Dmitry Ustinov - Marshal of Soviet Union, vanhu commissar uye Minister of USSR Armed. Biography, mibayiro

Future muchiuto Dmitry Ustinov akaberekwa Samara mu zvake rinobudirira mhuri. Pasinei akazvarwa muna 1908 (nguva pfupi asati atanga Revolution), akakwanisa kutora chikamu mune Civil War - zvayo zvakanyanyisa papi. The kuyaruka havana kunyange nguva kupedzisa zvidzidzo zvangu.

Basa iri Red Army

Muna 1922 iye nokuzvidira akabatana Red Army. Akanga akatumirwa kune inonzi anokosha mauto (CHOZ). Dzakasikirwa mumakore okutanga Hurumende yeSoviet. Vaiva "uto yebato" mapoka kuonekwa panguva Party musero uye Regional makomiti kurwisa pakaunda-chimurenga.

Young Dmitry Ustinov akatumwa Central Asia. In Turkestan, aifanira kuita hondo pamwe riine zvisungo, vaiva mumwe okupedzisira bastions kurwisa kuti hurumende itsva yechiKomonisiti.

kudzidza

Chinotevera muzvipiri muchiuto muna 1923 uye akatumirwa Kostroma province. Ikoko anodzidza ari Makariev muna yekosi chikoro. Mumakore gore, Dmitry Ustinov anotora CPSU (b). Pashure pakabudiswa vashoma mabasa samakanika. Balakhna kutanga pepa chigayo, ipapo fekitari pamusoro Ivanovo-Voznesensk.

New muna 1929 jaya anoenda veko Polytechnic Institute. Ipapo nokukurumidza hunoparadza Koshanda manera uye anova nhengo yebato Bureau. The makings ane mutungamiri akamutendera kuenda Leningrad, apo panguva iyoyo akaenda staffing Military Mechanical Institute.

Iye aripo munguva tsarist nguva, uye pashure pokuchinja akanga dzakachinjwa nguva zhinji, kusanganisira tsika dzisiri rokudzidzisa. Zvino kune rorusununguko atirari uye zvombo. Muna 1934, Dmitriy Fedorovich Ustinov rinobudiswa ane injiniya ikoko. Nhasi, yunivhesiti rinobereka zita rake.

"Bolshevik"

Pakarepo matarenda injiniya yaiva Leningrad atirari Marine Research Institute. Pano mapurofesa vakashanda kwemakore akawanda nokuomesa uye titanic ruzivo. Ustinov aiva musoro yakakurumbira Aleksey Nikolaevich Krylov - Vanamakanika, masvomhu uye shipbuilder. Akanga aizivikanwa vakawanda yokungotaura nemabasa, nokuti yamakagamuchira somubayiro mambo, uye Soviet wehurumende. Maererano zvikuru Ustinov, yaiva mudzidzisi wake chikuru makanyatsomudzidzisa kwaari kuziva musangano uye yavo tsvakurudzo.

Mumakore iwayo panhengo nomenklatura uye hwokugadzira vepamusoro of Soviet Union vakanga vakawanda repressions. Old cadres akafa Gulag, vakatsiviwa nemazita matsva. Dmitriy Fedorovich Ustinov aibva kudanwa uku chaizvo "muduku".

Anoomesa pamusoro "Bolshevik", iro nokukurumidza (muna 1938) akava mutungamiriri. boka iri raiva pamutemo akatsiva yakakurumbira Obukhov fekitari uye rinokosha zvine urongwa chinhu. Pano zvishoma kutangira nematarakita anofamba Soviet uye dzehondo.

Dmitry Ustinov akauya pano pasi patronage Yokutanga Munyori Leningrad Regional uye City Andreya Zhdanova. Akabvunza kuti omurume kunonyanyisa zvazvinoita. The vakaronga upfumi basa zvachose, kuti Implementation nomumwe zvaida mitemo. Ustinov akatora boka iri anosuruvarisa ezvinhu. Asi akanga asingatyi kuenda nokuda nezviyero ngozi changed zvokushandisa kupinza ivhu, apiwa vanokwanisa vashandi, etc. Somugumisiro, fekitari akatanga kununura yepamusoro Ezvemutauro ... Gosplan akanga kupfuura, uye musikana mukuru akave nokugamuchira Mweya Order of Lenin.

Ustinov, kufanana vakawanda ayo renyeredzi, paitonga Stalin akaramba akasimba kusvikira pakuguma kwoupenyu. Kana udzvanyiriri akabata boka racho ake, kusanganisira Nikolai Voznesensky, iye anonzi izvi zviitiko chivande wakakomberedza mutungamiri.

Vanhu commissar zvombo

Mavhiki maviri asati kutanga hondo vaduku uye zvinovimbisa mukuru akagadzwa vanhu commissar of USSR zvombo. Stalin aidavira kuti zvakananga yavairwisana Reich hakudzivisiki, asi zvichaitika kwete kwokutanga pane ari gore kana maviri. Panguva ino, wakatarisira rearm nyika, kuvimba Ustinov chizvarwa mano uye kuzvitsaurira.

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kugadzwa Director ve "Bolshevik" nokuda pambiru vanhu commissar Lavrenty Beria sevasingafungi. Panguva ino akanga ari mukuru akauya Stalin, uye inzwi rake rakanga kusarudza mune vashandi nyaya.

Ndisina nguva kuenda akasarudzwa basa mumaoko masangano, musi June 22 bhero ake amuka Sachigaro Gosplan Nikolai Voznesensky akati kuti hondo yakatanga. Ndiyo nguva unoparadza basa zuva nezuva evacuating yose nemauto-maindasitiri zvakaoma kumabvazuva kwenyika yacho, kure kuuya mberi.

Kashoma Stalin vaiva "inviolable", saka kuti ndechokuti remangwana Marshal of Soviet Union achiri mupenyu uye muhofisi, anotaura pacharo. Zvisinei, kubudirira kwake kwakanga pachena uye pasina kuenzanisa kwakadaro. Akasimbisa basa emakambani neshure dzinongoita vakabatsira kukundwa Germany ari muhondo attrition. Gare gare, kare muna Brezhnev yaitonga Soviet Union Marshal akanga kunyanya airemekedzwa mazita anobudirira kubvisa okuwana.

In basa iri kwaivawo anosetsa zviitiko. Somuenzaniso, Ustinov akaputsa gumbo rake, akatasva mudhudhudhu (agara akada midhudhudhu). Achityira kurohwa Vakuru, iye akasvika Kremlin. Asi Stalin, maererano chairwo anosetsa, vanhu commissar akarayira kuti ape motokari itsva, kuitira kuti haachadi muzvidimbu haana kuputsa.

mberi basa

Pashure pehondo, Ustinov akasara ake pambiru. Muna 1946 kwaiva kuchinja zvinhu Commissariats. Vakanga kunzi Ushumiri (Dmitri sangano rakanga Bazi maoko USSR). Muna 1953, iye chikatsiviwa nechigaro uye vakatora kudzivirira indasitiri yacho mamiriro.

Makore matanhatu (kubvira 1957 kusvika 1963.) Aishanda neDare Vashumiri, kwaakanga vakananga basa kwavo profile. Somunhu munyaya Gagarin kutiza muchadenga akanga paakavapa musoro Hero pamusoro Socialist Labor.

Minister Kudzivirira

Ustinov aipikisa Khrushchev uye wevashumiri revapanduki, kubvisa iye. Apo Brezhnev akauya simba, Dmitri sezvingatarisirwa arambe ari mamiriro vepamusoro. Kubvira 1976, iye - Gurukota Kutsigira USSR uye nhengo Politburo pakati ari CPSU Central Committee. Mbiru izvi iye zvabatwa kusvikira parufu rwake.

Mune Brezhnev makore, aiva mumwe vashoma vakatora chikamu mune kukurukurwa kiyi nyaya mugwaro weSoviet. Ichi boka duku uyewo raisanganisirei Leonid Illicha Suslov Andropova Gromyko Chernenko.

Sezvo kuzvidzivirira mushumiri zvikurukuru Ustinov anozivikanwa dzidziso dzaro. Maererano naye, mauto eSoviet reequipped uye akagamuchira midziyo itsva. Izvi ndozvakaitika kuna yenyukireya (SS-10) uye non-zvombo zvenyukireya (warrior masimba).

Ustinov aiva mumwe initiators hondo Afghanistan, kusanganisira rokutanga chaizvo kumhara kushandiswa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda kwayakaita kwakatungamirira chisarudzo ichi Politburo. Saka Ustinov vaishora vakuru General Staff Ogarkov, uyo, nekusiyana, aisada nechisimba.

Achitungamirirwa Ustinov takapfuura rimwe remasangano munhoroondo Soviet nemauto muviri. Vakagamuchira bumbiro zita "West-81". Zvadaro muuto reSoviet vakatanga kuedzwe zvoga kuzvidzora hurongwa uye mhando akawanda mukuru-zvakarurama zvombo.

zvikuru chisarudzo Gurukota racho hwaikurudzirwa kutora chikamu kunyika iri Hondo Yemashoko, kana hukama pakati USSR uye United States kufefemuka, ipapo haachandidi zvakare.

rufu

Wokupedzisira murume, ane madota vakavigwa imwe urn muna Kremlin parusvingo, zvakanga, Dmitry Ustinov. The mhuri akapiwa mudyandigere kwokuvimba. Iye akapfuura kure mukupera 1984, pashure dzihwa unotevera taridzai rechiuto michina. Panguva iyoyo, akanga atofa, Andropov uye Chernenko akararama kunze okupedzisira. Generation nevatungamiriri Soviet kurega kunotanga nguva petered kubva chinyararire yokukwegura. In vanhu, dzino kufa ainzi "dzinza kuti ngoro." Ustinov aiva nemakore 76 okuberekwa.

Vachikudza Marshal zvishoma zita Izhevsk - City gunsmiths. Zvisinei, vagari pavakatambudzwa vachinje kusatenderwa, uye nhoroondo zita adzoka kuburikidza maguta matatu.

chinokudza

Ustinov Biography zvinosanganisira Paanotambira kwake vakawanda mibayiro, kusanganisira musoro Hero of Soviet Union, Hero pakati Socialist Labor (ruviri), uyewo 11 mirairo Lenin, uye kunyange mumwe kuna Order of Suvorov uye Kutuzov (zvose dhigirii rokutanga).

Uyezve, kakawanda dzataurwa hurumende iri Warsaw chibvumirano uye yose yechiKomonisiti akabatana: Mongolia, Czechoslovakia, Vietnam, Bulgaria, etc ...