kusara pane mutemo. Zvisinei, vachiri kushandiswa senzira decoration Kufananidzira kana kubereka mutoro-zvivako kuti kuderedza mutoro pamusoro pezviri mabheyaringi.

Gothic werudzii munyika yanhasi

Nhasi, Gothic rinowanzoshandiswa kuwanikwa kushongedzwa omukati. Sezvo Gothic manyorerwo kunoda nzvimbo huru, kazhinji rinoshandiswa mune kushongedzwa nyika dzimba.

Mahwindo yokufeva anoshandiswa kusika chikuru Vhoriyamu nzvimbo. The yepakutanga wezvidimbu anotarira zvisingabatsiri banal windowpanes. Kuti aite izvi, unogona kushandisa wakagadzirira akagadzirwa Stained-magirazi mahwindo kuti kutevedzera manyorero yeMiddle Ages, kana kurayira dzakaunganidzwa Stained magirazi noruoko.