Volga rwizi: miriwo uye mhuka rwizi, tsananguro, ikoroji, kudzivirirwa. Chii chiri kuitwa kudzivirira Volga River?

Volga - imwe yakakurumbira zviratidzo Russia, guru rwizi haisi chete nyika, asi nyika yose. On rwizi dzichiitika upenyu European kwenyika, magetsi ari vanowanika uye akura zvigadzirwa okurima anodiwa yose Russia. Pano iwe chokutyira, hove uye kurarama nokusingaperi, kunakidzwa zvikuru zvisikwa.

fadza pakafunuka

Kureba rwizi urwu rukuru - anopfuura 3500 makiromita. Rinodya mvura 4-millionth muguta, chakavhara mana simba pazviteshi, akapa zita raro rose nharaunda. Murwizi hombe kupfuura 200 rechibharo uye bheseni kwayo anopindura chetatu European munharaunda Russia. Inoyerera kuburikidza mumasango, steppes, makomo uye Semi-gwenga. Pamepu munyika inoratidza kuti Volga River runoyerera kuburikidza 15 vanotongwa Federation. Zvinomera nemhuka rwizi siyana mukuru; Mafuro, uyewo chishamiso chaicho - minda lotus, izvo vaitirei Biosphere Reserve ne UNESCO. Mune floodplain of Volga inokura anopfuura 500 ezvinhu zvinomera, izvo anoparadzirwa pamusoro 82 mhuri.

Dzakasiyana-siyana rwizi

Nokuda kworwendo uye dzakasiyana hunhu munzvimbo dzakawanda kumativi conditionally akakamurwa ari Volga River. Zvinomera nemhuka rwizi vari zvakasiyana-siyana.

On the Upper Volga River, apo guta Rzhev, Tver, Rybinsk, Yaroslavl, Kostroma uye Nizhny Novgorod, 4 artificially akasika gungwa. Vose vakanga yakaumbwa paivakwa Hydroelectric simba zvinomera: Ivankovo, Uglich, Rybinsk uye Gorky Dam.

pakati Volga

Muchikamu ichi rwizi chinokunda zvose Volga Uplands. Pano, mu kwaro 4 nzizi, remasangano iyo Oka. Anoumba huru rechirwere Cheboksary GES. On nharaunda pechikomo anomhanya kuti Volga-Don Watershed, chikamu chimwe unova Volga River. Zvinomera nemhuka rwizi vanoumba inowanzorimwa vaiongorora nzvimbo idzi. Ndiyo nzvimbo pakati zvisvundu Bheya squirrels uye Martens, zvakajairika yokuSpain uye polecat taiga. Vavhimi kutsvaka pano Grouse uye capercaillie. masango Local kufanana taiga, unogona kuona nemipaini simba miti kumativi ose.

dzikisa Volga

In rezasi kunosvika of Volga runoyerera kupinda Kama, uye rwizi anova zvikuru garika. Zhigulevsk Hydroelectric inotanga Kuibyshev Dam, mberi pasi kurwizi, unogona kuona Volgograd.

Below Astrakhan anotanga rakasiyana nzvimbo - the Delta hwaakange national park, riri inozivikanwa kuti rwizi Volga. Nemhuka ndivo rwizi pa nzvimbo iyi pasi dziviriro. nezvigadziko zhinji hove pamwe yegore hove iri pano. Pano, kwete chete kubata Sturgeon uye kuyemura kutumbuka lotus, asi kuti vachengete kwavo kwomuzvarirwo dzinogarisana pamusoro pelicans, Siberian Cranes uye flamingoes.

Water utongi

River anogamuchira mvura kubva kunzvimbo kusvika hafu yemiriyoni makiromita. Volga rwizi muoti zvinoenderana Chokwadi pamusoro ekunze. Kwadzinoita iye uye kubvunda chando kunaya. upamhi rwizi mune dzimwe nzvimbo kusvika 2500 mamita. Depth zvikamu zviduku harwuwire pazasi 2.5 m. Heino rondedzero River Volga. Asi izvozvo zvakanga zvisina nguva dzose: kuvaka reservoirs inodzora mvura yomuropa pamatombo vaigona kuva kusvika masendimita 30.

Ice yakaitika mukupera November - mangwanani December, mumwe Volga rwizi hwechiKomonisiti. Kutanga wekushandisa iri pakutanga April uye chando yokutanga muna Astrakhan - March. kuyerera nyarara uye anotsvedzerera rwizi rinouya kweGungwa reCaspian.

mamiriro

In rudzi chepamusoro ose rakareba kupfuura nzizi yepasi wacho Volga inoremekedzwa 16 nzvimbo vakasuwa asi muna Europe isina kuenzana. Kuburikidza chete Volga-Don Canal izvozvo rinobatanidza kweGungwa Dema pamwe muGungwa Azov, uye muGungwa reBaltic pamwe chete nzira. Sea White, Severodvinsk kwakabatana kuburikidza rwizi Network.

Materu gang muduku - mamita 256 chete zvose pamwe. The chikuru hunhu nzizi (Volga) kwayo nokuyerera velocity mvura sezvo diki sezvo 1 mita pa wechipiri. Paawa dzakasiyana nzvimbo rwizi chinokunda kubva 2 kusvika 6 makiromita. Izvi zvinhu kubvumira kuti vabudirire marudzi ose nemhuka.

Indekisi "nyaradzo" rwizi pakati pezvipenyu - Catfish. Zvavaisiita kurema hove - kusvika makirogiramu 400 (dzimwe nguva), asi kune vanotsigira, rairema matani matanhatu.

River Volga: kunobva uye muromo

Iwo rwizi rinotanga karwizi pedyo nomusha nomukurukuri inonzi Volga-Upper. The musha iri pamusoro Valdai Hills, Kusinira dogging womuti chapel.

Maererano Central Russian Upland rwizi runoyerera zvakanaka, uye akatendeuka rwezasi kunoita pedyo Urals. Zvadaro rwunotumirwa reCaspian dzakaderera uye anopa ayo mvura eponymous gungwa. The Volga River - nechepakati tsinga munyika.

Rine vanopfuura zviuru 150 nehova rwizi Volga. Panobva uye muromo rwizi - ndidzo vanhu chaivo zvomumwe, izvo zvokudya mwando nemisha. Musi Volga mvura iri kuwedzera zvose kuti chikafu vanhu mhiri Russia.

hove dzakasiyana kwakadaro

Izvi zvinogona kuva kunyora nhetembo rose, riri chii nazvo varedzi. Dzimwe hove kugara pano zvachose, apo vamwe vanobva kweGungwa reCaspian. Knot, bream, kabhu, neKubhi, ruffe uye bream yebhuruu, chena ziso uye roach, neKubhi, knot uye grayling - zvechigarire vagere rwizi. Kubva pano ashanyirwa reCaspian Sturgeon uye Sturgeon chena, Sarimoni chena uye herring.

The siyana hove nyika rinodederesa. Zviduku hove kuti anorarama pano ane kureba 2.5 cm. Izvi pugolovka granular Chii chinozivikanwa kunyanya ichthyologists. Asi musi Beluga, kukura kuti kureba 4 metres, vanoziva zvose. About kuti hove mhando kunowanika Volga River, rakanyorwa mabhuku akawanda uye emirayiridzo.

Munguva bays, germinated miti, apo Wekumusoro kunyarara padzimba, anonzwa kabhu zvakanaka. In hove Astrakhan mhenyu yakatsvuka, vakarumbidza Russia nokuti yose. Izvi Sturgeon uye stellate Sturgeon, munzwa uye akakurumbira Sturgeon. Volga herring uye girazi kabhu - varaidzo zvakanakisisa veko uye vaenzi. Nokuti vose vanoshuva kushanda zvigadziko zhinji hove, apo unogona kuona kuti hove unowanika Volga.

zvinetso zvemhoteredzo

Chenyika, izvo anounganidza kunonaya Volga inoremekedzwa 8% kubva mundima European chikamu Russia. Nhamba zvinoratidza kuti muromo Volga River anonzi rokutanga pamusoro nzizi gumi yakasvibiswa. Chaizvoizvo, wose upenyu nzvimbo idzi chokuita Volga, uyewo makwai tsvina zvose pano. Kana uwandu nemaindasitiri Anokwanisa kucheka, ari unorganized dongo - denda erwizi. zvakawandisa ichi kwemakemikari fetiraiza nezvimwe nehasha zvinhu zvitadzo nokuda mvura.

Chii chiri kuitwa kudzivirira Volga River?

Ani ajaira zvinetso rwizi, nenzwi rimwe vanoti mukuru zvakaipa zvose zvipenyu zvose chamutsa simba turbine. Vane kwazvo Rwako uye kumanikidzwa madonhwe, kukuvadza zvose zvipenyu zvose. Kufa plankton, tadpoles uye zvose pane rwizi mupenyu.

Zviya, izvi ndizvo kwete chete nokuda Volga. Ichi pose dambudziko kukanganisa chikuru zvose nzizi dziri dzakabudirira. A nyaya kupona ari turbine mashizha hanya zoologists uye mainjiniya pose. uremu Izvi yakatsaurirwa kuna Misangano uye symposia.

Kwete kare, masayendisiti kubva St. Petersburg akava itsva uye iri nyore nzira kuponesa zvipenyu zviri turbine mashizha. Vatsvakurudzi vanoti Kubayiwawo jekiseni pasi mumwe kumanikidzwa uye panguva aida wevasungwa vanhuwo mhepo matema. Balloons Sechipanji kunyanya kumanikidzwa, Centrifugal uye centripetal masimba. All duku venyama achipfuura nepakati mvura-mhepo nezvakavhenganiswa, ikaramba yakasimba.

The nzira yagadzirwa iyo bvumidzwa ndiko, mabikirwo zviri pachena. Asi nenzira Implementation kuti kwegore risingapindiki rusvingo akamira machinda kukurira kusava nehanya kwavo haisati zvinobvira. Tinovimba kuti pfungwa uye kuda kugara rwizi mupenyu vachiri kuhwina.

mahombekombe anoyevedza

Banks of Volga akafuridzirwa vemifananidzo uye vadetembi mumakore. Rinoumbwa uye zvakanyorwa vazhinji zvavo nziyo uye nhetembo yorwizi rukuru. The Feat pamusoro Stalingrad ari zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe Volga. Kubvira ipapo, mumwe Russian munhu anoziva kuti Volga kunyika kwatiri ikoko. Songs, mafirimu, kuratidzira, mabhuku - ichi zvose akapa zita Russian River. Reserves kuzvivaraidza zvivako, mumaguta, mumisha uye misha - ichi zvose ndiyewo Volga.

In mabasa ounyanzvi zviri zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe Russian hunhu. Mweya rwizi, uye somurume; uye rupo, uye mutsa.

Nhasi dzorwizi Volga ari kushingaira kuitwa dzakabudirira: akavaka misha koteji ane kwezvivako ano, vaine maonero guru rwizi.