Chii socialization uye sei anochinja munhu

Edza kunzwisisa zviri socialization, chii chiri pezvawakaita uye unhu. Pashure pezvose, nokuti munhu wose kupinda vanhu uye kudzidza mitemo yayo inokosha ndiyo hwaro mamwe matambudziko-vakasununguka uye vabudirire muupenyu uye basa. Saka, chii socialization? Chero bhuku ano vachakuudza kuti ichi Izwi rinoreva inofanira familiarizing wacho kune evanhu paradigm, kujairirana evanhu mabasa, kubatanidzwa unosvika seboka pakukurukurirana, kurovedza kazhinji kugamuchirwa maitiro, tsika uye mafungiro. Saka, iyi ndiyo inodikanwa mwana mumwe nokuda nekutambira upenyu zvizere munyika, uye anouya kuburikidza nedzidzo uye nekudzidzisa mumhuri, kuenda kukireshi uye chikoro.

pfungwa budiriro

Mubvunzo chii socialization, akarerwa vekare Muzivi wechiGiriki Aristotle, uyo vakati kuti voruzhinji kana kuti muviri ndiwo munhu. Tiine chidzoke kwakakodzera munzanga nesayenzi ari XIX remakore, mubvunzo uyu amutswa zvakare. Maererano nevakawanda panguva iyoyo, chepakutanga vanhu akaziviswa ane pakutanga mhuka, chirongwa socialization wakaonekwa sezvo chairoiro wakakwana uye layette evanhu mafungiro. Gare gare, maonero ichi yakarasika nemusoro. zvave vakaratidza kuti munhu aimbova pasocial ari pamwe pave shanduka pfungwa uye ongororo munzanga. Nokudaro, mubvunzo chii socialization, vakachinja dzokuAustralia dzavo. Zvino ichi muitiro kunoonekwa sechinhu nezvishoma kwadzakabva zvinodiwa yakati yevanhu. Hapana chakavanzika munhoroondo yevanhu kuzivikamwa nzanga vakawanda dzakasiyana uye patsika dzemunharaunda. With zvishoma nezvishoma kudzidza uye kukura zivo pamusoro chiitiko ichi. A yakawanda kuti zvakonzerawo zvishande zvepfungwa kuti vanodzidza paumbwe kuyaruka uye psychoanalysis.

The muitiro Matanho

Modern socialization dzidziso inotaura matanho anoverengeka Fani iyi upenyu hwevanhu:

• Primary socialization ndiko kuziva yokutanga nyika mwana. danho Izvi zvichida chinonyanya kukosha, nekuti mumakore okutanga anoteya inokosha setup, izvo acharamba kufurira omumwe kwohumwe dzidzo. Panguva iyi inokosha basa reDare vabereki mwana wacho, nokuti kumupa pfungwa yokutanga pamusoro nyika uye vanhu.
• Secondary socialization. Iye anga kubuda wokutanga zvikwata vezera, iyo anowana vanhu: kukireshi, kuchikoro. Pano, mwana anoona itsva magariro mabasa uye kudzidza kushamwaridzana kukura boka kare. The hwaro kukosha yakarongwa munguva chikuru socialization, asi panguva ino akapa mumwe unhu zvinokosha chaizvo kuti chokuita gare gare muupenyu tsika uye zvaunokoshesa, uyewo pamusoro pachavo unhu munhu.

Uyezve, pane mhando wandei chiitiko ichi. Zvisinei, ichi yokuti pane yatova socialization vechiduku uye vakuru:

• Resocialization. Muitiro kubvisa sizvo kana rwakashata maitiro uye dzidzo idzva mangwanani sezvo zera chikonzero. Akadaro apiwa socialization zvinoitika pamwe munhu wose muupenyu hwake. Chaizvoizvo, zviri inofanira kwadzakabva kune simba nyika yakavapoteredza: kukura zvigadzirwa, kuchinja basa mamiriro, ezvoupfumi, magariro zvinomiririra, uye zvichingodaro.
• socialization kweSangano - kuunganidza ruzivo nyanzvi uye unyanzvi kuita chairo munzanga basa musangano.