Kugadzirwa kwekuku mazai. Kemikari yakakonzerwa namai mazai

Kubvira panguva yekare, mazai ave ezvokudya zvechiSlavic. Dzinofananidzira rumutsiriro rwezvisikwa uye zvemwaka, saka vanhu vose veIsita vanobika krashenki uye pysanka, uye kupemberera kunotanga nezai dzvene.

General information

Jai chirongwa cheprotini chakakosha zvikuru uye chiyeuchidzo. Mazai emvura shiri haashandisi pakubika, sezvo anogona kukonzera zvirwere zvinotapukira. Mikemikari yeiyi yei inosanganisira mapuroteni (12,7%), mafuta (11.5%), mahydrohydrates (0.6%), mineral salt (1%), mvura (74%), vitamini D, E, carotene, Choline uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda. Iko simba rinokosha zana zana emazai inenge 157 kcal. Nokuda kwezvokudya, imwe mazai inokwana 40 gramu yenyama kana 200 ml yemukaka.

Shell

Yeza yeiyi inoumbwa ne12% yeganda, 56% yeprotini uye 32% ye yolk. Iko ganda rine chigadziro chinopisa chinodzivirira chigadzirwa kubva kuma microorganisms anokuvadza. Kuumbwa kweiyo shellshell shell kunosanganisira calcium carbonate, phosphoric acid calcium, magnesium nezvimwe zvinhu zvakasikwa. Pasi payo kune dense shell-like shell, iyo yakakosha yeprotein. Iko shell inobatsira kuchengetedza mazai kubva pakurwara kwepatigenic microflora, asi zvisinei iyo inopfuura gesi nemvura yemhepo. Panopera mapenzi pakati pejozi uye puroteni shell inzvimbo yemhepo, iyo yekuchengetedza kwenguva yakawanda yeii inowedzera, sezvo zviri mukati zviri kupera.

Puroteni yakakonzerwa neii yei

Puroteni ine zvikamu zvakawanda zvevhenekisi yakajeka, inenge isina mvura isina kuchena iyo inoputika kana yakarohwa. Izvo huwandu hweprotini muhusi hahufananidzi, iyo yakanyanya kudarika iri pakati, pedyo nejinki, sezvo ichirichengeta mukati.

Puroteni ine zvinhu zvakawanda, pakati payo, kunyanya, pane ovalbumin uye conalbumin. Izvo zvinhu zvinokwana amino acids yakawanda zvakakwana. Izvi zvinotungamirira kune chokwadi chokuti mazai 98% anogadzirwa nemuviri. Ovoalbumin anovimbisa high protein solubility mumvura; Miti yemagumbeti inokurudzira kuonekwa kwepurovu panguva yekuputika; Ovomucinum inogadzirisa mhepo. Uyewo chimwe chinhu chinokosha ndi lysozyme, iyo ine bhakitiriya yemvura inonyangarika painokwegura mazai.

Puroteni ine zvakawanda zvicherwa. Iyo inewo mavitamini B1, B2 uye B6. Simba rinokosha pamagiramu zana emagetsi ndewe 47 kcal.

Zvishandiso zvezai yolk

Chikamu chakakosha chezai, pasina mubvunzo, iyo yolk. Iri ndiro mvura yakasviba, inosanganisira chiedza chechiedza uye chemafu. Pamusoro pei yolk yakafukidzwa nehombodo yakadzivirirwa yakachengetedza, uye pamusoro penzvimbo iyi yeii ndiyo embryo. Iyo yolk ine mapuroteni akawanda (16,2%), mafuta (32.6%), mahydrohydrates nemaminera. Mucheka wenyoro unopiwa carotene, iyo, kupinda mumuviri, inoshandurwa kuva vitamini A.

Kugadzirwa kwekuku mazai. Zvinhu zvinobatsira uye zvavanoita pamuviri

Mikemikari yehuku mazai inosanganisira mapuroteni avidin, anosunga vitamini H (biotin), anoronga neuroreflex basa, achiumba shanduro yeAvidobiotic. Nemigumisiro inopisa, iyo yakaoma inoparadzanisa muzvikamu zvayo, izvo, kugara kwemazai akasika kunogona kutungamirira kuH-vitaminase, iyo inogona kukanganisa hutano.

Protein ovomukoid, iyo iriwo chikamu cheii, inokanganisa basa re trypsin, iyo enzyme yepakreas, zvichikonzera kusakosha kufanana kwete kwete chete mazai, asiwo zvimwe zvokudya. Mukuwedzera, sezvo ovomucoid inogona kushandiswa nekusingaperi, kushandiswa kwaro nguva dzose kunogona kutungamirira kune maitiro ekugadzirisa matanho. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kuvana, nokuti maitiro avo ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere zvinopera simba pane munhu mukuru. Kana kupisa kunobata zvinhu zve ovomucoid zvachose zvinopera, uye kana kurohwa-zvakanyanya kuderedzwa.

Iyo enzyme lysozyme, iyo iri muprotini, kana kuchengetedzwa kwezvinhu zvisingaonekwi, kunogona kuparadzwa, izvo zvinotungamirira mukupararira kwezvinyorwa zvisingakuvadzi. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, mazai anokwanisa kuva chikonzero chezvirwere zvakakomba.

Nutrition

Kuumbwa kweii maza kunosanganisira huwandu hwemafuta, mazhinji ayo anowanikwa mu yolk. Vane nheyo yakanyunguduka kwazvo, saka, yakanyatsogadziriswa nemuviri wemunhu. Iyo yolk inewo ine unsaturated fatty acids, yakadai sa arachidonic, linoleic uye oleic.

Mazai ane zviduku zvekushutori, anenge 1,6%, izvo zvakadaro, zvinogona kukurumidza kufambira mberi kweherosclerosis. Saka, zvinokurudzirwa kuvanhu vekwegura kuti vaderedze kushandiswa kwamazai.

Kuenzanisa mazai

Huchi mazai akaparadzana muzvikwata maererano nemitemo yakadaro sehupenyu hwemafuro, uremu uye unhu. Mazai ezvokudya anofanira kuonekwa mumazuva manomwe mushure mokunge aparadzwa, uye dzimba dzokudyira dzinogona kuchengetwa kwenguva refu. Kuumbwa kweii maza kunokonzera zvakasimba kuchengetedza nguva. Tafura mazai, uyewo, akaparadzana kuva matsva, friji uye maruva.

Mazai ezvokudya

Iyi subspecies ine ganda duku, riri pakati, uye mapuroteni akaoma. Kamuri yepamhepo haifambi. Kune zvikamu zviviri zvinopesana nehupamhi: 1 yekutanga - kwete pasi pe 54 gramu, 2-nd - kwete pasi pe44 gramu. Panhizha rimwe nerimwe panofanira kuva nesitima umo zuva rekugadzira, rudzi uye chikamu chechigadzirwa chinoratidzwa.

Zvitsva, firiji uye mazai mazai

Mazai ayo ari emhando yehutsva, firiji uye yakareruka, ane yolk duku, asi yakashata, kupotsa kudarika kwechigaro chayo kubva mukati kunobvumirwa. Puroteni inofanira kuva yakaoma, uye ukuru hwekamuri yemhepo - kwete kupfuura 7 mm.

Mazai matsva ndeaya akachengeterwa mazuva anopfuura makumi matatu kutsetse kubva 1 kusvika ku2 degrees; Kufrijiji - kuchengetwa mazuva anopfuura makumi matatu. Zvidzitiro ndeye mazai anochengetwa muhute chero nguva ipi zvayo.

Iyo inonyanya kukosha pakushandiswa ndeyekudya uye mazai matsva. Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuumbwa kweiii mazai, zvinhu zvose zvinobatsira izvo zvakachengetedzwa munguva shomanana yekuchengetedza. Zvinopedzwa zvachose mufananidzo. Firiji uye mazai mazai anoshandiswawo pakugadzira confectionery uye mabhizimisi zvigadzirwa.

Melange uye yai poda

Pazvinhu zvekudya zvemaseru, kwete chete mazai mazai, asiwo zvinogadzirwa zvinoshandiswa pakubika: melange uye egg powder.

Melange isanganiswa yevhisi yakasanganiswa uye mapuroteni ayo akange achinwa, asina kunyoroveswa, akavhenekera uye echando pachitonho che -18 degrees. Kubva muchigadzirwa ichi gadzirira ndiro dzisingadyi kuparadzaniswa kweprotini kubva pajinki, somuenzaniso, bundu rezviyo zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuti ushandise dhiya rimwe, unofanirwa kushandisa 40 gramu ye melange.

Mazai egg is a mixture of proteins dry and yolks. Inoshandiswa kune ndiro imwechete se melange, asi nehuwandu hwe1: 0.28.

Mhedziso

Mikemikari yei yei yehuku inogadza mitemo nemamiriro ekuchengetedza kwayo yose kumba uye pamutambo wekugadzira. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti mune firiji mazai ari kure nemiti yakagadzirwa nekunhuhwirira. Izvi zvinopa hutano hwakanaka huchabatsira kuchengetedza chigadzirwa munzvimbo inoshandiswa.