Yosemite National Park. Yosemite National Park (California, USA)

Patinotaura pamusoro United States, tiri kureva simba muchiuto, mune zvoupfumi uye hurumende. Asi muna America, pane nzvimbo kwete chete kune zvegutsaruzhinji tsika, girini madhora mazhinji ruzivo. Zviri zvakare nyika apo runako mupenyu.

History of pakusikwa mumapaki National

Kwakachengetwa muUnited States kwazvo, uye nzvimbo inokosha pakati pavo ndorwevaya National mumapaki, vari muUnited States 58, zvachose nharaunda 251,58 zviuru ba. Km. Pakusikwa kwenyika yavo wakaradzikwa muzana remakore pamberi.

Umbwa March 1, 1972, United States Yellowstone National Park anonzi yokutanga munyika. Vanhu vazhinji vanowana nzira iri pamutemo: zvichiri June 30, 1864 Yosemite Grant akanga yakasainwa, maererano izvo Yosemite Valley uye Mariposa Grove akagamuchira mamiriro mupaki - kunyange yeUnited, uye remunharaunda kukosha: nyika hwakatamisirwa State of California. Nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti chiito ichi chinhu pamutemo muenzaniso uhwo US akazotevera Yellowstone National Park hwagadzwa, uye, pashure pake, vamwe vakawanda. Nhasi, vose kuchengeterwa riri pakati zvina zvikuru nevanhu munyika. Yosemite iri rakava rechitatu 2012, yakanga ashanyirwa 3.853.404 vashanyi. By chakarurama ichi zviri wechipiri chete ari Grand Canyon (4,421,352) uye Greyt Smoki Mountains (9,685,829).

Sei kuti paki

Yosemite akagamuchira National Park chinzvimbo muna 1890 uye iri muna US mamiriro California. Kubva San Francisco payo anenge 200 anenge, anogona domchali kwemaawa matatu nenzira yakanaka. The nzira kubva Los Angeles anotora maawa anenge matanhatu. Park yokupinda: $ 20 mari yokufamba motokari, ane chime (nyanzvi yokuchovha bhasikoro kana motorcyclist) tora hafu, asi muchina kunonzi rimwe zvisinei uwandu vatakurwi.

Kana ukaenda Somuenzaniso, boka vanhu vasere, unogona kuponesa inotonhorera. Zvinokwanisika kutenga kuzvinyoresa rimwe gore - uye zvino unogona kanenge ose zuva kushanyira Yosemite. National Park kupa mufambi ane ruzivo hutsva, zvichienderana nenguva kana mamiriro okunze.

Kuwanikwa mumupata

Mune imwe shanduro "Yosemite" rinoshandurwa kubva Indian, se "ivo vaurayi." Sezvo vavakidzani pedyo rinonzi akanyatsoti vagere mumupata, avanichi norudzi maIndia zvehondo uye anokakavara unhu. Maererano neimwe shanduro, "Yosemite" - ichipesana "uzumati" ( "bereka" mumutauro wemo).

Kana zvakanaka vanhu chena vakatanga kukunda nyika runodiwa yacho kondinendi, mumwe kuri mapoka vakamhanyira pakutsvaka maIndia, ndakaona mupata wakanaka pakati gomo twi. VokuEurope havasi kurwa rakanga pasina kupiwa jeka California, kadhi huripo nhasi nowenyika inopisa hondo pamwe nevatungamiri Redskins. In mamiriro ichi, pamwe chete Arizona uye Oklahoma, pamusoro-kuchengeterwa kumusha Nhamba huru Indian American vemo.

Nature - yakanakisisa mugadziri

Munguva kuvapo nharaunda yakanaka kuti vauye kuyemura mamiriyoni vashanyi, vanhu chikwereti kwemasayendisiti kuitika panyika mamiriyoni emakore. Akasvika inofamba nokuda tectonic inochinja Sierra Nevada akasimuka vakazembera kumabvazuva - ichi inotsanangura dzakatenuka ayo wokumavirira munyoro uye poromoka okumabvazuva.

mupiro wake kusikwa kuchengeterwa akasuma uye Ice Age. Kana chena guru inotonhora vatamira kumaodzanyemba, unorema pacharwo pasi pose, ndine nharaunda dzakawanda. Kuenda rechando akasiya zvakawanda madziva. Vamwe vavo zvichiripo nhasi, apo vamwe dzapwa - panzvimbo yavo akaumba yakaorera dzakaderera, kusanganisira Yosemite Valley.

Water nyika

The paka ine mvura yakawanda. Pano kutanga nzizi mbiri huru - Merced uye Tuolomni, avanotarisira kuti dzimwe nguva kukanda kubva pakakwirira kukuru, kupfuura 2700 hova uye hova. California denga Kutarira 3,2 zviuru madhamu - uye kwete zvakataurwa mafufu, uye imwe nzvimbo 100 mamita ² nerimwe.

madziva maduku kuverenga hazvibviri pfungwa. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo paki dzakararama ari mazitombo echando. Mumwe wavo, Layll, anopindura vanenge 65 hectares uye ndiye pakukura Yosemite. National Park 95% - zvachose nzvimbo mhandara kuzivana nomurume. Mazhinji ezvinhu nemhuka vakawana yokupotera pano.

Uye kunyange kana mamiriro ezvinhu asina unclouded: 3 marudzi akava yakatotsakatika uye 37 vari panjodzi, mhuka runochengetedzwa hurumende US pane refu azvipire. Kunyatsoverenga Mafungiro vokuAmerica vakananga kunyika yavo anogona chete tichiyemura.

nzvimbo outorwa

Panguva tsitsi revashanyi kupiwa duku chikamu Yosemite Park, asi ichi zvikuru :. 1,3 zviuru? Km kubva musango mudungwe munzira 560? Km migwagwa haangafambi uye regai obedesh zuva rimwe. Maererano nechido kudzivirira nzvimbo kubva pasingadiwi anokonzerwa pakati anthropogenic zvinhu, vakawanda pakutengeserana - kungofamba. Vamwe vavo vane zvakaoma chaizvo uye kwete vose kuita.

Avo nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana hakusi kukuchidzira kufamba, anogona kuchovha ichitevedza Tioga Road - a yevedza yaitevedza ayo akapararira nzizi, Mafuro uye nyanza, izvo zvinoratidza akapoteredza makomo. Pano unogona kumira kwose kwose kutora mifananidzo yakazaruka nharaunda.

Ashanyirwa evashanyi uye dura Hetch Hetchy, nhoroondo iri zvikuru akasuruvara. Panguva iyi kwakanga mumwe mupata, ino nyika yakakurumbira Yosemite. National Park, zvinosuruvarisa anorasikirwa yakazara nevanhu San Francisco vanoda mvura nemagetsi. Muna 1913 chisarudzo chakaitwa, uye pasinei apererwa Kuratidzira ose conservationists, yakaisvonaka mupata Hetch Hetchy, yakanyangarika pasi pemvura.

Vafambi pane vashomanana, asi unogona kusangana mhuka, hazvina kutya munhu (kunyange zvazvo zvapupu zvakaona vanoti vakawanda kwose kwose). Vashandi zvakasimba akanyevera pamusoro nemabheya: Bears vakajaira kudya kwevanhu - achikwira abvise, kwete obradueshsya.

Takura uye kutakura zvokudya mupaki inofanira kuva inokosha zvokungwarira, uye usiku ari motokari havagoni kusiya chinhu chaisvika afanane dzinodyiwa: unyanzvi zveufende yakapwanyika haisi muchina chete. Kusanzwisisana vanhu vane nemabheya kakawanda kutipinza mudambudziko rakakura, saka nhasi mupaka kutarisira anoda chaizvo kudzosa misangano iyi kushoma.

Chimwe chinoshamisa Yosemite National Park - Mariposa Grove. Pano kukura sequoias 200, kupfuura anotyisa uye-refu refu miti panyika. Vamwe specimens vachikura 100 metres vakareba uye 12 vari dhayamita. Hofori mupaki imomo, asi ivo vari "kukakanganiswa" Hama, vymahal 80 M uye zera 3.5 zviuru zvemakore nepakati. Vanhu vamire muti uyu sokuti gnomes kubva Air rengano.

Mapoka evashanyi kunokurumidziswa Gleysher Point uye Tyne View, iyo inopa anoshamisa pfungwa mawere nemapopoma pakati Yosemite. The National Park hakusi pasina ndiro zita mupata uyu: zviri inimitably yakanaka.

Yosemite Valley - Pearl Park

Kakawanda mifananidzo maonero mumupata anomuvhurira vafambi pamusoro asvika. Log "zvinhu" zviri akakurumbira kuruware "El Capitan" uye nemapopoma maviri: Braydalveyl (rakashandurwa se "vheiri mwenga") rumwe rutivi uye "hachi muswe", anonziwo "mapopoma remoto" - rumwe. Muna February, kuti vashanyi mukana vachengete zvinoshamisa akanaka uye kujairika kuona: zuva bouncing kubvisa matombo, kusika fungidziro kuti hazvisi mvura, asi inowira inopisa simbi kubva kukwirira 650 m.

Waterfalls muna Yosemite National Park zvisingaverengeki. Big uye duku, ivo douse vashanyi namakore mhute, cascading kutiza pamwe girenayiti matombo, akakurumidza uye noisily, kuti mabasa avo - yokudenga muraraungu, uye mune vadzidzisi zvuru gumi suns kunooneka jets dzavo. Kashoma kuti nokusingaperi kukwanisa kubvumirana pakati pavo yakaisvonaka. Beauty - hama izwi, uye vose zvavo nyaya kuchifarira - haigoni kuyerwa, kusiyana chaiyo pfungwa dzakadai saizi. Kubva panguva iyi maonero, Nhoroondo kuchengetwa Yosemite Falls, iri kuuya mashoko ari mumwe - muna nomwe uye panorumwe - kumusoro makumi maviri-soro munyika.

Kuyemura nemapopoma uye madhamu zvinofanira akatuma muchirimo. ivo zvinopisa yechirimo havana renguva ruchiyerera, uye vamwe kwayo zvachose.

kwekupedzisira Entertainment

Kwete chete mafeni kuyemura runako kwenyika vauye pano. The paka zvakare rudzi Mecca kuti makomo avo vanoona nyaya rukudzo kukwira kuna haripindiki nhare, zviri azere dzakapoteredza nzvimbo. Mumwe nzvimbo yokunamata makomo - achazunungusa El Capitan, mumwe girenayiti monolith muchaungudza muchina mumwe 900 metres.

pamusoro wayo rakapfekedzwa korona namakore nemiti mujinga hunoita tuduku uye asingabatsiri, sokunge vakauya vachimhanya vachibva kumativi ose - uye akangoerekana arega, kutadza kwakuka. Miti, Chokwadi, mumwe Feat yakadaro isina - asi dombo ichizviisa vamwe vanhu. Zvakandiomera kukwira migwagwa iri kuruware "Semi-rising" uye "ainge akamonererwa Guard."

Infrastructure uye mitemo

Kuti skim kanenge kune huru zvinokwezva, zvinokosha kupedza mazuva anenge 2-3. The Yosemite uyu zvose ezvinhu. Ilf uye Petrov ari kwayo "mumwe-storey America" Zvakawanda zvakanyorwa pamusoro chii miti yakasvika vekuAmerica mukutsvaga kunyaradzwa uye zvakadini zvinoreva kwavari basa achiri.

Kubvira ipapo, kana chinhu zvachinja, ndiko chete nani. US reserves vanowanzotevedzera kuti zvakaisvonaka kwezvivako, uye Yosemite - hapana anosara. Mumwe camper ane kuteerera mitemo hunovimbisa kuchengeteka uye pachake, uye nevamwe (kwete chete nenzira, vanhu). Unogona kurara chete musasa kana muhotera. Kana uchironga husiku imwe nzvimbo - unofanira kuwana mvumo. It vanoda uye mudzidzi hove, vanokwira pamawere uye kuita zvakasiyana-siyana nesayenzi researches (zviri pano zvinogoneka zvakare).

Yosemite National Park (Zimbabwe) hazvigoni kurondedzerwa mumashoko. Asi kana ukaedza, zvino pano, shoko riri: kubwinya. Paintings zvemunzvimbo nharaunda mwoyo misodzi - unogona kupedza maawa vachiona runoyerera rwizi pakati gomo twi makore, uye waparadzwa kure mativi pemiti.