Edgar Degas: Biography, mabasa dzakakurumbira. Edgar Degas - French Impressionist painter

Mune sixties zviri XIX remakore muFrance yakatanga imwe zvinoyevedza kufamba, vane vamiririri kuburikidza yavo kupera nemaonero kubva kunze kwenyika vakatsvaka kuti vabudirire zvikuru dzinongoitika uye zvakajeka ake. It akagamuchira zita kubva French shoko impressionism pfungwa - vavafadze. Mumwe chakajeka vamiririri ichi muitiro chaiva painter Edgar Degas, vane mabasa akavhura chitsauko itsva munyika kupenda.

Vana nezvinhu kupenda

Future Artist akaberekwa muna 1834, Paris mumhuri yakapfuma, wakange revatongi midzi. zita rake rakanyorwa - of Ha (the PARTICIPLE "de" rinoratidza anokudzwa mavambo), asi ari mukuru zera pasi pokudzora Edgar akazadza pfungwa dzake mumagariro akashandura riri kupfuura democratic - Degas.

Passion kuti mufanidzo uye pashure painting, akaratidza vachiri zera, asi baba vake - maneja uye co-muridzi mumwe guru Parisian mabhanga - kwete achiudza nechido mwanakomana, akaporofita gweta ake ramangwana. Zvisinei, mashoko acho anobvumira wechiduku haana hanya zvokudya zvavo zvezuva nezuva uye kupedzera nguva yake yose chitandadzo yake. Naizvozvo mangwanani mabasa ake. Edgar Degas, maererano vaongorori, nechekare panguva iyoyo vakaratidza makings ose okusada ramangwana, kakawanda nokukopa mifananidzo yavo uye kuedza ndivaise kukukwana.

Passion nokuti basa Ingres, uye kutanga kudzidza

Biographers vakaona kuti pakati pavo aigaroyemura ari aiziva vatenzi ari mumakwenzi chaizvo muupenyu Degas aiva Zhan Ogyust Engr, kuti okugadzira zvinhu, iyo avasakadza pamusoro nemabasa avo. Edgar Degas pazera makumi maviri, akatanga zvidzidzo zvake paguva iri Studio rimwe Vadzidzi chifananidzo chake - Lui Lamota, ikozvino kukanganikwa, uye mumakore iwayo rakaparadzirwa mukurumbira.

Vachigara Paris, Edgar anopedzera nguva yakawanda ari Louvre dzimba apo kukopa mifananidzo kubudikidza vatenzi akwegura, vachiedza kunzwisisa zvakavanzika unyanzvi hwavo. Kuva nemano zvemari kuenda, iyewo akashanyira dzakanakisisa mamiziyamu kuItaly, kwaakanga akasangana ounyanzvi kuti kupenda geniuses of Italian Renaissance - Giotto, Ghirlandaio, Bellini, Mantegna nevamwe Artists vakava zviratidzo mukuru yaitonga iri ziso hwemashiripiti.

matanho First

Kudzokera Paris, Degas anova muridzi wake Studio, vanoshandira kunonyanya kubva pakusikwa Portraits uye mifananidzo Nhoroondo dzinotaura. More muna Florence akasika mifananidzo zhinji, majaya zvaakadya Artist rinoburitsa mhuri yake vokuItaly, uyo mutsa akanakidzwa kwemwedzi inoverengeka. mabasa aya akanga uchapupu kuberekwa itsva tenzi portraitist.

Zvisinei, mukuvamba sixties, chikuru muupenyu basa rake rinonyanya Degas nhoroondo pamatende izvo anotarisira vawane mukurumbira uye kuzivikanwa. Akanyora dzakatevedzana emifananidzo iri rekare uye Ages nyaya, asi havasi kubudirira. Yava nguva yokutaura pamusoro kukundikana the artist iri Genre ichi.

Zvichida Mifananidzo chete zvechokwadi vakakura, Degas akasika pakupera kwezana sixties inogona anoonekwa, sezvo mufananidzo mhuri yake Florentine - Belleli mhuri, vakatanga kudzokera kuItaly, uye akapedza pakudzoka kwake achibva parwendo. Ichi kukura huru kanivhasi apo manhamba vanoratidzwa mubasa renguva urefu, yava vaumbe pezvokuvamba chikoro chekare pakati painting, uye vazhinji vacho ine musoro mufananidzo chakaitwa itsva panguva kunyorwa nenzira.

Kujairirana Impressionists

Zvirokwazvo yakachinja the artist basa rakatanga muna 1861, apo akasangana nomumwe havaoni zviri nascent panguva Impressionism Eduardom Mane. Pamusana kwaari, Degas akabatana mudenderedzwa Painters vanozvipa kuti muitiro mutsva uyu art. Asi pasinei zvavo zvepamusoro, ramakagadzwa chinokosha nzvimbo inogarwa Kurambwa pamutemo zvedzidzo unyanzvi, dzayo vakashanda uye upenyu zvikamu, pamwe neshamwari zvitsva Degas yakawanikwa uye vamwe kusiyana.

Kusiyana vazhinji Impressionists, haana kushanda pachena mhepo - panze, tichifunga kuti dissipates kugadziriswa. Artist vaida Studio, apo mamiriro ezvinhu achibvumira kupfuura kufunga uye vanoziva nzira pakusikwa mufananidzo. The vanotongwa mabasa ake Anonyanyowanika chokuita nyika dhanzi, mafirimu uye kafeshantanov.

Mumwe, zvikuru musiyano pakati okugadzira zvinhu Degas anoshanda neshamwari dzake itsva, waiva chido kuumba mabasa evanhu wezwi, unvarnished unoratidza upenyu vakamupoteredza. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti kana Impressionists kunge nezvezvandaifanira chiedza (chinopenya muenzaniso ndiwo mufananidzo pamusoro changes uye Manet), kuti mifananidzo kubudikidza Degas anoisa kusimbisa kutamira.

Vakawanda vaitungamirira vatsoropodzi chinzvimbo sezvo uri wake impressionism, asi vanofanira kufunga kuti une vakaumbwa pachavo kuedza zviparadzanise vemifananidzo nemabasa avo mumatungamirire. Edgar Degas muchiitiko ichi chete nevakawanda zvairatidza anoratidza chairwo art nguva yake, uye inoita zvikuru quirky uye munhu.

Franco-Prussian Hondo uye zvinotevera makore

Kumanikidzwa dzinopaza the artist basa kwakakonzerwa nokutanga muna 1870, ari Franco-Prussian War. Degas uyewo vatinonamata yake uri Manet, mumwe muzvipiri akaenda mberi, iye apo pakutanga akashanda ari Navi hondo, uye ipapo hwakatamisirwa atirari. Muchiuto pakupera ruvengo, akatuma muna 1971, kutanga Britain uye ipapo kuhama dzavo pamusoro rwaamai mutsetse mu America.

Kana makore maviri gare gare Degas akadzokera kuFrance, nguva dzakaoma kubata naye. baba vake vakashaya, achisiya chakazvibata zvikwereti. Kuti achengetedze mukurumbira wemhuri, Edgar inobhadhara nokuti kutengesa kwete chete vakaungana mhuri muunganidzwa dzavo emifananidzo kubudikidza vatenzi okuberekwa, asiwo mhuri kumba. Kokutanga muupenyu hwake aifanira raramo.

Kubatanidzwa kuratidzira

The chete nzira kubva izvi kwaiva kuedza kutengesa mabasa avo pachavo. Edgar Degas ari maviri akatevera, inova zvekodzero kuratidzira nomwe kurongwa neshamwari dzake impressionist painter, uye, sezvo mabasa ake vane zvibudirire pamwe zvinogona vatengi, anotsiva zvikwereti zvayo. Panguva iyoyowo, akatanga kuzivikanwa somumwe dzepamusorosoro Painters nguva yake.

Anoshanda vakazvipira kuti musoro kutamba

Mabasa ake unogona kukamurwa nzvimbo dzinoverengeka Category, mumwe uko zvikuru acclaimed nokuda voruzhinji, waiva mufananidzo kutamba mifananidzo zvinoitwa navo nenyasha, asi pasina rakawandisa tsitsi. Kana basa vamutangira, umo nyeredzi kutamba anoratidzwa mune Classic, asi isina upenyu kunoisawo, vakawanda zvairatidzika magazini cover, iyo Degas mutambi akatarisa inopenya uye sezvingatarisirwa, ndinosika kunzwa nyasha mupenyu. Pakati yakakurumbira mabasa kutenderera ichi - "The Dance Kirasi" (1873), "Dancer pachikuva" (1879), "The vachitamba mu edzesero" (1879) uye "Blue vachitamba" (1890).

Zvinhu kubva Life kafeshantanov

Chimwe wenyaya akanyora mabasa ake Edgar Degas iro, waiva upenyu Parisian kafeshantanov. A nzvimbo kufarira apo awana nyaya mifananidzo yake, akanga Monceau paki, gumi pashure Degas rwakaimbwa mabasa muToulouse-Lautrec. Nemaune kafeshantannoy democratic upenyu, dzimwe nguva verging pamusoro vulgarity, akakwezva yokudhirowa.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti Degas haana kupa kupfuura zvariri masangano. Zviri zvakafanana achida kupinda vomuzana zvazvingava, uye Datenroku pamusoro ari Champs-Elysees, uye dubious emabhawa Belleville. Pano iye akasika zvikuru kuratidza chiitiko sevakanga akatorwa kubva upenyu. Chikamu ichi ndicho yakakurumbira unyanzvi mifananidzo "Concert muna Cafe" (1877), "The muimbi ane gurovhisi" (1878) uye "The muimbi pachikuva" (1877).

Other mabasa ounyanzvi

Edgar Degas iwe izvo kumuisa kuzivikanwa, basa rakawanda uye zvakakwana chaiyo Genre uchishandisa Wedding - compressed muchimiro duku wechitema ruvara muvhenganiswa pamwe kuwedzera namira. Nzira iyi haisi kunyanya kuoma, akabvumira kuti vabudirire nokupenya uye freshness kuti zvenzwi. Akanakidzwa apo vazhinji Artists-impressionists.

A mhando "flickering" unobatwa nezvaaiitawo vakapfuma yakazara pasi pamusoro Degas akabvumira kusika mabasa ake akasiyana nemamwe mavara mhepo. Pakati mabasa akakurumbira zvikuru kuitwa unyanzvi ichi, unogona kudana mufananidzo "Blue vachitamba" mudura Moscow Museum of Arts Akanaka ainzi pashure Pushkin.

The siyana Degas Art

Panyaya tenzi guru uye ichiita mabasa akawanda, saka dzimwe nguva zvakaoma kusiyanisa pakati zvose mabasa ake nokuda Genre. Edgar Degas chokuita muchikwata ichi nenyanzvi uyo akasiya akapfuma nhaka muminda ounyanzvi akasiyana-siyana. Mukuwedzera mifananidzo mafuta uye pastels, yakakurumbira vaiva rinodhindira ake uye vanodhirowa. Zvinozivikanwa kuti nezera, yokudhirowa akatanga pakusaona ake uye akasarudza kuti chivezwa. Kushanda nevhu uye plaster, aitungamirirwa zvikurukuru nokuda akagunzva - maoko chakatsiva meso ake.

Sunset wakadhirowewa upenyu

Haana kuronga upenyu hwake pachake, Edgar Degas akapedza wokupedzisira mashoma apfuura oga. Koda chose bofu, izvo kunyimwa naye mukana mberi basa. Sezvineiwo, zvokunyama zvinodiwa the artist haina ruzivo kubva kubwinya mbiri akabvumira kutengesa panguva kumboitika mitengo nguva idzodzo vasati vatanga basa.

Edgar Degas, ane Biography inorondedzerwa munyaya, vakashaya September 27, 1917. In rwendo rwake rokupedzisira vakaperekedza mashomanana vakapona navo vemifananidzo, pakati pavo Klod Mone uye Jean-Louis Forro. Panguva kuvigwa haana apa kutaura refu - akanga akumbira mumazuva okupedzisira Edgar Degas pachake.

Works, pakarongwa iyo vakapinda yendarama pavane uri nyika

Makore akapfuura. Mumaonero nguva yakatanga kuonekwa nenzira itsva nzira, mabasa mazhinji wakasikwa kare. Edgar Degas uye mabasa ake akanga nyaya pakudzidza Zvizvarwa unyanzvi kare. The Kunstwerke vari hwakaratidza nhasi zvakanakira Mumamiziyamu zvenyika uye kuzvikudza pakukura private kuunganidza.

Asina Degas hazvibviri kufungidzira kukura French uye dzakawanda art rokupedzisira rechitatu XIX mangwanani XX remakore uye. Nhasi, ari mudzimba of Louvre vaduku Artists nokukopa mifananidzo yake uyewo makore mazhinji akapfuura, akanga achishanda, rinozvibereka mabasa vatenzi akare. Kwavari, chikoro chinokosha upenyu hwake, hwavo iwe, mabasa ose. Edgar Degas kodzero akava mumwe kunoshamisa Artists zvenyika.