27 January - Holocaust Remembrance Day (homeroom)

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinotyisa zvinoratidza basa Hitler uye ake dzematongerwe aiva Holocaust - nokutambudzwa zvakawanda uye kuparara European muJudhiya munguva kubvira 1933 kusvika 1945. Yaiva kumboonekwa muenzaniso munhau kuparadzwa pamwe yaiurayiwa vokuArmenia mukutanga remakore rechi20 muna hweTurkey. January 27, Holocaust Remembrance Day, kwave chokuita kwebhuku -Osventsima misasa rokutanga.

Chinangwa - kuparadza

The chinangwa chikuru wakasiyiwa pakuuraya Hitler uye vanyori mhinduro mubvunzo vechiJudha, aiva kuparadzwa imwe yoga rudzi nemaune. Somugumisiro, rakauraya kusvika 60% vaJudha Europe, izvo chakaita kuti ingangoita chetatu yose vakawanda vevaJudha. Maererano zvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana, vakaurayiwa uye mamiriyoni 6 vanhu. The kusunungurwa akauya chete muna 1945, musi wa27 January. International Holocaust Remembrance Day anosanganisa ndangariro kwete chete nevaJudha akafa.

In rinobatanidza Mupfungwa, Chiitiko vaJudha nevaNazi yeNazi Germany uye mumwe kunosanganisira kuparadzwa National, vashoma ungochani, kurwarisa, uyewo zvokurapa kuedza. Iri izwi yasvika kunan'anura, pfungwa, zvose mhosva mabasa uye dzidziso yokutanga kwechiFascist. Zvikurukuru, zvakanzi akatsvaira chetatu uwandu Roma vemo. Not kusanganisira Nokurasikirwa zvechiuto vakaurayiwa anenge gumi muzana Poles uye vanenge mamiriyoni matatu vasungwa Red Army.

rufu Machine

Mukanyiwa "Kuchenesa" kwevanhu pfuma inokosha ngwariro rwakabhadharwa kuna vanorwara. The mupfungwa kurwara uye vakaremara vakanga pasi vakawanda kuurayiwa. Izvi chete kunetsa uye ngochani, izvo pfumbamwe zviuru zvakaparadzwa. Kunze kuparadzwa, chinopiswa maitiro dzamarudzi kuvandudzika wegadziriro kuparadzwa. Izvi zvakare utsinye zvokurapa kuedza, mapoka vari mapuranga akaisa pamusoro vasungwa vanachiremba uye masayendisiti ari Wehrmacht.

Zvechokwadi "maindasitiri" pamwero chose mberi kusvikira omubatanidzwa nechisimba ndima German. Panyaya iyi, musi waJanuary 27, zuva ndangariro vanonetswa Nazism, rinobatanidza zvose yevanhu vakaurayiwa chinangwa vaurayiwa mumisasa zvakasikwa mukati hurongwa.

rechiHebheru

VaJudha pachavo yekudyidzana kazhinji kushandisa imwe izwi - the Shoah, iro rinomirira vaNazi wokuti kuparadzwa nemaune vanhu uye inoshandurwa kuva dambudziko kana dambudziko. Zvinonzi vakatenda ane akarurama izwi kupfuura Holocaust. Izvi izwi rinobatanidza zvose vaigara dzatorwa uye vakafa kungopfura gobvu mumisasa, mumajeri, ghettos, refuges uye mumasango, kana iwe edza hakumbofi, senhengo emagandanga, pevhu kufamba munguva kumukirana, kana apo kuedza kutiza, kuyambuka muganhu, akaurayiwa nevaNazi nevatsigiri vavo. Shoko rechiHebheru akava zvikuru kure-kusvika uye raisanganisira vamiririri vemarudzi ose vakanga vakafa kweNazi, akapfuurawo nokunyika vanotyisa nokurwadziwa pakutapwa uye mumisasa, asi zvakadaro vakapona. Nokuti vose zvavo, 27 January - Holocaust Remembrance Day - iri raikosha, Risingakanganwiki yenhau, riri zvakaoma vanhu vechiJudha kuti nokusingaperi kukwanisa kukanganwa.

rufu uye upenyu nenhamba

Pakarepo pashure pehondo akatanga kuonekwa nenhamba yekutanga pamusoro utsinye ari Third Reich muEurope uye Russia. Saka, maererano kare kufungidzira kuti Implementation dzakasiyana-siyana zvinangwa pachinhu vanhu "akaderera" - kushandisa somuranda basa pakuvaka uye kugadzirwa, kusurukirwa, kurangwa, kuparadzwa - zviuru zvinomwe misasa uye ghettos rakanga rakarongwa. Kuwanda chakaremara kunze kuvaJudha vaiva necheSalvic, Poles, Roma, demented, ngochani, chirwere chisingarapiki. Pakutanga 21 remakore vakasuwa zvakanzi rinoziviswa kuti vakadaro masangano vaNazi akasika vanenge makumi maviri nezviviri. Ndiyo nomuongorori panguva vashandi yokutsvakurudza uye masayendisiti Holocaust Memorial Museum, riri mu Washington. Makore gumi gare gare, mumwe chete miziyamu akazivisa kuti awana nzvimbo itsva sezvinoita rufu mumisasa, iyo, nokuda Masvomhu dzavo, akanga 42,5 zviuru Europe.

Zvinetso panoongororwa vakatambudzwa

Zvinozivikanwa kuti pashure pehondo yenyika munharaunda akarondedzera zviito vaNazi sezvo mhosva runyararo uye vanhu uye akasarudza kutonga avo vakasara. At yakakurumbira rokuNuremberg nemiedzo, urwo rwakatora mazuva anopfuura gumi, zvakaziviswa nokuda mukuru panguva iyoyo mufananidzo vaJudha akafa - 6 miriyoni. Zvisinei, nhamba iri Ichokwadi, hazviratidzi chokwadi, nekuti hakuna mazita mazita vakaurayiwa. Apo Soviet uye batana mauto vaNazi akaparadza chero zvisaririra kuti kujekesa chokwadi. MuJerusarema, paNational Chirangaridzo weHolocaust uye Heroism, pane ndandanda yemazita kuzvibatanidza mamiriyoni mana. Asi matambudziko Anoverenga vanobatwa vechokwadi nokuti kuti avo vakaurayiwa munharaunda Soviet Union, vaJudha zvisingagoni kurahwa nokuti vose semhosva "mugari yeSoviet". Uyezve, vazhinji vakafa muna Europe, pakanga pasina munhu yokugadziridza.

Pakuverenga kuti uwandu hwezvinhu zvose zvabatanidzwa. Data masayendisiti vanoshandisa vaverengwe Data akatorwa vasati uye pashure pehondo. Maererano nemashoko aya, kuPoland akauraya vaJudha miriyoni 3 USSR - mamiriyoni 1,2 Belarus - 800 zviuru, Germany, Lithuania uye -. 140 zviuru, Latvia -. 70 zviuru, Hungary -. 560 zviuru, Romania -. 280 zviuru. Holland - 100 zviuru, muFrance uye Czech Republic - .. 80 zviuru, Slovakia, Greece, Yugoslavia rakaparadzwa kubva 60 kusvika 70 zviuru vanhu .. Chero kunzwisisa kana chikonzero Masvomhu vose vanokudza International Holocaust Remembrance Day, zvishoma vataura utsinye nevaNazi ndivo mhosva pavanhu.

Auschwitz

Chimwe chezvinhu rakakurumbira uye rinotyisa rufu mumisasa. Kunyange pano vaNazi vaiva zvikuru kuzviomesera rokuzvidavirira vasungwa, hapana nekubvirana pasi nhamba yevanhu. Munguva yose muinonzi nhamba mamiriyoni 4 vanhu, ivo SS varume vaishanda vari mumusasa, akadana mamiriyoni 2-3, masayendisiti siyana kushevedzera 1 kusvika mamiriyoni 3.8 Redemption ari mumusasa uyu uye akasarudzwa zuva January 27 -. International Holocaust Rokuyeuchidza Day. Musasa, anozivikanwa munyika yakaita kuAuschwitz, rakarongwa pedyo Polish taundi Oswiecim. Kubva muna 1941 kusvika 1945, vanhu mamiriyoni 1,4 vakaurayiwa mundima yayo, iyo mamiriyoni 1,1 - vaJudha. Musasa zvakagara kupfuura, uye akaburuka munhau sechiratidzo nevaNazi. Makore maviri pashure pehondo, mumwe miziyamu, rwakazokura chikamu UNESCO World Heritage Site rakarongwa.

Sezvo izvi zvakanga musasa wokutanga, rakabudiswa panguva kukundwa hwechiFascist vehondo, akava quintessence utsinye, utsinye, mumwe gehena wechokwadi panyika. Maererano neUN zvasarudzwa 27 January, zuva ndangariro vanobatwa rudzi 2nd World War, Akazova dzakawanda ndangariro zuva.

muzvikamu zvitatu kugadzirisa mubvunzo yechiJudha

On the dzakawanda chekutonga pana muNuremberg akaudzwa kuti chisarudzo mubvunzo uyu yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu. Kusvikira 1940, vaJudha Germany uye isu aichenese rakatora nharaunda. Kusvikira 1942 aishanda kusvikira wevasungwa yose vechiJudha muPoland uye Eastern Europe kudzorwa Germany. Vakabva akaumbwa mhiri wokumabvazuva nzvimbo cram, mavakange dzoga. Wechitatu nguva kusvikira pakuguma hondo zvaireva kuparadzwa chaiko rakazara vaJudha. Order hwokupedzisira zvamakasarudza chasainwa Genrihom Gimmlerom zvakananga.

kuparadzwa isati kurongwa, kuwedzera nzvimbo iri cram, kuti zviparadzanise nevamwe vanhu, saka anonzi panguva iyoyo, uye inopa nokudzingwa wakakwana kubva upenyu paruzhinji, kutorerwa pfuma yavo uye kuti tiunze vaJudha ezvinhu apo mikana yokupona kwaizoratidzwa nechokwadi bedzi muranda wechibharo. Memory uye mhosva iyi iri zviitiko akabatirira 27 January. Tichirangarira zuva akazvipira kwete chete kune vaya vakafa, asi zvichida kupfuura vose vaya vachikanganisa zvikuru kuita akakwanisa kurarama.

Kutsunga musi

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kwete kamwe akasarudzwa muna World War Chronicle International Holocaust Rokuyeuchidza Day. Zuva rakanga aifarirwa siyanei nokugadziriswa weUnited Nations, izvozvo kushandisa 1 November 2005. Zvadaro, chirongwa chinokosha cheUN General Assembly kuna 60th gore wokusunungurwa, yakatanga miniti kunyarara. Musangano vakapinda, uye imwe nyika kuti yava ichikonzera monstrous nokukuvadzwa European muJudhiya. Democratic Germany, akati ipapo mumiririri wake, akadzidza kubva ngozi uye monstrous nokukanganisa kwake kare utariri miitiro yakaipa, anotadza guide. Zvakakunakirai kuti nyika iyi musi waJanuary 27, Holocaust Remembrance Day muGermany, gore negore mhemberero pane chiitiko ichi vari chiyeuchidzo vaingogara zvikanganiso. Zvisinei, yokuGermany vanhu kunzwisisa basa ravo vanhu ava uye regai vachiziva zamylivaet ake kare. Muna 2011, yokutanga nguva iwoyo uye zvaisanganisira anotaura Roma sezvo vakaurayiwa kwevanhu.

Kudzidzisa chizvarwa wechidiki

Utsinye zvakaitwa murume pamusoro murume kuramba munhoroondo uye kuyeuka vanhu nokusingaperi. Zvisinei, pane mhosva dzakadaro, chiyeuchidzo izvo zvinofanira kudzokororwa nguva nenguva kudzivirira, kudzivirira, kudzivirira. Kwazvinoita kugumbusa hurongwa kuparadzwa vaNazi vose avo vavakanga aionekwa sevakaderera marudzi uye regai vanokodzera kodzero upenyu. Kuongorora iyi nani muzvikoro kuitisa zvidzidzo pachena nemuenzaniso vhidhiyo Chronicle, kusanganisira kuongorora kwakaitwa nevaNazi mumisasa vakawanda vaiurayiwa.

"27 January - Holocaust Remembrance Day" - homeroom pamwe chete zita wakaitwa muzvikoro zvakawanda Russian uye European. Munguva zvidzidzo izvi akatsanangura zvakadzama Nezvekwakabva shoko uye zvarinoreva. Kunyanya, shoko riri muBhaibheri rechiGiriki mudzi rinoreva kuti "chinopiwa chinopiswa." Panguva zvidzidzo vadzidzi vanoratidza monstrous masiraidhi vane mapikicha, vave yakadzikiswa zvose pamusoro nyika pashure yemarudzi chekutonga yakatarwa zvinorehwa dzepasi dambudziko nevaNazi.

Kuvheneka achikanganisa akaita unga

Mubvunzo wokutanga kuti unomuka anonzi vechiJudha vanhu vari kudzidza Holocaust, ruvengo nei vakadaro? Sei vaJudha havana vava chinangwa chikuru kwehurongwa kuparadzwa vanhu? mhinduro dzakajeka dzemibvunzo iyi kusvikira nhasi. Imwe zvakafanana shanduro ndechokuti munguva iyi vanobudisa hana vokuGermany rakanga yaingowanikwa Anti-Semitism, iro Hitler akakwanisa kudza kune zvinoshamisa hukuru. Ndokusaka, pasi achinyepera vanhuwo kufarira, uye akakwanisa kuona chinangwa chayo zvachose.

Chimwe chikonzero connivance ichi vanhu German anonzi chii rwakabviswa pfuma dzechiJudha pashure Kristallnacht muna November 1938, zvakanzi kune vanhuwo vokuGermany. Pakati pezvimwe zvikonzero, kutamburira pfuma yavo uye kuti aitungamirira chinzvimbo kuti vaJudha yavaibatisa munharaunda, anotaurwa somumwe frontrunners. Zvisinei, kunze ichi akatungamirira zvinotaurwa nevezvematongerwe Hitler akanga mubvunzo kwemarudzi ukuru. Uye vose avo, maererano dzidziso yake, aiva akanyanya kuipa kwazvo Aryans zviratidzo, zvakajeka chete vatsigiri pfungwa iyi, zvakanga zvakafanira kuti aparadze. Uye 27 January - Holocaust Remembrance Day - chiyeuchidzo dzose kuti chii chinogona kuunza chechiJudha kunamata chero aiva pfungwa uye kuteerera.

zuva kutambura International

Pasinei kunzwisisa dzepasi hunhu kuuya nenjodzi kwechokwadi inopfuura hafu remakore, rimwe zuva kuroorwa kuyeuka vakaurayiwa havana zviitiko izvozvo zvinotyisa. Uye chete muna 2005 kwakasarudzwa kuti kusarudza zuva, waiva zuva kusunungurwa mumusasa Auschwitz rokutanga - musi wa27 Ndira. Holocaust Remembrance Day Asi mune dzimwe nyika, pane musi wako. MuHungary, nhasi akasarudzwa zuva vakawanda yokutama wokuHungary VaJudha cram - April 16, 1944. kwazvakarerekera mune Warsaw cram nguva, kwakaitika muna January 1943 uye Rairambidzwa akasarudzwa kuva chisingakanganwiki zuva muIsraeri. Maererano nekarenda yechiJudha, zuva 27 Nisani. Maererano karenda yaGregory , musi uyu rinobatana nguva 7 April kusvika 7 May. In Latvia asingakanganwiki zuva akasarudzwa musi waJuly 4, apo vose musinagoge vakapiswa muna 1941. October 9, 1941 vakatanga vakawanda munyika vaJudha Romanian. Raiva zuva Holocaust muRomania. Holocaust Remembrance Day muGermany mune, sezvo munyika, musi wa27 January.