Socialization rikurumidze: chikuru uye yechipiri

Socialization kwacho kunotanga achiri mucheche uye inoguma mune vakwegura. By hunhu hwavo, ndicho pave mumagariro uye nevakadzi mabasa, uyewo kuitwa kuti tsika uye dzemunharaunda.

Somwana, zvakafanana chichagadzirirwa vanenge makumi manomwe kubva muzana zvevanhu munhu. History anoziva mamiriro ezvinhu apo mwana muduku akanga arerwa mhuka. Kunyange pashure vakati vadzoka, vana ava havana kugona kutaura, kunyemwerera, funga uye vaite nhaurirano nevamwe vanhu. Vakanga Papera kudzidza unyanzvi chete chikuru uye tenzi mashoko mashoko matatu. Somugumisiro, vana ava ne "Mowgli" kuva "izolyantami" munzanga. Somugumisiro, pfungwa socialization kunoenderana kudyidzana kwevanhu uye kuitwa kuti tsika. Pasina izvi mamiriro vana achatorerwa paumbwe yavo "I".

Process socialization - a bilateral chakajairika, izvo zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• Kuitwa mwana nemagariro ruzivo achishandisa kupinda evanhu zvakatipoteredza uye maitiro ukama. Inokosha iyi kunova sei vanhu kunokanganisa wacho.
• Active kubereka Gadziriro kwavo kwakaita kuti nhoroondo basa kuwanikwa muzvinyorwa kukurukurirana kana munhu kunokanganisa zvakatipoteredza kuburikidza mabasa ayo.

Process socialization of nomumwe kunoyerwa zvigadziriswe maviri.

Achitaipa - nzira kuitwa nomunhu pachake ari munyika mutsika siyana. Zviri pamusoro tsika uye dzemunharaunda. Somugumisiro kwacho ichi, avo zvishoma nezvishoma kushanduka kupinda chiitiko mumwe munhu. Asi nokuda anobudirira socialization kuti hazvina kukwana, tinofanira "kuwana" mashandiro wechipiri.

Individualization - yokutendeutsa uye kuchinja okuzvionera ari muchimiro tsika. With izvi mberi kwevanhu.

socialization muitiro ane matanho inokosha maviri. Vane zvakasiyana kugutsikana, zera siyana, uye dambudziko zvigadziriswe. Ngationgororei navo zvizere.

Primary socialization iri nokuda zvakananga simba ari padyo kwevanhu kwezvakatipoteredza. Tiri kutaura ake vabereki, hama, nehanzvadzi, voukama uye nehama kure. Saka, kutanga gadziriro socialization rinoitwa kubva pazuva upenyu rokutanga uye rinoguma vari kuyaruka. Mwoyo yawo ichava kubatana pakati kuitwa tsika ruzivo uye munhu, iyo anova kwaye.

Mukuwedzera, panguva ino, inova chinokosha chechikadzi socialization. Uyezve, anotanga pazera maviri kana matatu, kana mwana pakupedzisira anoziva paburiro rake uye zvishoma nezvishoma anotora yakakodzera magariro mabasa uye mifananidzo maitiro. Kunoguma muitiro ari kuyaruka.

Secondary socialization muitiro Ndigopoteredza munhu akura zera. Somugumisiro, mumwe mugari kunounza nhamba shamwari, vakaroorana uye vana. Huru mabasa zvino richabatwa akatuma kubudirira pazvinangwa upenyu hwavo (nebasa dzakakwirira zvakaoma, kubudirira, upenyu hwemhuri, yokufaranuka-nguva mabasa). Uyezve, chete kukoshesa kuva nesimba uye akatsiga noushamwari sezvo noushamwari uye pachako.

In murume wechikuru uye penga nokuda kokuchembera upenyu hunotanga kutendeuka. Zvishoma nezvishoma akarasika ushamwari uye pachedu kwokubatana kuva. Asi kuti vanzwe vakasununguka, unofanira kuchinja zvishoma nezvishoma akananga socialization. Man achafanira kudzidza kunakidzwa ose zuva.

Process socialization ndiko kutanga naro munhu anodzidza zvinokosha tsika. Tiri kutaura pamusoro zviratidzo, tsika, zvirevo uye dzemunharaunda.