Composer, kuronga, muimbi uye mutungamiri Varlamov Alexander Vladimirovich: biography, zvisikwa uye zvinonakidza chokwadi

Imwe firimu inozivikanwa inotungamirirwa naKaren Shakhnazarov "Isu tiri jazz" yakapinda mumashure makumi maviri ebhizimisi-office muUSSR muna 1983. Iyi firimu yaive yakavakirwa munyaya dzekusika kweSoviet jazz band muma1920s. Vanyori vavo vakaudzwa nemunyori, munyori, anoronga uye mutungamiriri Alexander Varlamov. Yakanga iri kubva mubasa rake, maererano naLeonid Utesov, zvose zvakatanga ...

Nhoroondo pfupi yeAlexander Varlamov ichaendeswa kune yako munyaya yacho.

Kupenya kwe jazz muSoviet Russia

Chizvarwa chemazuva ano, kwete ruzivo rwe jazz, zvinoratidzika kuti iyi mimhanzi yeNegro yave isingave yakakosha muUSSR. Zvisinei, izvi hazvisi zvechokwadi zvechokwadi. Paiva nokutambudzwa kwejaizz, asi gare gare. Mumakore makumi matatu, tsika iyi yemimhanzi yakanzi ndiyo inyanzvi uye inobudirira yehutungamiri. Jazz orchestras yakaridzwa muKremlin, yakabatanidzwa mukudhinda mafirimu kuMosfilm, somuenzaniso, mumifananidzo "Circus", "Jolly Fellows", "The Girl Hurries Pazuva". Paiva nenopfuura mazana orchestra orchestra munyika. Iyi tsika yemimhanzi yakawira murudo nevakawanda. Anogona kunzwika muresitorendi, pamutambo wekutamba, mune foyer ye cinema isati yatanga masangano, mukonikiti, pachikisi, pamushumo uye nerekodhi.

Yekutanga yeSoviet jazz orchestras

MuMoscow muna 1936 vakagadzira State Jazz Orchestra, iyo yakanga ichitungamirirwa naVictor Knushevitsky. Masangano ake ejaizz aiva nevateresi neRadio Committee. Pakati pemakambani emimhanzi, maitiro akadai sezwi rezwi uye mutambo wepombi yejaija zvaizivikanwa. Mamwe mazita emakwikwi ejaija anobva kuPoland, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Sweden akashanda nesimba munyika.

Nheyo dzekusika dzejaija dzema1930 dzakatarisa nzira yekufambiswa kwehutungamiri muRussia. Mimhanzi inotungamirirwa naValentin Parnakh mukuita yakaratidza kuti jazz inogona kuva nhamba yakasununguka mukambani uye philharmonic genre, kuitira kuti ma1930 anzi "nguva yegoridhe" yeSoviet jazz. Panguva imwecheteyo, boka re jazz raAlexander Varlamov rinooneka. Muna 1930 akasika "Pervoksay", zvisingaiti "Izwi rekutanga rezwi rezvinyorwa zvemazuva ano."

Biography: Alexander Varlamov uye rudo rwake rwemimhanzi muhuduku hwake

June 19, 1904 mumhuri yekusika yakaberekerwa Alexander Vladimirovich Varlamov. Kunyange zvazvo iye pachake akataura kuti zuva rake rekuberekwa ndewe mwedzi gare gare - July 19. A pier mune zvinyorwa zvakasanganiswa uye zvakanyorwa munaJune. Shamwari uye hama dzakarumbidza mutadzi musi wekuzvarwa kwake kaviri - munaJune uye munaJuly. Aigara achifara zvikuru nezvazvo.

Alexander Varlamov akaberekerwa muguta reSimbirsk munzvimbo ine mimhanzi. Tateguru vake vaiva munyori uye munyori wekuda kudanana uye nziyo. Konstantin Aleksandrovich Varlamov, babamunini vake, aiva mukurumbira anozivikanwa zvikuru. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti nhengo zhinji dzemhuri dzaifarirawo mimhanzi. Amai vaSasha vaduku vakavhenekera mubasa re opera muimba, vakaimba mukereke yekereke.

Chisarudzo pakati pemimhanzi nemitambo

Kuenderera mberi kwakanaka kwemhuri yemhuri kwakave kushingaira kweimba yaAlexander Vladimirovich Varlamov, iyo yakava basa rake. Kurarama kusvika munaSeptember 1918 muSimbirsk, Alexander akadzidza pakutanga kwekutanga, uyezve mune wechipiri gymnasium. Muta rimwe chete, akapedza chikoro chemimhanzi pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaEV. Zetnerskoy. MuSimbirsk, yekutanga yezvisikwa-mimhanzi "Evenings" uye mutambo "Kusuruvara" - yakabudiswa.

Zvisinei, mimhanzi haina kunge yakanyatsoziva zviroto zvevechiduku Alexander. Aida kuzvicherechedza mubasa rekuita zvinoshamisa. Nokuti Varlamov uyu muna 1922 akapinda muhofisi inoshanda muGITIS. Zvisinei, rudo rwemimhanzi rwakanga rwakasimba, Alexander anoenda kuchikoro chemimhanzi. The Gnessins. Ikoko ari kuita chikwata chekugadzirisa nevatenzi vakadaro saRheingold Glier naDmitry Rogal-Levitsky.

Passion for jazz

Paaidzidza muMoscow Varlamov Alexander akatanga kunzwa jazz. Akaenda kune kambani ye jazz Valentin Parnakh. Vateereri vakafara uye vakashamiswa nemusambo unoshamisa uye mimhanzi mitsva. Muna 1926, Alexander Varlamov akapinda mubasa rekufambisa jazz band Frank Wilters. Mimhanzi yakashamisika uye yakagamuchirwa naAlexander Varlamov. Akatanga kunzwisisa zvinyorwa zvejaya rekugadzira, chirongwa chekutamba, instrumentation.

Kuda kwejaizz Alexander Varlamov kwakaratidzwawo nekushingaira kwake kwemarevhiya engineering. Achishandisa redhi yakagadzirwa kumba, akateerera mimhanzi iyi inoshamisa. Chiratidzo chake chikuru chaive pa jazz mushure mekuona iyo firimu "King of Jazz", umo munyori wezvakakurumbira uye pianist George Gershwin akaita rake rhapsody. Alexander Varlamov iye pachake anotanga kunyora mimhanzi mumutauro we jazz.

Nhanho dzokutanga mu jazz

Mutambo wokutanga pamwe chete weAlexander Varlamov waiva "Pervoksay". Akapedza nedhipatimendi mumutungamiri muna 1931-1933, ndiye musoro weiyo mimhanzi yeMoscow miniatures theater. Zvisinei, zvirongwa zvake zvakanga zvakasiyana. Varlamov Alexander anounganidza jazz orchestra kuCentral House yeRobert Army uye anotora kambani yekutanga yepamusoro.

Achicherechedza kuvanhu vose, anokwezva kubatana nemuimbi weAfrica-America Celestina Kohl. Nenzira, nhau nemuiti uyu aiva mufirimu "Tiri kubva ku jazz". MuU.SR, akakokwa nehama, mushandi weMoscow Bearing Plant, vamiriri veMoscow Soviet, Robert Robinson. MuMoscow, akagamuchira vagari uye akadzidza kuimba. Aifarira unyanzvi hwemakwikwi eVarlamov, uye, achibvumirana, ivo vakatobudisa zvinyorwa.

Kunyangwe pamusangano wekutanga, Celestine akaramba zvachose kuti aite nejecha rejazz yevatsvene. Mutungamiriri weboka reFelik Danilevich hake, asi akanyengetedza muimbi. Kunyanya nokuda kwake, Alexander Varlamov akanyora maitiro "Yellow Rose", "Lallabye", "Rhapsody of Love" naWilliam uye "Time in My Hands".

Gare gare Varlamov Alexander akaunganidza wekutanga mubatanidzwa weboka revimbi-improvisers "Seven". Muna 1938 akashanda pamwe nechechi ye jazz yeAll-Union Radio Committee, pamwe chete naye akaita zveSoviet terevhizheni. Mumakore ekutanga makumi mana-aya aiva mukuru weimba yeimba ye jazz yeMVTU. N. Bauman, akazoitwa neHurumende Jazz Orchestra yeU.SR.

Nekuputika kwehondo, State Gajaz yeU.SR yakashandurwa kuva muenzaniso we jazz orchestra we People's Commissariat of Defense. Vose vakaungana vakaenda mberi, apo vanenge vose vaimhanzi vaiurayiwa. Varlamov Alexander akagara muMoscow uye akatungamirira jazz symphonic paAll-Union Pop Art Studio. Akagadzirira nhamba yemimhanzi yemitambo pamberi pevasungwa vekuUnited States mumapasitadhi eMurmansk neArkhangelsk.

Makore mukutapwa

Zvirongwa zvakakura zvemuimbi ane tarenda zvaisatariswa zvisingatarisirwi munguva yechando muna 1943. Alexander Varlamov akaiswa mujeri nemauto emasoja. Akadzingwa kubva kuMoscow kuenda kuUrials, ndokuzoenda kuKazakhstan. Kusvikira muna 1948 ndiye aiva mukuru weboka remusasa, akashanda semudzidzisi muKagaganda. Pane zvikamu zvakawanda zvezvikonzero zvekusungwa uye kusungwa kwemuimbi, asi chiitiko chaiyo hachizivikanwi. Alexander Varlamov akapomerwa nekugadzira makonti yevaJalimane, achigadzirira kutizira kune dzimwe nyika uye kutengesa maMelandland. Akapedza makore 13 mumisasa uye kutapwa.

Mushure mehondo

Akagadzirisa munyori muna 1956, akadzorerwa mu Union of Composers. Mushure mekudzokera kuMoscow Varlamov Alexander Vladimirovich akanyora mimhanzi yeimhanzi dzakasiyana-siyana, mapurogiramu ezerevhizheni, mafirimu. Nechiedza chake, rwiyo rwakadaro rwemakambani e "Nguva Yokutanga", "Happy Hour", "Upenyu Hwakanaka Hwakakwana", "Dixie Lee" uye vamwe vakawana mukurumbira.

Akanyora mitambo: "Romantic Rhapsody", "My Favorite Edge", "Iwe Unotenda, Unonzwisisa" nevamwe. Varlamov aiva mushanduri ane tarenda, akashandurwa nziyo dzenyika uye akazviita. Akanga ari mutongi weBitaliyana barcarole mukushanda kwaAdeline Patti.

Alexander Varlamov munyori wekuti, muma1970, akanyora mabasa eboka guru. Guta reSimbirsk, rakazonzi Ulyanovsk, rakatsaurira chimiro che "Concert for trumpet neimbai" muna 1986. Akashanda zvakaoma mukuita maitiro uye pamwe pamwechete vaimhanzi vachitamba, izvo zvakakonzera kuwedzera kukuru mune zvematongerwo enyika muSozz jazz uye zvakakonzera kukura kwe jazz muUSSR. Pakupera kwehupenyu hwake, Alexander Varlamov aigara kuMoscow mudunhu reBibirevo, uye muna 1979 akapiwa zita rokuti "Mudzidzisi Akarumbidzwa weRSFSR." Muumbi wacho akafa musi waAugust 20, 1990, uye akavigwa paMuzinda waMododedovo.