Hondo dzeGungwa Hassan

Mazana makumi matatu emakore ezana remakore rechimakumi maviri akaoma zvikuru kunyika yose. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvose zviri mukati memo munyika dzakawanda dzenyika uye mamiriro epasi rose. Mushure mezvose, kupesana kwepasi pose kwakagadziridzwa kakawanda munharaunda yenyika munguva iyi. Chimwe chazvo chaiva hondo yeSoviet-Japanese pakupera kwemakore gumi.

Nhoroondo yehondo dzeLake Hassan

1938 Utungamiri hweSoviet Union hunofungidzirwa nechomukati (counter-revolutionary) uye kunze kwekutyisidzira. Uye iyi pfungwa ndeyekuti hapana chakanaka chakanaka. Kutyisidzira kweHitler yeGermany kumadokero kuri pachena kuchinja. Kumabvazuva pakati pemakore ekuma1930, China yakanga ichichengetwa nemauto eJapane, ayo atova kutarisa kumeso kunyika dzeSoviet. Nokudaro, muhafu yekutanga ye1938, mhirizhonga yakasimba yekurwisana neSoviet yakatangwa munyika ino, ichidana "hondo yekommunism" uye kusagadzikana kwemasango. Kurwiswa kwakadaro kweJapan kunokurudzirwa newavo vatsva vanowana mubatanidzwa - Germany. Mamiriro ezvinhu anowedzerwa nechokuti Western inotaura, Britain neFrance, munzira dzose dzinonoka kuiswa kwechibvumirano chero chipi nechipi neUSSR mukudzivirirana, vachitarisira kukanganisa kuparadzwa kwevadzivisi vavo chaivo: Stalin naHitler. Uku kutsamwa kunopararira zvakakwana Uye nehukama hweSoviet-Japanese. Mukutanga kwezhizha muna 1938, hurumende yeJapan yakatanga kutaura zvakanyanya pamusoro pezvakaitwa "nharo dzenharo". Mukutanga kwaJuly, pakati pezviitiko ndiLake Khasan iri munharaunda yemuganhu. Pano, kuumbwa kweKendung Army kuri kuwedzera kuwedzera. Izvi zviito zveJapan zvinoruramisirwa nekuti nzvimbo dzomumiganhu yeU.SR, iri pedyo negungwa iri, inharaunda yeManchuria. Iyo nzvimbo yekupedzisira, iyo yakawanda, yakanga isati yamboitika kare muchiJapane, yakanga iri yeChina. Asi China mumakore apfuura yakanga ichitarirwa neuto remambo. Musi waJuly 15, 1938, Japan yakakumbira kubviswa kwemauto eSoviet emunharaunda iyi, vachikakavadzana kuti ndeveChina. Zvisinei, hurumende yezvekune imwe nyika yeU.SR yakaita zvakashata kumashoko akadaro, ichipa makopi esungano yeRussia neChechi yeMambo kubva muna 1886, apo makarita akakodzera akabatanidzwa, zvichiratidzira kukodzera kweSoviet side.

Kutanga kwehondo dzeGungwa Hassan

Zvisinei, Japan rakanga risina chinangwa chokurega. Izvo zvisingakwanisi kutsigira zvavanotaura kuLake Khasan zvakajeka hazvina kumira. Zvechokwadi, kudzivirirwa kweSoviet kwakasimbiswawo munharaunda iyi. Kurwisa kwokutanga kwakateverwa musi waJuly 29, apo kambani yeKingung Army yakayambuka muganhu wenyika uye yakarwisa imwe yenzvimbo dzakakwirira. Pamutengo wekurasikirwa kukuru, maJapan akakwanisa kutarisa uku kukwirira. Zvisinei, ikozvino pamangwanani eJuly 30 mamwe masimba ane simba akauya kune rubatsiro rwevarindi veSoviet. MaJapan mazuva mazhinji haana kubudirira kurwisa kudzivirirwa kwevadzivisi, kurasikirwa nemari yakawanda yemashandi uye vashandi zuva rega rega. Hondo yeLake Khasan yakapedziswa musi waAugust 11. Pazuva rino, nharo yakashamiswa pakati pevarwi. Nokubvumirana kwevamwe mapato, zvakasarudzwa kuti muganhu wepakati unofanira kuiswa pasi peRussia-China chibvumirano cha1886, sezvo pasina chibvumirano pamusoro pechinhu ichi chaivapo nenguva iyoyo. Nokudaro, Gungwa Hassan rakava chiyeuchidzo chinyararire chekurwisana kwehondo kwemauto eOngantung Hondo yezvivako zvitsva.