Vertically revatema kambani - kuti ... The Pfungwa wehunyambiri kusangana mienzaniso

Vertically revatema kambani - mumwe inonyatsobudirira nzira achimhanya basa rako. Paumbwe makuru hurongwa pamwe wehunyambiri kusangana chimwe chinonyanya kukosha yokurera varipo iri kuitika zvakatipoteredza. In unoreva zvakawanda ichi, chiri yakasiyana ose vertically revatema kambani - ndicho chikonzero yakanaka kuti comprehensively funga zvazvakanakira ayo makuru uye incentives.

incentives

Modern makuru Masangano Integrated tichingotarisira dictating ari Vector okukura youpfumi ano uye ndivo hwaro kuramba nokugarika kugadzirwa chero dzakabudirira nyika. Vertically revatema kambani - a panzvimbo yakakurumbira wokusarudza bhizimisi, uye mune Russian upfumi, siyana kusangana pezvakaitwa vari kungoramba kukosha. Chimwe chinokosha zvikonzero paumbwe zvivako dzakadaro kuitika mumhuri nemauto hwenyika anogona kunzi kuti mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka vakasikwa kuti mufambiro zvoupfumi basa, Starring yakawiriranwa zvipingamupinyi, uyewo mukana kusimbisa zvemakwikwi nzvimbo yaro uye kuramba kutonga pamisika ezvinhu.

musika pachisara iyo inoshandirwa Integrated vechikamu anopa basa nokuongorora siyana chaizvo incentives kuti siyana dzomutauro kuti kusangana.

Ndezvipi?

Kune mhando mbiri incentives dziri zviratidzo ari vertically revatema kambani - zviri mupfungwa kana zvekunze. Ekupedzisira ndivo zvinodiwa siyana zvavakatemerwa nevamwe chaiwo zvechadenga musika maumbirwo imwe indasitiri vanogona kana hunotovapo mapati, uyewo zvose zvemarudzi yezviito kutorwa ne yemakambani kushanda pairi.

Pfungwa wehunyambiri kusangana rinopawo nekuti akazvitsaurira zviwane muzvikamu zviviri - non-inokosha uye zvine urongwa. Nonstrategic ndakatsunga zvichienderana zvechadenga maindasitiri dzisina zvakananga novimba basa kambani. Panguva iyoyowo, iyo inokosha incentives hunhu mumusika mamiriro uye dzinogona kubatanidzwa somugumisiro basa masangano.

Pakusarudza non-inokosha zvechadenga musika - ndiko:

• kugona uye saturation;
• upfumi pakafunuka ;
• wevasungwa kuti vatengesi nevatengi, makasimbiswa panguva;
• elasticity kuti kudiwa;
• dhigirii okukura kwezvivako;
• vatorwa makwikwi;
• administrative ematongerwo;
• mukuru mamiriro ezvoupfumi;
• mutengapwe mari.

Kana isu kutaura rinokosha inokosha musika waivako, ipapo pano riri kare zvaisanganisira:

• Pricing uye dzimwe mhando rusarura;
• mhando uye mwero kusangana;
• nepavanogona zviito makambani;
• kuvapo zvinogona vakwikwidzi;
• zviito nemakambani tikadzivisa kupinda kumusika.

Internal kuitika vari chero kwaniso uye chaiyo kubatsira kambani anogamuchira pashure kushandisa imwe mhando kusangana. Internal kusangana kubatsirwa atora OAO "Gazprom" nemamwe masangano ane chimiro chakadaro kunogona kuva nemhaka anobudirira kusakarongeka anoverengeka nhengo dzeboka, uye nokudaro kungaratidzwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana STRUCTURAL musika kuchinja kuti zvakanaka kuti sangano.

Zvakanakira vavariro

The Russian upfumi, uko hunodzorwa masangano makuru akadai OJSC "Rosneft" uye vamwe, kunoratidzwa katsika kune wehunyambiri kusangana, izvo chokwadi chimwe chezvinhu nharo siyana. Vertically revatema makambani havasi chete zvose zvakanakira nekuipira makuru akaitwa, asi vane mitemo pakukura kwavo.

Nokuda mabhizimisi mubatanidzwa ( "Lukoil", etc.) inopiwa yakasiyana zvachose pamwero rokudzora kuti kugonesa kushandisa-siyana zvaungasarudza kuti kufambisa kugara, zviito uye chinokosha basa-siyana vechikamu yeidzi, nokudaro kuzarura tarisiro chaicho chinoshingaira kuwedzera kugadzirwa kunyatsoshanda.

Zvikurukuru, zvinovawo zvinobvira kuchinjana ruzivo inokosha siyana, uye pakupedzisira kuunzwa zvakagadzirwa chero nomugove kunotungamirira zvakanaka mugumisiro yose chivako yose.

Vertical kusangana, iro rinoshandiswa "Lukoil" kambani nezvimwe zvinonetsa, zvinotungamirira ndechokuti kambani rinotanga ndoda ndezvokungotevedzera Distributors kana bhizimisi. Kudiwa kuramba ikure rusununguko sangano kubva ayo zvokunze zvakatipoteredza kunonyanya kushanda mune pamisika simba, apo pane vakawanda vatengesi nevatengi, uyewo dhefisiti zvimwe zvinhu.

Ava nzira vabudirire kudzivirira nehanya kudivi bhizimisi, akadai nokuwedzera inventories, kushandisa chinotsiva zvigadzirwa, basa pamwe gobvu-siyana vamwe uye vamwe, hazvibviri kuti zita kwete chete mutengo inoshanda, asi kazhinji sezvazviri tichitaura Implementation nguva dzose. Makambani Various dzisina revatema pamwe nokutengesa anodiwa zvikonzero okuwana vanowanzotambura nenguva yatinoona kumisa basa pose kwokudiwa kwazvo wedzerai kwakadaro zvinhu kana nokutengesa anofarira kuchinja mashoko chesungano. Panyaya iyi, masangano makuru, kusanganisira Open Society "Gazprom", tichishandisa maumbirwo wehunyambiri kusangana.

Mukuwedzera, kuitwa mukugadzirisa yokutengesa makambani kuti vasina zvamboshandiswa revatema uye haisi kufarira Implementation mishonga siyana imwe zvebhizimisi, nguva dzose pave vamwe mukana overstocking uye aishingaira kushandiswa underutilization okuwana okuita, zvichiguma pakuburitswa pakupedzisira nyore anova kugadzikana.

Vertical Kusonganirana masangano kuti kushandisa kuti "Rosneft" nemamwe makambani, anobvumira kushandiswa zvikuru inoshanda zvirongwa zvidzidzo wechipfuwo zvokutengeserana, uyewo kuitira Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kurapa uwandu, nokudaro kukurira zvachose okutengesa dambudziko iri muzvigadzirwa cheni. Rapid turnover mari ndiko kuderedza kudiwa zvikwereti vaifanira zadzai kushanda guru, uyewo kubatsira kubudirira nemari iri mubereko iri akabhadhara.

Ndezvipi nengozi?

Tichienzanisa mureza pamusika ukama kuti akaumba pakati akazvimiririra vadiwa, pfungwa wehunyambiri kusangana anopa rutapudzo kuti kutengeserana mari, izvo rinoshanda kwete chete kumusika kufambisa makambani, asiwo kune ngozi opportunism uye asymmetric Data uye vamwe twa specificity.

Mukana mikana chavanoitirwa dzakasiyana-siyana counterparties rinowanika mukufamba kugadzirwa, izvo hakuna tsanangudzo yemberi vaida pachena, kana kana iwe usingagoni mberi urongwa richiswedera kukwira chibvumirano anopa chero akaipa kuchinja dzomunyika uye kwokunze upfumi ezvinhu.

chaicho midziyo

Dzinenge ndeizvi mugumisiro wakananga upfumi: haagoni exchange zvakadaro yesangano nechinangwa kwohumwe kushandiswa mamwe chinangwa chipi kana neimwe User, pasina anokonzera nazvo mukurima chinzvimbo. Kuvapo kwavo zvinobatsira kuti chidzoke vaviri-nzira nedoro, iyo inotungamira dzimwe matambudziko anoitika contractual ukama. Saka zvinokosha kunzwisisa zvakarurama, kuti specificity pakati angapedzisira kuva dzakawanda, kusanganisira kuva dzinokosha nekusiyanisa zvakasiyana zviri nzvimbo, guta guru revanhu, kwezvinhu maitiro uye zvakanangwa upfumi.

The chaizvo mamiriro ichi

Specificity nzvimbo inomuka apo mutengi-siyana zvinokonzera okuwana noMupi yaro iri zvakakwana pedyo nepedyo, nokudaro yekudyidzana kudzikira mari inodiwa kuti kuchengetwa uye chokufambisa, izvozvo somugumisiro kunotungamirira kune yokunyanyisa kutadza kufamba pamusoro zvinhu. In yekudyidzana kunoderedza yokufambisa uye anobvisa kudiwa mamwe kudziyisa kuti simbi somuenzaniso, kuti simbi indasitiri, apo kusangana zvakasiyana siyana utsotso uye rinopfungaira. Saizvozvowo, placement simba zvinomera zviri yepakarepo kunharaunda marasha mugodhi nzvimbo yekudyidzana zvinowedzera upfumi zvebhizimisi pamusoro yokufambisa.

Specificity siyana rwokugadzira unhu kunooneka pacharo panyaya apo kutengeserana mapato mumwe kana akawanda paakapiwa mu zvaioneka yesangano rine kujairika rwokugadzirwa uye STRUCTURAL maitiro. Pakupedzisira, nokuda oupfumi dzakadaro yekudyidzana akaderedza mukana nzira kushandisa pfuma.

The specificity kuti guta kwevanhu imhaka bhizimisi iri chinoshingaira mudonzvo kukura. Somuenzaniso, basa imwe vertically revatema kambani anogona kupa kugara kudzidzisa chaizvo ari indasitiri, mushandirapamwe unyanzvi uye kunzwisisa michina mitsva.

Target Investments dzinoitwa kuti mutengesi kana achiona tariro chaiyo inokosha mari zvigadzirwa achaiswa chinozoiswa wakananga mutengi. Kana risati kugumiswa chibvumirano, ukuwo, ari mutengesi achagara tsva kugadzirwa chinzvimbo.

zvinogoneka njodzi

Basa makambani kuti pave kana kushandisa mukufamba dzebhizimisi, mhando dzose yesangano, yakasiyana nedzimwe njodzi kuti chokuita Implementation zvinokosha zvigadzirwa, asi ine njodzi dzakadaro, izvo zvinokonzerwa nechokwadi mune nerubatsiro zvigadzirwa, uyewo kushaya chero mukana apiwa vafambi kugadzirwa vanokwanisa kuti vanogona kushandiswa mune dzimwe nzira kushandiswa.

Kunyange kana zvachose ndisipo ngozi asymmetric mashoko uye nechokwadi, vertically revatema makambani muRussia uye dzimwe dzakabudirira dzinoratidzwa kuburikidza akaderedza kutengeserana mari, nokuda Kufambisa mumusika. In musika chero yemakwikwi, mutengi-siyana zvinokonzera okuwana uye mutengesi kupedza mari yakawanda kuti awane mumwe, uye haizopereri mhedziso uye kudzora aurayiwe zvinoverengeka chokuita zvibvumirano. Zvadaro, mutengi vamwe zvinhu okuwana ichichinja mutengesi yokupedzisira chigadzirwa, uye zvino kwatova zvakakodzera kuti govera mari kwayo Implementation. Kana tikafunga kambani zvabatanidzwa sezvinoita vertically revatema makambani mafuta, uye vamwe vazhinji, pakupedzisira kuramba chete kwema kuti chokuita kutsvaka uye Tracking kuti chibvumirano pamusoro anotenga yokupedzisira chigadzirwa.

zvinogoneka mugumisiro

Pashure pakatanga wehunyambiri kusangana zvakare yekudyidzana kunoderedza zvachose mari yokupedzisira chigadzirwa, sezvo zvinoderedza mari kupindira zvinokonzera kubudikidza kugadzirisa matambudziko chokuita anonzi kaviri marzhinalizatsiey uye miviri shoma. Mutengo mari, izvo yakasiyana kutengesa peturu nezvimwe zvigadzirwa muchimiro wehunyambiri kusangana anobvumira kambani kuti yekudyidzana chokuwedzera yayo chimiro pamberi mumusika. Chokutanga, anogona kuzadzisa kudzikisa mitengo nokuda zvigadzirwa zvavo, uye zvinowana wakakwidzwa mari kubva vatotanga musika mutengo. Ndokusaka "Rosneft" (refueling) nedzimwe nhengo akafanana vanoonekwa ne mukuru musika simba tichienzanisa izvo vaizova akasiyana, asi kunobva mugove wawo pamusika uyu.

Vachabatsirwa Makambani

Competitors kuwana kumisika yakasiyana pamusoro zvenguva zvigadzirwa ndeyevanyori nokuti kuti hazvibviri kana pane vanoshorwa zvinhu nokuda kwemamiriro zvibvumirano vane makambani kuti ikashandiswa kuva Integrated marongerwo. Pamisika mukuru "Rosneft" zvigadzirwa (refueling) nedzimwe nhengo kuti dzinoshandisa wehunyambiri kusangana, dzinoratidzwa mikana yakawanda, izvo zvinokonzerwa pamberi yakananga pakugadzirisa dambudziko "mugove kaviri", nokuderedza kutengeserana mari uye zvimwe zvinhu zvizhinji. Kwakaderedza mari kuwedzera kukwikwidzana nzvimbo sangano, uye zvakafanana uyewo kumutsira zvipingamupinyi kuti kupinda mune indasitiri iyi kambani itsva chinhu.

Uyezve, zvinhu chaizvo zvechiratidzo wehunyambiri kusangana kunoita chokubatanidza munhu zvakakwana pasi azvipire wevasungwa yokupedzisira chigadzirwa riri pamusika ane kumbonyanya anokudzwa pakati monopolizing simba uye, naizvozvo, kuderedza kumanikidza-siyana vatevedzere zviremera antitrust.

Nekuipira kuti musika

Maererano neizvi tinogona kutaura kuti migumisiro kuti rinobatanidza wehunyambiri kusangana, yakasananiswa. Somuenzaniso vanogona rakatorwa chete kambani "Rosneft", iro kurudyi mumwe, inorondedzera pasi muitiro mukurima yokufambisa uye nokudaro mitengo, asi pane dzimwe - ane wandei musika simba uye inowedzera monopolization.