Chirungu Bourgeois chimurenga

The Chirungu Bourgeois chimurenga, zvikonzero izvo akaumbwa kunyange pasi Elizabeth 1, nyaya rakakamurwa muzvikamu zvina. Chokutanga chaiva yepamutemo pachikuva. Izvi zvakateverwa yevagari vemo. Uyezve, kutamburira democratic kugutsikana uye imwe hondo yevagari. Dzaguma Chirungu Bourgeois chimurenga rechi17 paumbwe Independents Republic.

Sezvambotaurwa, pakati muparamende uye korona kurwa dzakasunungurwa kunyange pasi Elizabeth 1. Mumakore rokutonga Charles 1 kunetsana uku kwakaita kuti pokufa reParamende. Pashure vakatanga Chirungu Bourgeois chimurenga, ainzi munhau se "kupanduka kukuru."

Somunhu chombo Pfungwa nezvokupikiswa waitsigira hombe-pamwero vezvitendero uye vezvematongerwo enyika paruzhinji kushamwaridzana - Puritanism. Puritan kufamba ndiko siyana maonero uye kunzwisisa mumagariro uye enyika marongerwo. Izvi zvakaita kuti chokwadi kuti mukati sangano pamusoro pavanotaurirana vaiva huru hova matatu.

Aimbova vanosanganisira vaPresbyterian. Rinowanikwawo mukati aburuka vakakwirira uye bourgeoisie. Vakakumbira pokugadzwa munhu yepamutemo umambo.

Chechipiri kuitika vaiva Independents. Pakati pavo vaimiririra diki uye pakati kwamachinda, pakati strata ari dzomumaguta bourgeoisie. Vakanga vachida shoma yepamutemo umambo pamwe kuziviswa uye kuziva inalienable rusununguko kuvagari vose.

Chokwadi Independents levelers vakamira panze, rakanga vakaramba varimi navapfuri vesimbi. Levellers waitsigira pfungwa National kuenzanirana uchangamire wakarwira hwagadzwa imwe zvokuvhoterwa.

Chirungu Bourgeois chimurenga yakatanga nokukurumidza chaizvo. Izvi zvakabatsira kuti kumhanyisa kwenyika uye kukundwa muna 1639 mune hondo Anglo-wokuScotland.

Zvinhu chaizvo zvashata. Urban uye murimi mudiki nokumukira, Kusagutsikana pakati vatengesi uye mari, kushaya mari akaisa namambo mune imwe tariro ezvinhu. Somugumisiro, Carl 1 musangano reparamende itsva, yainzi refu. Kubvira musi Chirungu Bourgeois chimurenga kwakaita kuti yepamutemo Danho rechipiri.

Long Paramende mukufamba basa ravo vakatora Triennial Act (izvo akasimbisa convening reParamende pamakore matatu zvisinei zvaidiwa namambo), rugwaro kuti Paramende haagoni zvichanyungudutswa pasina kwayo mvumo. Rakazoshandiswa uye Grand Remonstrance, izvo zvinoratidza zvinodiwa kwamachinda uye bourgeoisie itsva.

Nokudaro, akagamuchira simba nemabasa yekudyidzana kukunyimai Corona, apo kukurudzira kugadzwa munhu yepamutemo umambo. Anopindura hukuru chinzvimbo mune Paramende vaPresbyterian vakatya kukura chimurenga.

King muna 1642, mukupera muzhizha reParamende rakazivisa hondo. Chirungu Bourgeois chimurenga akakura hondo yokutanga yevagari. Nokuda kuzengurira prosviterian mutemo, Parliament akakunda. The muchiuto utungamiriri akatora pamusoro Independents.

Zvisinei, pakazosvika chirimo 1645 mauto weparamende kurongwazve. The Civil War (wokutanga) kwakaguma pokukundwa youmambo mauto. Presbyterian Parliament vaiona chimurenga vapedza, zvaienderana ari kuumbwa chinzvimbo uye zvematongerwo enyika munyika panheyo yepamutemo umambo.

Zvisinei, dzimwe kuitikawo maviri (Levellers uye Independents) vakatsvaka mamwe akachinja. Muna 1648, zvakanga yakakanda yevagari hondo pakati Independent muPresbyterian uye reParamende. Somugumisiro kurwa wokutanga akatora London kuburikidza dzakakudzingai the Long reParamende Presbyterian ruzhinji.

Mushure papfuma youmambo muna 1649 England akava zvokuvhoterwa. Sezvo simba guru raiva mumaoko paramende unicameral.

Vatungamiri Independents akatungamirira pamwe Cromwell akasimbisa rechiuto udzvinyiriri. Vatungamiri dzaivatsigira Levellers vakakandwa mujeri.

The okudzvinyirira hurumende akawira afa Cromwell. Munyika a1659 yakanga pamutemo wakadzikwa zvokuvhoterwa. Somugumisiro ari kubvuta masimba mumakore 1688-89 zvakatanga nzwisisa pakati aburuka vakakwirira uye bourgeoisie.