Broadsword - akatema-uye-rinobaya zvombo. Description uye pikicha

Mumazuva akare, kana muhondo zvachose akatonga unocheka chombo, pfungwa dzevanhu uchitsvaka itsva nzira kuparadza mhando kwavo akasika munondo - muchinjikwa pakati munondo uye Saber. , Dzimwe nguva unocheka mativi, chipande Raziel muvengi wake zvakananga kudaro zvinobudirira kuti kwemazana emakore akanga arsenals enyika dzakawanda dzokuEurope uye Asian.

Zvidhori zvakawanikwa mumakuva yekare

The tanga broadswords ivhu yakawanikwa mumakuva vokuBulgaria - vanhu Turkic mavambo uyo vakagara IV uye V remakore inowanzorimwa South-Eastern Europe. Pasinei yakadaro kure ichikosha, aiva zvose zvakafanana hunhu kuti akapukunyuka kusvikira nhasi.

Waiva chekawo-uye-kusundira chombo pamwe zvakananga unocheka mativi chipande, kusvikira mumwe mutinhimira pakureba, kuEfeso, yakagadzirirwa kudzivirira maoko uye zvishoma curved hilt. Zvinozivikanwa kuti broadswords chete kana kufanana chaizvo kushandiswa panguva Khazars, vaAvar, Alans, uye vanoverengeka nevamwe vamiririri yekare avanhu.

Minondo mumaoko varwi Asian

Zvakafanana magadzirirwo pakuonekwa bladed zvombo zvaigara munyika East uye Central Asia. Muna XIII-XIV remakore, vakanga vakashongera pamwechete wechiTatar-Mongol vazhinji, vakaita zvavo ropa vachirwisa uye vakabata mukuteerera rinokosha weRussia yekare. Dzavo minondo aiva yaitsigira divi nokugeda, nokusika murwi vamwe zvinobatsira mune hwavapo kurwisana zvombo nokuda uremu duku. Mukuwedzera, vari nyore kugadzira uye saka isingadhuri.

Zvombo Caucasus

Vari zvinowanzoshandiswa uyewo kuCaucasus neMiddle East. A zvakafanana kuchiitwa broadswords akaita yokuMabvazuva gunsmiths, aiva simba ruoko dziviriro. Efeso haana vaiva kunzwisisa mamiriro izvo maitire nokuda Western muenzaniso yakazotevera kumwedzi, uye akanga ari kutonga, chete muchinjikwa kubva chinhu chakakombama.

Pakati broadswords, izvo zvombo vanhu Caucasus vanozivikanwa ainzi Frangulov. Ivo zvakaendeswa Khevsurs - madzinza vaigara rwizi bheseni Khevsurian Aragvi uye okumusoro kunosvika of Argun. hilt dzavo uye mumuhara okovyvalis yendarira kana simbi ndiro uye kwazvo akashongedzwa mapatani mu National vachizvikwidziridza. Zvikuru kushandiswa minondo Georgia. chinhu yavo yakanga mubato, zvakafanana chitarisiko kune avo pave paya kunogona kuonekwa vamabhiza zvidimbu.

Broadswords basa Indian remhizha

Very chombo mukurumbira aiva munondo, uye kuIndia. Pano, magadzirirwo ayo aiva oga zvachiri, mukuru pakati rinova chimiro chipande. Aine kureba vanenge makumi masere masendimita uye munhu mumwe chete angoramba Sharpening iye kunoumba nevamwe kuwedzera kusvika kumugumo, akanga denderedzwa. Uyezve, kwaiva mutsauko yepakutanga simba uye yakavimbika kunodzivirira hilt ruoko, iine makapu maviri interconnected pedyo simbi bhendi. zvakagadzirwa ichi chainzi Rairangpur.

Munguva Late Middle Ages, akazviratidza India imwe broadswords mhando, rinonzi Firangi. mavambo ake akarara chipande, yakanga Vakarodza nehafu, kureva, seri mujeri kusvika hafu, uye Basket hilt, izvo ane jeko nechiredzo, zvinobatsirawo kuita muvengi.

The mimwe yacho Western broadswords European rokutanga

In Western Europe, kwakadai chombo akazviratidza nekaupenyu kunopera - iri XVI remakore, asi kamwe akanga kunoongwa uye kwakapararira. Munguva forties, Hungary hussars ave mukwanisi kune zvetsika Saber panguva vakatanga kushandisa bakatwa rake.

Zvombo makamuisa pedyo chigaro uye Anonyanyowanika kushandiswa kubaya, yaiva nyore chaizvo nemhaka refu chipasa. Panguva iyoyowo mubato design, uye vamwe akafanana curved Saber, anotema akabvumira kununura ukapisa murwi simba.

Pakupera ari XVI remakore chaihwo riwedzere kuti zvimwe kupararira broadswords aiva kuwanika Western Europe nguva dzose vamapoka rinorema emauto - cuirassiers. Chinhu chinokosha kwavo kuzvidzivirira nadzo aiva simbi chipfuva - cuirass, yakavimbika kunodzivirira Saber inovhuvhuta, asi tiri pangozi rinorema uye refu chipande, yakanga nepokuongorora zvikuru dzakabudirira mhando chombo, vakaburukira munhau somunondo cuirassiers.

New wokuScotland gunsmiths

Around imwe nguva pave nokuumba simbi chando akaita Scotland. It akasikwa, uye akazova akakurumbira yose UK anonzi wokuScotland broadsword. Kana chiri munondo unocheka mativi zvavo uye zvairatidzika avo vakanga vakapakata minondo, varindi - hilt of rokudzivirira muruoko murwi, chiri chinhu chitsva.

Yakanga yava hombe uye chakafanana ngoro ine vakawanda mapazi. Iye akaendesa yomukati pose ganda kana tsvuku vherevheti. Mukuwedzera, hilt akashongedzwa brushes dzakagadzirwa horsehair. kazhinji bakatwa Scots kushandiswa pachiimbwa duku reraundi nhoo. Kubatana uku kunoita kuti kuitisa vose kundorwa kuzvidzivirira uye kunogumbura.

Walloon minondo

Vaongorori vanodavira kuti Western munondo European - chombo, zvichiguma kuchinja pre-zviripo rinorema munondo vamabhiza, iyo yainzi Chigaro, sezvo kazhinji pritorachivalas chigaro. Panyaya iyi, pakutanga kunzi broadswords Walloon minondo, musoro kunharaunda Belgium, apo kwakadai chombo rakanyorwa. Dzavo mamirire chinhu chiri zvishoma asymmetrical hilt, yakavimbika kudzivirira muruoko murwi kuburikidza mundiro ndiye vakapakata vakawanda namaberere uye transverse crosspiece.

nguva New - zvitsva kuitika

Muzana XVII remakore iri hondo munyika dzakawanda dzokuEurope pane zvombo kubatana kwacho. Pakutanga, mumwe chete mureza kuroora akapfupikisa echiShinto uye squadrons, uye ipapo yose kwemarudzi vamabhiza. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, munondo, chombo chaishandiswa pamberi yose vamabhiza, pasina chaakasiya razova chikamu zvombo ane of the dragoon uye cuirassier nhengo.

Pakazosvika pakati pezana remakore XVIII yachinja pamasikiro chipande. In Nzvimbo unocheka mativi chipande uya Vakarodza rumwe rutivi chete uye kuva sevakagurika garo. Kunyange chete akaramba chimiro chayo uye kukura, umo akaramba zvombo zvakakwana simba uye rinorema.

zvikwata Zvombo chebhodho

For matatu emakore, kubva XVI kusvika XIX remakore, munondo yakashandiswa chete panyika asiwo pagungwa. Akanga chinokosha reuto yevanogara zvikwata - kumhanya thugs uyo vakakakatira simbi nezvikokovonho akwira chikepe muvengi, vakamhanyira melee. munondo Basket-hilted akanga akasiyana vaainamata kunyika, pakutanga kwezvose, ndechokuti wavarindi vake akaitwa muchimiro anoshongwa.

Paiva nezvimwe kusiyana. mumwe ane mativi chipande aro aiva urefu, richisvika masere masendimita, uye wakafara makubhiti anenge mana masendimita, aizorega womunatsi - longitudinal gwara chakagadzirirwa kuderedza uremu uye zvinopa humwe simba. Panyaya iyi, gungwa rakaita munondo inifanduri, akanga akafanana chinoratidza chipande mamiriro.

Broadswords muuto Russian

MuRussia, munondo akaonekwa mukupera XVII remakore. Izvi zvakanga zvakafanira kuti vakawanda vokune dzimwe nemauto nemapurisa zvaiwanzoitwa kuuya navo nepfuti uye mapanga. Photos apedzisa nyaya rinotaura broadswords akawanda kuti nguva, akaita muMoscow, asi chinoitwa dzimwe yokutevedzera. Kwavari, sezvo kuonekwa, dzinoratidzwa raiiswa mubato, nyore kushandisa Chop kubva bhiza rake, uye muchinjikwa, rakanga zvakananga kana akatura kuna chipande mazano.

In wokutanga kota XVIII remakore, pasi Peter I, muuto Russian zvakatangwa of the dragoon regiments somumwe inonyatsobudirira mhando rinorema emauto. The chikuru chinoumba chikamu kwavo zvombo kwakanga munondo - chombo zvakanakisisa wakanyatsokodzera hworudzi urwu mauto. Kudiwa nokuti wamuka hasha, sezvo kunze Dragoon zviyero, vakanga vakabata bhiza-grenadier uye karabinerskie echiShinto.

Production uye youhu broadswords

Kubvira panguva iyoyo, zvakatanga kuita fekitari nzira, nokudaro Kusuma imwe kubatana, asi, mukuwedzera, chinokosha nhamba broadswords nokudzikinurwa kubva kunze kwenyika. In Western Europe, chikuru muzinda kugadzirwa raiva guta wokuGermany Solingen, iyo panguva iyoyo vakavhura wandei mabhizimisi, kushandisa pagadzirwe chando simbi.

Made muRussia broadswords vaiva wandei nevamwe zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, zvigadzirwa rakapa paitonga Empress Catherine II, yakashongedzwa ane achiita zvokutemera unoratidza korona yake monogram - "E II». The mumuhara yakaitwa chedebwe kana akaita namatanda uye akafukidza nematehwe. tsika iyi zvakaramba kusvikira 1810, apo murayiro Alexander I, ivo vakaitwa nesimbi. The chete Kunze aiva pavakakwira Saber, uyo mumuhara vachiri nematehwe.

Palash somunhu hwokuzvimirira bladed zvombo mhando chinonyanya akatekeshera mu yokutanga yezana XIX remakore. Panguva ino, vakabata Russian nemauto akawanda European vakanga wandei mhuka ake. Pakati pavo, vatsvakurudzi zvirikuburitswa Guards Cuirassier munondo, mauto cuirassiers, dragoons, uye pakupedzisira, imwe inifanduri munondo. Mumwe nemumwe kwemarudzi idzi ine maitiro ayo. Common wavo chinoratidza vakava chipande design, razova kubva pakutanga XIX remakore rinocheka.

Zvombo, razova chinhu miziyamu chimedu

Mazuvano, minondo kuonekwa bedzi mumaoko mauto vakatakura mureza rukudzo murindi panguva Naval Fleet kweRussia. Scientific uye kwesayenzi mberi vakavadzinga kubva arsenals ano. The zvinoitirwa yaakavingwa zvinenge zvose rinocheka zvombo. Photos munyaya iyi, muri mhando retrospective mune yakapfuura nyika apo, nokumutsa huruva, akaenda kurwisa vamabhiza dhaka, uye dzaipenya muzuva akapfura kudenga vanotyisa mashizha.