Hondo huru dzeNorthern War dziri kutendeuka munhoroondo yeRussia neEurope

The Great Northern War yekutanga kwezana remakore rechi18, umo nyika dzakawanda dziri kuchamhembe kweEurope dzakabatanidzwa, dzakawanda dzakakonzera mamiriro ezvematongerwe enyika uye nekufambira mberi kwenyika yose. Hondo huru dzeNorth War dzakakonzera kukunda kunorwadza kweumambo hweSweden. Hurumende, iyo yakatonga bhora muScandinavia, kuBaltic States uye kumativi ose okuchamhembe kweEurope kwemazana emakore, haizombofizvezve simba rayo rekare. Panguva imwe chete, hondo huru dzeNorthern War Yakanamatira kukumuka kusati kwamboitika kweumambo hweRussia panzvimbo yekwakakwana kweumambo hwekuMoscow. Somugumisiro wekukonana uku uye, hongu, zvichienderana nemitemo yekutanga mambo weRussia, nyika yakasimbiswa muBaltic nyika, mazambuko eNorth Sea uye kwenguva yekutanga yakawana zvikepe zvine simba. Zvisinei, hondo iyi yakanga isiri nguva dzose inobudirira mauto eMoscow. Uyezve, pamutambo wekutanga hondo yakabudirira chaizvo kuSweden. Asi nguva idzi dzakatendeuka dzakaitika rini? Ndeipi hondo huru yeNorthern War yakaitika? Mhinduro dzemubvunzo uyu dzinogona kunge dzakasiyana. Iyo mhirizhonga yakakanganiswa kwemakumi maviri emakore ose - kubva muna 1700 kusvika muna 1721. Uye isu tinofanira kusimbisa hondo dzinoverengeka dzakange dzine simba guru munhau yeRussia, Europe uye nyika.

Hondo huru dzeNorthern War

Hondo yeNarva

Iyi hondo yakave yekutanga inokosha mukupesana kwehondo dzeRussia neSweden. MunaAgasti 1700, Charles XII akamanikidza Russia kuzvipira kuDenmark uye kugumisa rugare naye. Mushure mekukunda uku, mauto eSweden anotanga mushandirapamwe kune nhare yekuchamhembe kweRussia muNarva uye pakati peNovember vanobudirira kukunda. Uku kukunda kwakaratidzwa kusimba kwakasimba kwehurumende yeRussia mune zvehondo nehupfumi hwehupfumi. Nyika yacho yaiva pedyo nekukunda. Zvisinei, mhedziso yakarurama yakakonzerwa nekukundwa uku yakabatsira hutungamiri hweRussia kuti dzidzoke kubva iko munguva yemberi iri mberi.

Iyo hondo huru yeNorthern War

Ikoko uye rini zvakaitika? Nokuti nyika yedu, pasina mubvunzo, iyi ndiyo yakakurumbira hondo yePoltava. Pakazosvika 1709 vaSweden vakange vasina kukwanisa kuenda mberi nechekumaodzanyemba kwekondinendi, asiwo vakabva kubva muhondo nhamba yevashandi vaPeter. Chokutanga pane zvose, tiri kutaura nezve Saxony nePoland. Mutoro wose wekutarisana nemuvengi ane simba wakawira pamafudzi eRussia. Mushandirapamwe weSweden munyika ino wakatanga muchero wekutanga muna 1708. Zvichida, hazvina maturo kudzokazve zvakare kuti Hondo yePoltava yakapera sei. Izvi zvinozivikanwa nhasi kune vose vechikoro. Asi zvakakosha, yakava shanduko yekuchinja kwese, mushure mokunge mauto eRussia akwanisa kutamisa nzvimbo yemitambo yehondo kubva kuUkraine kusvika kuBaltic states.

Gangut battle

Muna 1714 mauto engarava eRussia akakunda kukunda kwekutanga kweKapa Gangut. Ichokwadi, mushure mekukundwa uku, chiito chinokuvadza chicharamba chichienda kumauto aPetro.

Gregam Battle

Muna 1720 mauto engoro eRussia akakunda imwe kukunda kukuru paGregam Island. Sweden, vakakundwa kare panyika, uye iye zvino ane makwande akakundwa, akamanikidzwa kuenda murugare. Nokudaro, hondo huru dzeNorth War dzakazoendesa kune iyo inonzi yainzi Nystad Peace Treaty (mushure meguta rakasayirwa), iro rakazoitawo rutivi rweRussia kugungwa reBaltic kubva kuRiga kusvika kuVivborg, iyo yakashandura ikava simba regungwa.