General Karbyshev: Feat (zvishoma pamusoro chikuru chinhu)

Biography Dmitry Karbysheva atypical nokuda mumauto eSoviet: aiva jendurumani, nhaka zvechiuto. Uyu inonyatsoratidza munhu akava panzvimbo yake uye akaita kwakajeka basa kuonga kwake tarenda, kuzvitsaurira, asina kushinga.

Uduku uye kuyaruka

Gumi makore General Karbyshev, mumwe Feat rakanga huchauya, akasiyiwa asina baba. vana vatanhatu akarerwa naamai vake chete. matambudziko Financial vaivakowo, asi vana akatora pfungwa.

Senior, Vladimir, akapinda Kazan University, asi akadzingwa: tsitsi kune kuipandukira. dambudziko rake kwakanga kuchirwadza, akafa kwazvo muduku mujeri.

Jr. akapinda kuSiberia kadheti School, uye aifanira kubhadhara kuti zvidzidzo zvavo nokuti nhoroondo yemhuri asina ropafadzo. Asi Karbyshev hapana mumvuri. Akadzidza sowakajeka, vakawana chipo mukuru mapurani. Navamwe vake basa chokuita uto kuvakwa.

Kutanga rechiuto

Ndapedza kubva kukoreji Ndaiva muManchuria (1900). Pano uye akawana yokutanga rutsigiro rwemauto, dzakanga wakapindwa yemberi zvayo Dmitry Karbyshev. Uku kupenya Feat nemauto, izvo kazhinji kunyorwa kuMudzidzisi mabhuku, hakwaikwanisika pasina yapfuura ruzivo.

hondo Russian-Japanese Karbyshev akasangana chinzvimbo refutenendi (akagamuchira muna 1903). Panguva vaimbopota achiita uye aiva dzakagadzirirwa: kuyengerera chikepe, akavaka masvingo, akagovera Link. Nokuti noumhare rave paakavapa uye akagamuchira kukwidziridzwa: akagumisa hondo chinzvimbo refutenendi.

Hunhu remangwana General Karbysheva akanga asingabvumi kuchinja, atova ipapo kuvanza nyika yavo haana kuti zvakakodzera. Muna 1906, akatumirwa kunyika mudyandigere: mukuru wakange achitaurirana varwi tsamwisa dzinotaura.

Ndakafara kushumira ...

Free chingwa chakaitika kwenguva pfupi: mabhosi akakurumidza kuona kuti akavimbika kumativi - a Dime gumi nevaviri, uye Karbyshev pamwero nyanzvi - kwete zvakakwana kupika. pashure pegore, Dmitry Mikhailovich akadzokera basa, uye muna 1908 vakaenda St. Petersburg, kuti akunde dzakakwirira itsva: paakapinda Academy of Engineering, izvo sowakajeka kudzidza mumakore matatu.

Muna 1911 Karbyshev atova nezvenzvimbo mukuru akaenda Brest-Litovsk. The yakakurumbira nhare, saka dzinotyisa akaramba vaNazi muna 41 fung gore, yakavakwa ake zvakananga Kupinda.

Nokukurumidza pashure vakatanga hondo. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti hondo iri mugove Dmitry Mikhailovich akawira zvakawanda: Russian-Japanese uye Soviet-Finnish uye vose munyika. Chinenge mune ramangwana mukuru mumwe Karbyshev kwaisanganisirei kubva pakutanga. Feat zvaitwa navo pashure, hazvina kutanga uye kwete chete chete. Panguva mashandiro Przemysl, akanga paakavapa ari Order St. Anne uye aitsigira kuti konoro.

Soviet mukuru

Kana chimurenga kwakaitika Russia, Karbysheva maitiro chaiva oneka. Atova December 1917, haana kuzeza yake nokusarudzwa, akatangawo Red Guard Dzvuku Army muchirongwa Civil War. Mano ake undoubted zvave: Karbyshev muchirongwa pakusikwa kudzivirira zvivako zvakawanda.

Muna 1920 akanga atova akashanda se mutevedzeri mukuru injiniya of Southern Front, uye muna 1923 - vakuru mainjiniya pakati Armed Forces rweUkraine uye Crimea.

Science zvakare anokwezva kune matarenda munhu: akadzidzisa Karbyshev makore akawanda panguva Military Academy. Frunze akanyora pamusoro mazana anokosha mapepa kwesayenzi pamusoro masvingo, mazambuko nevamwe.

Pausiku Guru Patriotic War akanga akakwiridzirwa kusvika refutenendi-General (1940). Mugore iroro akabatana bato. Kunyange zvakadaro, nyika yave mamiriro neSoviet dzimwe nguva gangaidzo: rumwe rutivi, nhengo dzakawanda Party akaparara mumisasa Stalin raMwari, kusanganisira kwakajeka zvechiuto uye zvayo Karbyshev, mumwe Feat iyo akatipa muenzaniso indomitable mweya, akanga kwakajeka basa pasina kuva muKomonisiti mukuru.

Kuitawo Second World War

Kurwisa mauto aHitler akanga abatwa vakwegura (Dmitry Mikhailovich akaberekwa muna 1880) General pamusoro kumadokero wokumusoro: aiitawo mabasa ari kuvakwa masvingo. Haina nguva kutama: yakakuwandira pakati vokuGermany rokutanga ndakadumbirwa muuto reSoviet. Crumpled Red Army vakadzokera shure nokukurumidza, achisiya zviuru akafa uye vakuvara. Masoja zhinji Soviet navatariri vakabatwa. Pakati pavo paiva General Karbyshev. Feat wepachokwadi Russian mukuru akatanga mangwanani August 1941 uye kwakatora anenge nemana.

VokuGermany vakanga anonyatsoziva chii giredhi vano mazvikokota. Vari chaizvo kutarisira ruzivo rwake, ruzivo uye netarenda. Pane uchapupu, maererano izvo zvakanga kuenda kuti basa Wehrmacht mushure kukunda, uye pano nerombo yakadaro! Asi vaNazi akamirira kwenguva risingafadzi chaizvo kushamisika: a Feat pamusoro General Karbysheva, irege kunge zvinoshamisa, asi akaratidza anoyevedza muenzaniso ushingi, kushinga uye uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika. The mushandirapamwe dzose akamboramba kuti vakapedza yakawanda nesimba uye nemwoyo murefu, pakupedzisira akasarudza dambudziko rake.

kurwadziswa kerotsi

Pakutanga Karbyshev aiva mumusasa wevasungwa inowanzotorwa rudzi, apo vainwa zvakakwana. Asi muna 1942 iye hwakatamisirwa wevasungwa Hammelburg. Conditions kwaiva ropafadzo: General Karbysheva heroism akabvunza kwete chete kushivirira kwake, asiwo kuramba muedzo. Vakawanda vevaya vakapona zvinotyisa yaHitler yekushandisa "utano nzvimbo", akaputsa pano, kwete kuda kudzokera ruzivo.

Nokuti "kukumbira chokwadi," Iye akapindura Colonel Karbyshev Pelit - vaNazi chaizvo kutarisira nokuti kamwe ivo Dmitry Mikhailovich vakashanda pamwe chete. mukuru German nokungwarira kupatsanurwa Red General, achimuti makomborero akawanda - zvaioneka nevamwe ndiani angawana, pokutengesa Motherland. A akanaka mugumisiro haana vakatevera. General Karbyshev, mumwe Feat izvo zvichiri zvinoita kuremekedza, pamwe vakaramba categorically, uye kunyange kupfuura kuti: aiva nechokwadi kukunda kwezvombo Soviet. Nechivimbo kuti rupo akagovana nevamwe, kutuswa zvachose chiya, maererano vaNazi, tariro.

Chisarudzo chokutora chiwepu

Kwakasarudzwa kurega kushandisa twakadai uye tsvimbo kuti kutora - uye mujeri vari mujeri Berlin akazviratidza Karbyshev mukuru. Feat, zvishoma anorondedzera izvo zvikasashanda, kudiwa Russian injiniya kongiri kuzvidzora kururama.

"Marinated" ake musungwa kwerinenge mwedzi, vokuGermany akasarudza kuti iyi ichava zvakakwana. Dziri mumwe pokubvunzurudzwa, mukuru mukuru akawana muhofisi Raubengeymera wakakurumbira purofesa wacho dzendege, mumwe akakurumbira nyanzvi mune nhare. Chokwadi, vakanga vaiziva. Nokuti German Karbyshev kuremekedzwa zvikuru.

Shrew General akaita yokupedzisira mutongo, iyo rupo vasingagoni kubatsira asi haimbofadzi. Karbyshev aida kusiya mumisasa nemumajeri mukutsinhana yorupo kugutsikana uye kukwanisa kuita paanoda. Pasi chibvumirano, aifanira kuronga murabhoritari nesayenzi kugadzira miedzo. State aigona kuwana pacharo zvichidiwa, kuti mari yakagamuchirwa widest. Nokuti mabasa ake aigona kuva chakanakisisa pfungwa Third Reich uye raibhurari.

Military injiniya vasingagoni kunzwisisa kuti mazano anotevera zvisina vakatevera. Kunyange zvakadaro, mhinduro yake yakanga pfupi: kuisa rukudzo hwake uto kupfuura upenyu pachahwo, akasiya muvengi mapikira, kudura muenzaniso heroism kwechokwadi. Feat pamusoro General Karbysheva anogona zvishoma dzinopa mashoko ake: "Ndiri musoja uye ini kuramba takatendeka rangu basa."

The majee vari pamusoro

VaNazi pakarepo fukai zviroto pamwe muchinjikwa noushingi uye Karbyshev akasangana Flossenbürg. Basa rakanga rakaoma chaizvo, asi, maererano neuchapupu solagernikov, mukuru uye hakuna zvinomudzora mwoyo. Kutenda kukunda ramangwana hapana nzira chinoshaikwa. Iye makanyatsomudzidzisa kudavira iyi vamwe, sezvo imwe mhando mutungamiriri kurwisa.

Zvichida nemhaka yeizvi, uye zvichida zvimwe zvikonzero, zviri kuramba hwakatamiswa misasa. Pakutanga 1945, apo kukunda kuramba nyaya kwemavhiki, aiva mumusasa musungwa Mauthausen rufu mutsara.

rufu gamba

vawirwa dzavo vaNazi haisi kunyanya mhemberero. Zvaizobuda hondo dzakawanda akanga atova pachena, haana neunyengedzi. Hitler cheni imbwa vakaedza kutsemuka pasi vaya vane simba ravo.

On February 18, Gestapo vakauya mhosva yavo muchivanze uye akatanga kudira chando mvura kubva hoses. Raiva huru chando - arukutika, vanhu nzara vakanga kufa rimwe, mumwe vasingagoni kumira mwoyo, mumwe chete ndakadaro. Nokuti kuedza kunzvenga paakavapa kurwadzisa kuti musoro. Zvezvisarudzo kuramba akaratidza Karbyshev General: kunyange ikava shongwe chando, akawana simba kutsigira mamwe masoja.

nyaya iyi inozivikanwa solagerniku zvayo, yeCanada mukuru Seddon of Saint-Clair. Muna 1946, akanga ari muLondon muchipatara, pakarepo vakakumbira musangano mumiririri reSoviet basa kudzorerwa nyaya. Raiva nhau Dmitrii Mihayloviche rokutanga: kubva 1941, akanga akanyorwa pakati chisipo.

Pashure pokusimbisa mashoko vakagamuchira General Karbysheva heroism vakatapwa muvengi iye aikosheswa zvikuru zveutungamiriri yeSoviet. pashure anenge chaizvo makore mashanu akanga akabatwa, akanga paakavapa musoro Hero of Soviet Union.

zvavo ndangariro

Gore negore vanhu vapinde Mauthausen kuchengeta 300 zviuru vanhu vakatambudzwa kamwe pano. On nharaunda pane shongwe General Karbysheva iye unabashedly chitonge nzvimbo maoko akapetwa ari pachipfuva chake. Mufananidzo gamba inomira hafu ibwe chete - monolith inomiririra chando shongwe kuti akava asati afa, General Karbyshev. Feat mundima rwakaimbwa yakakurumbira nyanduri Soviet , Sergei Vasiliev. Muna 1975, akanyora nhetembo inonzi "Kuremekedzwa", nokuti iyo paakavapa State Prize.

In Russia mumakore achangopfuura vakanga vangangotaura kuyeuka umhare kare. Zvese, vatsigirwe nekukurudzirwa nechido kuziva uye kudada nhoroondo dzavo. Akatanga kuoneka, uye nyaya dzakawanda pamusoro Dmitrii Mihayloviche. Vazhinji pfuma paIndaneti zvinobudisa zvisikwa vanoshandisa ayo, pfungwa ushingise mukuru. Regai vamwe detembo pamusoro heroism pamusoro General Karbysheva ungwaru uye havasi kutamba zvakanaka senhetembo, asi zvakanyorwa pamwoyo.