Propanoic acid. Physical uye mushonga zvivako. Kushandiswa, kuchengeteka pabasa.

Propanoic asidhi (mamwe mazita - metiluksusnaya acid, zvisaora E280, propionic acid) - imvura ine caustic pasina ruvara malodorous. Rine zvinotevera zvemakemikari payakavakirwa: C2H5-COOH.

ehupfumi zvokunyama propionic asidhi:

1. tembiricha utsotso ndiyo -21 °.

2. The Kubika pfungwa iri 141 °.

3. mbaravara pfungwa iri 54 °.

4. matadza guru yakaenzana 74,08 magiramu / nhuta.

5. Under mwero ezvinhu, ndiwo Hauoneki zvokunwa.

6. kuvesa tembiricha iri 440 °.

Chemical ehupfumi pamusoro propionic asidhi:

1. miscible nemvura (H2O) uye zvinoita zvokufembedzwa.

2. A propane asidhi - chaiwo mumiririri carboxylic acids nomuti. Dai kuumba esters galogenagidridy, amides, uye zvimwe zvinhu.

History yakawanikwa propanoate

fuma iyi yakatanga kurondedzerwa muna 1844 na Johann Gottlieb, uyo akamuwana pakati shuga kudzikisirana zvigadzirwa. Zvadaro, panguva imwe mishonga asidhi iyi rakagadzirirwa munzira dzakasiyana, pasina ndazviziva, yakanga abudisa nenguva akakura. Muna 1847, Jean-Baptiste Dumas akawana kuti kare kuwana zvinhu zvakanga zvakafanana asidhi raakanga akazorondedzera manzwiro propanoic acid, sezvamakaropafadzwa payakavakirwa - C2H5-COOH.

Ndezvipi nzira yokuwana propanoate?

Zvakasikwa propanoic asidhi zvinowanikwa mafuta.

In indasitiri, nefuma ikabereka kuburikidza Reppe carbonylation kuti ethylene kuti maitiro ari byproduct iri oxidation pamusoro Mahydrocarbon, CATALYTIC oxidation kuti propane aldehyde pamberi manganese ions kana cobalt.

Uyewo, vazhinji metiluksusnoy asidhi chingawanikwa kubudisa acetic acid, asi nzira ano kwava izvozvo zviitwe nenzira iyi kuti yechipiri kunobva propionic acid.

fuma iyi inogona kugadzirwa munyika metabolic manyowa kuti amino acids uye mafuta acids ane ane vasinganzwisisike uwandu kabhoni maatomu.

Also berekai propane asidhi mabhakitiriya ari genus Propionibacterium (kuguma zvinobva muviri wavo). Mabhakitiriya aya anowanikwa mune zvomudumbu mamiriro ruminants, uye nokuda mabasa avo chizi Swiss ane yayo akasiyana munuhwi.

Propionic asidhi

It esters uye munyu.

Alkaline uye alkaline-pasi munyu zvinonyatsoziva soluble mumvura (H2O), regai mudutu zvinoita zvokufembedzwa.

Esters yamarudzi ichi havaratidzi soluble mu (H2O) mvura asi miscible pamwe zvinoita zvokufembedzwa.

kunyoresa

asidhi iyi rinoshandiswa zvinotevera nyaya:

- kugadzirwa gerbetsidy (semuenzaniso dihlorprol, propanol), zvinodhaka (fenobolin, ibuprofen), vamwe anonhuwira zvinhu (linaloil-, phenyl-, geranil-, benzyl propionate) solvent (butyl-, pentyl-, propyl propionate), mapurasitiki ( polivinilpropionat), surfactants (glycol ethers) uye vinilplastifikatorov;

- sezvo propionic asidhi kuchititadzisa kukura vamwe utachiona uye chakuvhuvhu, kuti zvakawanda rinoshandiswa senzira zvisaora mune zvokudya zvose vanhu nemhuka. The chigadzirwa rinoshandiswa zvakananga kuti mhuka propionic asidhi kana ayo munyu (Ammonium propionate), uye zvinhu izvo anogadzirwa kuti munhu achishandisa karusiyamu (karusiyamu propionate) kana yavaibvisa (sodium propionate) kana munyu waro.

Safety kubasa

Huru ngozi paaishandisa propionic asidhi - ndiko makemikari kutsva kunosiyana nekuomarara.

Muzvidzidzo inoitwa murabhoritari mhuka chete kunambwa chokuita-refu kudyiwa zviduku mishonga propanoic asidhi aiva nechitarisiko nemaronda mu yegurokuro uye mudumbu, kuti zviri kukonzerwa kungatikanganisa ehupfumi zviri pfuma. Akashaikwa ari kuedza kuti propionic inouraya iri mutagenic, carcinogenic, chepfu uye zvakaipa kuti nhengo dzokubereka nadzo. Kamwe mumuviri, tiri kufunga fuma oxidizes nokukurumidza rinoita uye ipapo outputted muchimiro carbon dioxide.