Uripi muCarthage, uye chii chiri mucherechedzo wake kare?

Ancient muCarthage - mumwe nyika shoma vanenge kwakadonha zvakaoma kuti eRoma muna rechitatu remakore BC. The kukunda Roma akatungamirira pakuguma yebudiriro dzavo ukuru nenjere dzakapinza, uye muCarthage zvisiri kukanganwika. Zvisinei, Hurumende kwakawedzerwawo vabudirira aizokunda uye chinokosha geopolitical mutambi munyika yekare.

MuCarthage rakaumbwa muna 814 BC kubudikidza reFenikiya colonists kubva Tire. Asi Fenikiya atova VIII remakore yakakundwa neAsiria kuti kutanga zvakazoita kuti rusununguko vamwe reFenikiya dzaidzorwa, uye chepiri kuti nyika kwakaita kutiza vagari varo vakawanda (vamwe vakagara achangopfuura yaitongwa). MuCarthage akava mutungamiriri mutsva nharaunda, achitora nharaunda dzaichimbova Metropolis. Nzvimbo muCarthage (zvayo nzvimbo), akamutendera kuti kwete chete kusimbisa asiwo zvishoma nezvishoma kuva simba ravo uye simba munzvimbo.

Raiva pamhenderekedzo North Africa, iyo vakatsunga kwayo nepagungwa kutonga uye wokutengesera kubudirira. Court, akayambuka Mediterranean, vanotozvikuvadza vakapfuura pakati Sisiri (zvishoma iri yagara dzaitongwa Carthaginians, uye pakupedzisira yakakunda atova IV remakore BC), iro ndechedu Hurumende kumisa pachako mitemo yayo mugungwa. Pakazosvika VI remakore BC Vagari guru yasvika 70 zviuru vanhu, uye yakava guta guru kupfuura ose yose kumavirira kweMediterranean.

Yokutanga zvakakura muchiuto vorongerwa Vehurumende rakava vaGiriki vekare, uyo akatanga muna VII remakore, ayo Colonisation yose yeMediterranean. Kunyanya, muhondo yeGirisi Persian zviri V remakore muCarthage akabata kurutivi Persian. Global kwandakaita vaGiriki akasangana vakavhengana kubudirira uye kukundikana. Zvisinei muCarthage akawedzera zvikuru munharaunda yayo kunonyanya nokuda North African pamhenderekedzo, kumaodzanyemba Iberian Peninsula uye zvimwe zvitsuwa
Sea. Uyezve pfuma muCarthage wakakurumbira uyewo kubudirira zvokutengeserana, waiva mukuru kunobva paruzhinji zvakanaka. vatengesi dzavo nechikepe nemahombekombe mumakondinendi matatu - Europe, Asia, Africa, zvichiguma vazhinji vanhu kuti tizive apo muCarthage.

First Punic War

Chete III remakore BC vakawedzera Roman Republic aigona kuva chakakomba somukwikwidzi kuna muCarthage. kunetsana kwavo kwakakonzerwa chaiwo Vanzveri Latins rokuwedzera Holdings dzavo, zvichiguma kare noushamwari pakati pavo vakatanga yakashapa.

First Punic War (vaRoma yainzi Carthaginians punami) akatanga muna 264 BC, kunyanya kutonga ari Strategic Sisiri. The VaRoma vakatonga nyika hondo, asi zvinenge hapana chinogona kushora rengarava muCarthage. Yakanga chete muna 241, apo zvikepe uye muCarthage hondo yakanga kare vakaneta, vaRoma vakakwanisa kubva yavo yokupedzisira kuedza kuunganidza varwi, zvinofamba yemitambo Africa. Akakunda Romans muzvitsuwa rakapera Egatskih First Punic War, izvo zvakazoita kuti kufirwa hukuru nzvimbo munzvimbo uye vanoverengeka vanoshorwa Carthaginians zvibvumirano.

hondo wechipiri nowechitatu Punic

The Chiitiko pakati pavanotaurirana akafanira vorongerwa kuti mumwe wechipiri kuchengetwa 218. Achiedza kutsiva pamavambo ayo mukuru weuto, Hannibal Barca. Pane nechisimba Peninsula nomugungwa, Hannibal akatungamirira mauto ake yokunzvenga - kuburikidza Spain uye Alps, munzira kuhwinha dzinoverengeka kukunda zvinokosha (ramakagadzwa hondo yakakurumbira vashoma pana Cannae muna 216, akarova simba kune zvokuvhoterwa nemitenusirwa kurutivi Hannibal chikamu chikuru Italy). Zvisinei, vaRoma vakanga vachiri kukwanisa kumira, uye ipapo zvakare kufamba kurwa muAfrica. Pashure dzinotevedzana kukunda, ivo akatangazve mukana wavo weuto, uye kuomesa zvinhu Carthaginians kwazvo.

Hondo inokosha kuti vakatsunga kukunda veRoma, waiva Hondo Zama muna 202. Zvakare, muCarthage akakwanisa kupora kubva kukundwa. Makore makumi mashanu akazotevera guta zvakare akava mumwe vakapfuma muMediterranean. Ko nzvimbo yayo, kutanga, braked upfumi reRoma, uye chepiri kuti aingovawo nengozi.

Muna 149 BC, Republic rakasungirirwa hondo rechitatu. Kusaina chibvumirano ne utsinye muCarthage numudiyskim Massanissoy mambo, vaRoma wakaunganidza chikonzero uto kupindira. Mauto yakawira pamahombekombe North Africa, apo muCarthage, mauto eRoma akakomba guta. Izvi zvakaenderera mberi kwemakore matatu, asi akatozoguma nayo, kuparadzwa kutopedza uye kuparadzwa zvikuru vemo. Mune ramangwana, guta yakaramba iripo kusvikira vechiArabhu kukunda, asi kumboita kukosha.

mazuva muCarthage (more zvazviri, vakasara ayo), iri kupi riri yepakarepo pedyo neguta Tunis - guru eponymous mamiriro muna Maghreb.