Alapayevsk kutenda. Day kupfura dzemhuri youmambo. Canonization uye vapore

Alapayevsk kutenda akadana vanhu vasere (matanhatu Romanovs vavo vaviri pedyo), mhosva Bolsheviks akauraya July 18, 1918. Muri hama, machinda youmambo ropa Constantinovici (John Constantine uye Igor), Vladimir Paley, Sergey Vladimirovich, hanzvadzi Empress Elizaveta Feodorovna uye Nun Varvara uye mubatsiri mumwe wamachinda Feodor Remez. Vose vakanga kunyimwa hwavo unotevera usiku mushure kupfura mumhuri youmambo Nicholas II.

Link Romanovs kuna Urals

Pakarepo pashure kuuya nesimba, kuti Bolsheviks vakatanga aimbova mhuri youmambo patsanura. Townsfolk yakanakisisa anozivikanwa nokuda unosuruvarisa kutapwa Nicholas II, mudzimai wake nevana. Zvisinei, kumukira kunyange pashure maviri Russia yakanga yakawanda mhuri Romanov uye kuwedzera abdicated mambo. Mukutanga 1918, hurumende yeSoviet vari kuvhiringidzwa. Akaramba hondo pamwe Germany, uye mauto eGermany vava kusvika misoro miviri. In ichi yambira ezvinhu, mashoko Bolshevik vatungamiriri vakasarudza nechisimba vakatapwa Romanovs paruwa, saka havana dziite munhu pakaunda-chimurenga.

Pakapera March 1918 ose Alapayevsk Vakaurawa rinenge vakatumirwa Vyatka. Ava vaiva machinda Constantine, John uye Igor Konstantinovich Vladimir Pavlovich uye Sergei Mikhailovich. Nokukurumidza vose zvaiendeswa Ekaterinburg. Njodzi penhapwa akakwanisa veko Ural Bolsheviks, uyo akapiwa mirayiridzo yakananga kubva hurumende muMoscow uye Petrograd.

Kusungwa of Grand Duchess

Muna May 1918, musi mirairo First Chigaro Dzerzhinsky Latvian riflemen yokuzviparadzanisa nokuchengeteka navatariri vakanga vasunga Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna. Hanzvadzi Empress Alexandra paakanga akasungwa ari mairi anotsanangura kuti Marfo-Mariinsky chechechi. Elizabeth Feodorovna mari yavo yose pakusikwa wemamongi mushure 1905 gandanga akauraya murume wake - Mukuru Duke Sergei Alexandrovich.

Kusungwa kwakaitika musi Isita rechitatu. Kwehafu yeawa pamberi wokuLatvia Riflemen wemamongi akashanyirwa richangobva akasarudzwa Patriarch Tikhon. Zvisinei Akaedza hwokuchengetedza kusunungurwa Grand Duchess, pasinei nezvose, Elizabeth Feodorovna pamwe mutevedzeri wake Varvara Yakovleva akatuma Yekaterinburg. Rakanga yokupedzisira kugara pamusoro rusununguko mumiririri imba yekare mutongo. Focussing kuti Romanovs ari Urals waiva akaronga kuita. The Bolshevik utungamiri wakatsvaka kuvatuma panzvimbo imwe kuti kana zvakakodzera nyore dzokurasa zvaitika nhengo imba youmambo.

Nzira Alapaevsk

April 30 Ekaterinburg vakauya Nicholas II, mudzimai wake uye mumwe wevanasikana vake, Mariya. Mavhiki maviri gare gare akasvika muguta dzimwe nhengo mhuri namambo. The Bolsheviks vakatya zvakawanda zviri Romanovs muguta uye vakasarudza resettle navo. May 20 Alapayevsk kutenda paakasvika Alapayevsk, ndizvo 146 chete kubva Ekaterinburg.

Muna 1918 kwaiva 10000th muguta makore 200 enhau. The yokugara mumwe dangwe pakati Ural simbi Peter I. Alapaevsk akanga kunyange mukuru zvishoma Yekaterinburg. Vazhinji vose vaiziva zvizivikanwe nemakadhibhokisi simbi, kugadzirwa panguva yeko chirimwa. City nehofisi Yekaterinburg uye Nizhniy Tagil njanji.

Neteregiramu kuMoscow

Exiles raizoiswa chikoro kumucheto kweguta. Pakutanga, vakanga ainakidzwa hama rusununguko - aigona kufamba Alapaevsk, kuchechi, kunyorerana uye musafunganya pamusoro zvavo vakachengeteka. Romanovs kazhinji achizorora mubindu, nokuputswa pedyo chikoro, apo chavaida kunwa tii. Vabayiwa zvechitendero, Grand Duchess Elizaveta Fyodorovna akanyengetera zvikuru.

Varume vaiva nzvimbo yake imwe kuzvivaraidza. Kunyanya usaora mwoyo machinda muduku Constantinovici uye Vladimir Paley. Alarm vakarova chete Sergei Mikhailovich. Asati akateura Alapaevsk, akatuma teregiramu vasingagutsikani Lenin uye Sverdlov zita. Mushoko muchinda mukuru chema kwake rheumatism uye hasha okunze, vachikumbira kurishandura kuti Vyatka uye Vologda. teregiramu ake chakarambwa.

Check out Helena Petrovna

Okupedzisira mwedzi hwake Alapayevsk kutenda yaiitirwa chivakwa yechikoro, iro raiva duku mbiri uye mana makamuri makuru. Vakaisa pamwe chimwe koridho. Kuwedzera Romanovs, muchikoro akaiswa pabasa varindi pakati Red Army.

Corner kamuri inogarwa John K. wake Helena Petrovna. Akanga mukunda Serbian mambo Peter I. Sezvo Helena Petrovna haana Romanova, ivo Bolsheviks haana kusunga naye. Wife nokuzvidira ratapwa pashure murume. Nguva pfupi asati mhesano Alapayevsk nhamo, akaenda Moscow kuti mureverere kusunungurwa Romanovs.

July 7, Helena Petrovna, akasungwa Yekaterinburg. The dambudziko wake, iye asina vaiita chete Serbian Embassy, nedzenyu levers chokuita kuti Soviet hurumende kufurirwa. Pakafa murume Helena Petrovna akakwanisa psychoneurosis vakadzokera Moscow. Nokukurumidza iye akasiya Russia.

The tightening of kuvharirwa utongi

Pausiku June 13, 1918, Bolsheviks vakauraya Michael, uyo akashanda ari Perm kubatana. The wazvakaitika yakanga yakafukidzwa ingano pamusoro kuedza muduku mukoma Nicholas II kutiza. Nokukurumidza semanzwiro Permian chiitiko uye paakasvika vamwe Romanovs. Alapayevsk kutenda vaiva pasi kunyange kupfuura nokuongororwa. muusungwa hurumende yavo yakanga Unorudzi zvikuru makasimba. Romanov akatora zvose zvimwe zvinhu: zvipfeko, mari, goridhe. Vasungwa vakasiya kupfeka chete, kuchinjaniswa anoita andapeni neshangu. Matsamba ufambe guta yarambidza, yekudyidzana zvokudya zvishoma.

Chishamiso macheki vava chenhando. Nzvimbo Romanov youmambo iri Alapaevsk yakatanga muchiitiko zvakafanana mumazuva okupedzisira oupenyu Mikhail Alexandrovich uye Nicholas II. Kana nevarindi pamberi vakaita zvakanaka zvakakwana, zvino akava nehasha uye zvinonyadzisa. Kusvikira panguva iyi machinda makuru akanga lackeys dzavo, uye Elizabeth Feodorovna Akaperekedzwa nemasisita. Suite Izvi vabude Alapaevsk.

The kupfura mhuri Nicholas II kwakaita

Kupondwa Mikhail Alexandrovich ndiye wokutanga munhevedzano paumhondi pakati Romanovs, vakarongwa maererano Bolsheviks. Nguva pfupi pashure pokufa Grand Duke rakasvika zuva aurayiwe mhuri youmambo. Nicholas II nemhuri yake vakanga akachengetwa mumba Ipatiev. Pausiku July 17, 1918 mhuri The Imperial akatumwa zimba, apo chevapfuri akazarura moto pairi. Tisati kuti, mutungamiri Yakov Yurovsky akanga averenga kunze mutongo worufu. By ichiparara Kuyeuka zvaiitika, Nikolai chete akakwanisa kuti: "Chii?" Kana "A" Mambo haana kunzwisisa zvakanga zvichiitika, uye inotevera wechipiri Yurovsky akapa murayiro, uye rasstrelschiki akazarura moto.

Romanov vana vakaurayiwa pakarepo. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti ekupedzisira akafa Tsarevich Alexei. Vashandi Cheka nokuti mukuru chivimbo kuti vatevere vavo vakatambudzwa pamwe bayonets dzavo. kupfura kuna Ipatiev imba Kunyange asati aiendesa zvikuru vakagadzirira rori, umo muviri uye monica. Vakanga akavigwa kunze kweguta. Usiku ihwohwo Alapayevsk kutenda vachiri vapenyu. Chisarudzo pamusoro kutapwa kwavo, Bolsheviks akatora zuva rakatevera.

Umhondi panguva yangu

Grand Nemachinda haana kuziva pamusoro kupondwa Mikhail Alexandrovich uye mukoma wake. Day kupfura dzemhuri youmambo Alapaevsk akanga, senguva dzose. Pausiku July 18 kusvika chivakwa rechikoro, yaiva Romanovs paakasvika vanhu, vakazivisa kudiwa kwokukurumidzira kuenda kunzvimbo yakachengeteka nokuda ngozi mhepo bvuta (yehondo). Vakadzi vakaita zvose takabvunza pavo. Romanov maoko akasungwa uye kumeso. For nhapwa vagadzirira chaiwo zvingoro. Mune boka ravanhu kwete zvose vakaenda saka zvakanaka. Duke Sergei Mikhailovich akaramba kuteerera. Akanga vapfurwa ruoko uye vakamumanikidza kupinda chacho. Hama Constantinovici uye Vladimir Paley nemishonga haisi inopiwa.

The ngoro pamwe Romanovs vakaenda kunze kweguta. Isa Kumira yavo yakanga ine wangu Lower Selimskaja. Related nevasungwa zvakatungamirira anoburukira kupinda rimwe vakasiya zvimbambaira. Humwe dudziro zviitiko diverge. Maererano neimwe shanduro, iyo Romanovs akaurayiwa uye ugokandwa chiso atofa. Kune vamwe, vasungwa neromuromo demo ndosundwa mugomba rakadzikadzika. Zvinozivikanwa kuti zvangu vakakanda magirinedhi. Pashure paizvozvo, gomba akazadza pamwe matanda akafukidza nyika.

tsvangurudza Kolchak

Ezvinhu rufu Romanov (uye angu Alapaevsk, uye mumba Ipatiev) vanozivikanwa chena, zvishoma akaisa simba iri Urals panguva Civil War. Muna October 1918, Bolsheviks akatadza kudzora Yekaterinburg. Pakafa mhuri youmambo vakanga nokupomerwa. Admiral Alexander Kolchak akatora kuferefeta pasi ake pachake kuzvidzora.

Nokukurumidza vakakwanisa kuwana vatori kupondwa pedyo Alapaevsk. Mumwe wavo akanga ari Bolshevik Vasily Ryabov, uyo akapa uchapupu anokosha kuferefeta. Gomba rakacherwa. Mamiriro mitumbi akaratidza kuti havasi vose vakafira pakati Alapaevsk wangu akafa pakarepo. Nokudaro, muviri Vladimira Paleya akagara ari nokugara chinzvimbo. Prince John K. akanga mabhandeji chikamu wimple Elizabeth Feodorovna. Mukuwedzera, mumisha yakapoteredza kwenguva refu akanga runyerekupe kuti pashure wazvakaitika munharaunda vakasiya yangu anzwe muffled manzwi minyengetero.

Ngano kupambwa amachinda

Ural Bolsheviks akasarudza kuvhara mhosva yake ive jekiseni tisare. Zuva rakatevera pashure chinoshayikwa Duke Konstantin Romanov nevamwe, zvose pamusoro Alapaevsk yakashuma kupambwa nevachena akatapwa. Chete Shanduro akadzivirirwa ari teregiramu akatumwa dzomunzvimbo Executive Committee iri Yekaterinburg.

Pahwaro mashoko iyi yakavakirwa mashoko Sverdlov, Uritsky uye Zinoviev. Nokukurumidza pashure Bolshevik akanyatsorongwa akagadzira yebasa maonero chiitiko. Akaudzwa kuti nevachena havana chete aba Romanovs, asi akauraya mumwe varindi. Nokuti ziso dramatizations pamusoro chikoro akasiya chitunha isingazivikanwi, iyo kusvikira imwe nguva avete ari mochari. Mushure "Kutsakatika" of Romanov Red Army kuti predefined urongwa, vakazarura moto uye akamutsa aramu, simulating kurwisa nevachena. Papera mwedzi zviremera zveSoviet kuitwa chinhu kuongorora yechiitiko ichi, izvo, chokwadi, hazvina zvazvakabatsira.

Njodzi mapfupa

Muna June 1919 Red Army yakatanga pakaunda-kunogumbura musi Yekaterinburg. Chechi yeOrthodox akasarudza kutumira coffins anowanikwa zvakasara Romanov alapayevskoy yangu kumabvazuva. Pazvakava pachena kuti War Civil akarasika, vakakurudzirwa China. Coffins akavigwa mutemberi Beijing. Pashure peHondo Yenyika II nesimba muna China akasvika vaKomonisiti. Rector rine anoramba zvokuti pamakwara avo vakarasika zvachose. Chinese temberi yeRussian Church Orthodox vakanga nokukurumidza kuparadzwa. Kunyange ano nguva, nyanzvi Russian zvikuru vakasvika Beijing kuwana zvisaririra zviri Romanovs, asi kuedza zvose dzakaguma chinhu.

Mumakore upenyu Elizabeth Feodorovna akati kuti aida kuvigwa Munyika Tsvene. Naizvozvo, muna 1920, murume zvisaririra yakadzikiswa kubva Beijing kuParestina. Au Grand Duchess - Martyr Nun Varvara - vakawanawo rugare rokupedzisira muJerusarema.

canonization

Muna 1981 iye akafira mumugodhi pedyo Alapaevsk vakanga somusande ne neChechi yeOrthodox yokuRussia kunze. Kwenguva refu nguva paiva mubvunzo pamusoro nemaitirwo ari kumusha. Russian Church Orthodox somusande vaviri chete Alapayevsk kutenda (Elizavetu Fedorovnu uye sisita Varvara). The canonization kwakaitika muna 1992, mushure Soviet Union yakadhirika.

vapore

Gare gare pamutemo nemaonero Soviet Union pamwe maererano kune njodzi Romanovs akaurayiwa kuti rufu wavo waiva mugumisiro nehanya of Ural Bolsheviks uye vashandi. Hurumende yeSoviet padzimba ivepo, vakaramba kubvuma chokwadi chokuti umhondi muna Alapaevsk, Perm uye Yekaterinburg vakanga anosarudza chaipo pamusoro hurumende. Modern kutsvakurudza uye Kuziviswa magwaro akaratidza kuti dambudziko racho ragadziriswa Romanov pachake kuburikidza Lenin uye Sverdlov.

Prince Igor K. nevamwe vakaurayiwa pedyo Alapaevsk refu nguva vasina rehabilitated. Pfungwa kudzoka zvaizivikanwa rakatanga apo musoro weimba Romanov Maria VLADIMIROVNA, akaita nyaya kushanda kuna General Muchuchisi Hofisi of Russian Federation. Kudzidza kusarudza pamusoro vapore kwakaitwa sangano June 8, 2009. The mushumo Muchuchisi General yakati kuti Romanovs vavo anofungidzirwa Cheka vakava noutsotsi.