Sei Ukraine ainzi Ukraine? History of Ukraine

Sei Ukraine ainzi Ukraine? Zita nyika iri pakutanga vakanzwa okupedzisira kota regumi namaviri remakore. nguva yokutanga yakanga anotaurwa munhoroondo opus "The zvakaedza yakapfuura Years", apo munyori inotiudza rufu Prince Vladimir Pereyaslav Glebovich muna 1187. Inoti, "vakamuchema Pereyaslavets zvose ... Behind kwaari, Ukraine neshungu kwazvo." basa iri akazivisa pfungwa "Ukraine", nyaya musoro uye munyika kukura. Uye makore maviri gare gare, muna 118 m, rakachengetedzwa pamusoro Prince Rostislav, uyo wakaripira kushanyirwa "kuUkraine Galicia".

Mubvunzo muUkraine

Sei Ukraine ainzi Ukraine? mubvunzo uyu ane masayendisiti refu kufarira, asi mhinduro yakajeka haisi nhasi. Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vakatsanangurira kwakabva shoko "pamucheto" - Remote kubva muzinda chimedu nharaunda, kumucheto musha kumucheto - Muganhu nharaunda. Nemamwe mashoko - nyika, kubva pakunzi Krajina zvavo yechizvarigo, riri pedyo mumweya kunyika, yechizvarigo. Kwakabva zita Ukraine ane midzi siyana.

Heino imwe pfungwa - Ukraine, kufanana, rinobva pashoko "ukrayat" (akagura). Nemamwe mashoko, zvinoreva shoko Ukraine sezvo zita ehurumende - munda, ukrayany (vakatema) kubva yose, iyo nokukurumidza akava mumwe-chidimbu (akasununguka nyika).

Pane shanduro dzakasiyana. Kwakabva zita Ukraine chokuita mashoko: pamucheto Krajina (nyika). Kunyange pasina pachena kubatana. Kana akaita zita Ukraine? Pane pfungwa dzakasiyana. Sezvo masayendisiti akadzidza kwakabva zita - hazvizivikanwi, asi chirongwa kwaita pfungwa "Ukraine" kwave refu uye akanga nzendo dzakawanda.

Edge pachinzvimbo sabhabha

Shoko "unopinza" ne ukoshi "chidimbu, munda," kubvira pamazuva mutauro Old kwechiSlavonic. Nhasi, shoko iri rinowanikwa mumitauro yakawanda necheSalvic, nekuti marudzi necheSalvic ave nyika anotsaura zvakasikwa miganhu - rwizi, dondo, murove. Nekuti shoko iri raivawo chinokosha - Muganhu kundima, mavambo kana magumo panyika yemadzinza.

Vasvika zita Ukraine, zvinofadza chaizvo. In Old kwechiSlavonic nguva akaberekwa shoko Krajina (nyika) mukukosha - nharaunda rwevharanda rudzi. Next shoko "pamucheto" mumutauro necheSalvic wekare aivapo shoko "chakabiwa", izvo zvinoreva - vatema chigamba chidimbu kure wenyika, zvakanyanyisa Muganhu nharaunda worudzi iri kure.

Krajina

Asi nei Ukraine ainzi Ukraine? Mubvunzo unofadza zvikuru. Yakanga chete gare gare pakati vokumabvazuva Slavs nokutaura "zvakabiwa" pedyo suffix -muna Ukraine paiva shoko zvaikosha - munda kure, mumaruwa wedzinza. Muna VI-VIII remakore, munguva Russ Powers achizadza mashoko "Krajina", uye Ukraine zvachinja. Asi nei Ukraine ainzi Ukraine? Shoko "Krajina" by ukoshi - nokukurumidza nyika yorudzi, akatanga kureva - nyika feudal weutungamiriri, uye ipapo - nyika Rus. Naizvozvo achinja uye rokuti kweshoko Ukraine: nzvimbo hwokupinda - distal chikamu yerudzi panyika, zviri ukoshi - a contiguous chikamu nyika feudal weutungamiriri, uye ipapo - chikamu kunyika Rus.

kweutongi

In feudal nguva Kievan Rus kana akatanga kuva vakanyarara kubva Duchy, shoko "Ukraine" yasvika kureva "kwavabati". Ngatitarisei zvose zvakafanana, umo rakasvika zita Ukraine. Masayendisiti ane zvakasiyana manzwisisire shoko Ukraine: Kiev kumuganhu pamwe nharaunda nenyika Pereiaslav nyika, zita remadunhurirwa ari Ukraine nokuti bordered pamusoro Polovtsian nyika; kufanana Russia sezvinoita aivapo yoga ukuru; sezvinoita zvose zvachose Kievan Rus. Asi, Ungangove, sahwira rinonzi Ukraine chete Pereyaslavskaya pasi. Just regai nokuti riri pamuganhu chete Polovtsian inowanzorimwa, uye nokuda kuti paiva yoga kweutongi, imwe yoga nyika (Krajina).

Ukraine - nyika

Country zita Ukraine, kuti nyika, akazviratidza panguva. Zvino, kuwedzera Pereyaslavska Ukraine Ukraine vakanga vakasiyana huripo ukuru nemamwe akazvimirira Ukraine. Ukraine pano mupfungwa munyika - Pereyaslavskaya nyika Kiev nyika uye zvichingodaro.

Unonzi kubva yaMakoronike, hunoti "Prince Rostislav kubhadhara kushanya kuUkraine, Galicia uye kubva ipapo vakaenda Galich." Kuti shoko "Ukraine" raireva yoga nyika, ari oga kweutongi, zvakangonaka kuonekwa kubva panguva rondedzero.

History of Ukraine akati kuti pamwe shoko "Ukraine" akararama uye shoko "kumahombekombe" - chikamu muganhu yemadzinza nyika. Mashoko aya haana kureva chinhu chimwe, asi zvakasiyana zvaanoreva: "Ukraine" (Zita State) - iri diki chikamu nyika yorudzi, "kumucheto" - iri nechokumuganhu nyika yorudzi, uye ipapo feudal hugota.

Lithuania uye Poland

Sezvo hafu remakore XIV muzvizhinji umambo hwose Kiev Rus, icho gare gare vakaumba wokuUkraine vanhu, uyai pasi muridzi Lithuania uye Poland. Kubvira ipapo, zita muUkraine uye kwave kureva nzvimbo wawira pasi simba iri. Under Lithuania vaiva chernihiv, Kyiv, Pereiaslav uye vakawanda Volyn weutungamiriri, uye akadana zvose Lithuania Ukraine nePoland vaiva pasi Galich, Volyn uye chikamu nyika yainzi Polish Ukraine.

Nokuuya munyika Dnieper Cossacks vakadanwa Cossack Ukraine. History of Ukraine nezvazvo inoti iri rwiyo - "o makomo, mumipata, pasi Cossack Ukraine ..."

Khmelnitsky

Munguva yehondo pakati Ukrainians pamusoro Poles achitungamirirwa Bogdana Hmelnitskogo (Makore 1648-1654) Ukraine Zaporozhye akadana kwete chete nyika, asi vose Dnieper. Ungangove, kubvira panguva ino Ukraine adana yose nyika. Zvadaro zita iri kupararira kune East necheSalvic nyika, uyewo Slobozhanschyna kuti nguva shoma akanzi Sloboda Ukraine. A wokumavirira nyika kwenguva refu vakadanwa Rus ', asi nokukurumidza akava zita chizvarwa kuUkraine vanhu vose vemadzinza Ukrainians mamiriro.

History weshoko

Ukraine - apo zita rinobva izvozvo? pakupedzisira The yepakutanga Pfungwa enzvimbo Ukraine kuva National pfungwa, izvo vakabatana pamwe chete munyika dzakadai Polissia Sivershchyna, Sloboda, ari Donets Basin, Gungwa Black nharaunda, Volyn, Podolia, Bukovina Carpathian uye Transcarpathia.

Saka zvinokosha zvikuru kuti Ukrainians yakanga kuti shoko "Ukraine" rinoreva zita renyika, akasikwa Bogdanom Hmelnitskim. Hapana mubvunzo, kana iyo kumucheto yeRussian Empire, hazvina. Kana kumahombekombe, zvingangoita, kumucheto necheSalvic marudzi. Handiti, kumabvazuva Slavs vakatora chete yokunyanyisa nyika Slavs. Saka, kana iwe kuverenga kumahombekombe ari Ukraine, kumahombekombe ari necheSalvic marudzi.

nyaya

History ... Iri ishoko zvatiri kunzwa mazuva ose, asi regai kufungisisa gravitas ake. Somugumisiro yokuti Ukraine akawana rusununguko, Ukrainians vava kufarira munhoroondo vanhu vake. Pashure pezvose, chete zivo kare kuchaita kuti tikwanise kunzwisisa chipo uye kuvaka remangwana rakajeka. Basa rinokosha ruzivo nhoroondo yaro, airidza vakaponeswa memos. Uye kuchengeta nhoroondo kuyeuka vanhu zvizvarwa zvaizotevera uye kuridzidza uri kunzi mamiziyamu.

Nhoroondo muUkraine uye vanhu vanogara mundima iyi, ine midzi kare. Parking vanhu vokutanga chaizvo kuonekwa pamusoro munharaunda kuzvimirira Ukraine nemazana mazhinji zviuru zvemakore akapfuura, ari Early Paleolithic. Man otvoovyval zvakasikwa nenharaunda izvi uye zviwanikwa zviri subsoil. Kubva chinyakare siyana kuunganidzwa, kuvhima uye hove, akatamira kune basa mune zvokurima uye mhuka minda. Mucherechedzo inokosha chaizvo mune yakaoma munhau Ukrainian vamiririri akasiya Tripoli netsika IV-III remakore BC. Tripoltsy vaiva kupfuura yakabudirira nhengo rwevanhu vari neolithic munguva. Vari kunyanya kuita zvokurima, kuumba uye kuvakwa. Somugumisiro pakuwedzera muArabhu uye kutonhora okunze, tsika iyi zvishoma anyangarika. Pashure paizvozvo, wokuUkraine kundima vaiva vapenyu uye Sarmatians, uye kemmeriytsy, uye vaSitiya. A guru chaizvo nezvainoita vanhu vaigara yakakura expanses rweUkraine, akanga Greek nyika.

East Slavs

Eastern Slavs nemidzi nhasi haina kunyanya kudzidza. Predslavyansky nguva nokuda chitarisiko kurudyi-kubhengi musango-inowanzorimwa Dnieper Zarubintsy tsika, inova pamwe nokuda Slavs zvose. Slavs Recall kutanga mabasa Tacitus, Ptolemy akadana "Wends". Vaigara munzvimbo muGungwa reBaltic. Zvadaro, pakati I Millennium BC kubva wends akasiyanisa mapoka maviri Slavs - Antes uye sklaviany. Antes mundokunda nharaunda kubva Danube kuGungwa Azov uye ukasvika rokumabvazuva bazi Slavs. Vari kunyanya kuita zvokurima uye mhuka minda. Vaitenga pamwe maguta Northern Black Sea-Masimba uye vechiArabhu nyika. munyika zvematongerwe enyika kwakanga democratic. Kutungamirira nyika, Prince uye foromani. Asi zviri zvikuru nokuda nyika yakasarudza veche - Assembly vanhu.

Kutanga kubva VII remakore, pane ane zvaigona Slavs. Early Slavs vagara ainyanya pamwe menzizi uye madhamu. Hut vakanga repuranga uye ivhu. The mudziyo waiva enyika wedzinza kugumbukira. Land anazvo kunyanya guru genus - yemadzitateguru songaniro ose neropa. Public kumunetsawo mangwanani Slavs dzinoratidzwa kuchinja kubva chinyakare kumutungamiriri Pedigree. Ipapo simba riri pachishandiswa nhaka. The upenyu uye basa Eastern Slavs ave zvakabatana nechisikirwo uye mhuri. Izvi vakaisa pokutangira necheSalvic tsika.

tsika nemagariro

Popular tsika akabatanidzwa basa tsika Ukrainian vanhu. Mumazuva ekare, apo yepamusoro feudal munzanga wokurera yeRoma uye European tsika, uye musoro Cossack vakuru vakava Russified, Ukrainian munharaunda yakatanga pasina kwetsika vepamusoro yenyika. Chete vazhinji vaifanira kutakura tsika, iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva nyika. Nzvimbo huru iri tsika pamuviri ngano, kureva zvavo tsika uye ruvara. Zvose izvi zviri pachena chaizvo kuti kuonekwa achabatira songs, ballads. Nemhaka vanhu, zvakakwanisika kurera Ukrainian tsika ari XVI-XVII emakore uye rumutsiriro iri XIX remakore.

unyanzvi Ukrainians vakawanda zvakabetsera vokuPoland, Russian, nyika tsika yose. Izvi zvaiita kuonga kuti nevamwe dzidzo gadziriro, nokuda izvo vakawanda yakanga kazhinji kuverenga. Uyewo huru yaiva basa Ukraine-Rus 'sezvo pakati chiKristu pakati Eastern Slavs. The dzidzo hurongwa yambokurukurwa kunyanya. Ukrainian tsika nemagariro kwave wakashama nyika, hakuna xenophobia uye chipo vanhu. A mupiro huru nhaka nyika yakaitwa kubudikidza vazivi akadaro, vananyanduri uye unhu akakurumbira akafanana mugango, Prokopovich, Kulish, Dzhafarova nevamwe vazhinji.

Mune dzimwe nyika dzokuEurope zvinetso urombo, zvirwere, kusaziva kuti akakurirwa rwokugadzira zvinhu, achibatsirwa ndimo makapiwa ari dhipoziti. Uye muna Ukraine, akadana kuzvidzora ruzivo, rusununguko, nokuti izvo unogona kusiya zvakanaka akabuda kuti pamberi upenyu hwomudzimu. Parizvino, nzira dzakadaro dziri zvikuru vanhu vose. Saka kunyange zvazvo apo paiva zita Ukraine, sokunge hapana angati, asi kuti ichi chaiva chinhu chinokosha nguva kuti yakakura rudzi - zvinokwanisika wokuburitsa nechivimbo.