Kukosha kwemajoka ezvematongerwo enyika Griboyedov nhasi: "Nhamo kubva kuWi", mapepa emapapiro ebasa

Mutambi wezvematongerwo enyika "Nhamo kubva kuWi", iyo mitauro yakakurumbira yavanhu inowanzoshandisa mazuva ano mukutaura kwavo, yaiva yemaonero munguva dzeGriboyedov uye yakaramba iri muzana remakore rechi21. Munyori, achibatsirwa nemashoko akajeka, aakaisa mumuromo wevanhu vatsva, anopa tsananguro yevangabatsiri, vashandi, vanhu vasina tsika vakaumba vazhinji muhurumende yeRussia nevaya vanovapikisa.

Mufananidzo weChatsky

Mumiririri wechidiki anofambira mberi, achiedza kushanduka, ruzivo nekuvandudzwa ndiye protagonist wenguva iyoyo - Chatsky. Izvo ndezvake mumutambo "Nhamo kubva kuWi" mitsetse ine mapapiro, inoratidza kuoma kweumambo hweumambo.

"Zvingava zvinonakidza kushumira, kushumirwa nekunyunyuta" - ichi ndicho chinzvimbo chemunhu akachenjera, akadzidziswa, ane chido chokubatsirwa, asi haasi kudiwa mumusangano wekudzorerazve wejaya.

Mune imwe mutsara, zvinoreva hupenyu hwemazuva aGriboyedov zvinoratidzwa. Vanhu havagone kuita basa nemafungiro avo uye kubudirira mubasa. Kuti ugamuchire mazita matsva, zvakakosha kushandira nzvimbo dzakakwirira uye kuva sycophant. Munharaunda yemazuva ano, chinhu chimwe chete chinoitika: nepotism, uori, kutengwa kwemasangano, sekunge munyori akanyora basa rake zuro zuro.

Kune Chatsky, rusununguko rwomunhu ndicho chikonzero chikuru icho vanhu vanofanira kuedza, asi kana vauya kuRussia kubva kune dzimwe nyika, anoona kuti "dzimba dziri itsva, uye kusarura ndekwekare." Ichi chaive chimiro chevanhu venguva yaGriboedov, ichiri chokwadi nhasi.

Pasi pechifukidziro chemafambiro akanaka munharaunda pane hapana kuonekwa kunoonekwa, hapana chido chokushandura, kukura mune zvepamusoro uye mumweya. Pamusoro wezvose zvinhu mari uye simba.

Mufananidzo wevaya vanoita sarudzo

Mumutambo "Nhamo kubva kuWi", mapepa emapapiro nemashoko haatauri Chatsky chete, asi anorwisa Molchalin.

Griboyedov akabudisa pachena kuti "kukura" kubva kune vasina mhosva Tver petty bourgeois kune munyori weFurusov muchengeti wevadzidzisi: "... iye achasvika kumadigiri eaizivikanwa, nokuti iye zvino vanofarira mbeveve," - rinotsanangurawo Molchalina Griboyedov.

Kugadzirisa, kufadza nzvimbo dzakakwirira-hapana chakachinjwa kubva pakunyorwa kwekodhi. Mune basa "Nhamo kubva kuWi" mazwi emapapiro (2 chiito) zvakajeka kwazvo anoratidza maitiro ehutano hwevanhu. Mumashoko, munhu wose anoda kuchinja, asi panguva imwechete vanopomera avo vanovada. "Tsika itsva, uye zvakaoma kutenda," - saka vanotaura nhasi, apo vanonzwa nharo pamusoro pekudiwa kwekuvandudzwa uye kusagadzikana kwemasimba aripo.

Griboyedov mumuteereri wake mumufananidzo weMolchalin yakaratidza boka revanhu vakagadzirira kuzvinyadzisa ivo nekuda kwekukudza, uye kuti vakazviwana, vanonyadzisa nekuparadza vamwe munzira yavo.

Mazuva ano maitiro anosiyana zvikuru kubva ku Skalozub, Molchalin uye Famusov. "Vanhu vanopiwa mazita evanhu" - saka mu "Nhamo kubva kuWi" mazwi emapapiro (3 zviito) anoratidza mukana wekuwana mazita, mapoka uye ropafadzo.

FAMUSOV SOCIETY

Chimwe chinhu chakasiyana mumutambo "Nhamo kubva kuWi" ndiyo nharaunda yeNzara, iyo, sekusarudzwa, inosanganisira vanoita basa, vanyengeri, vanyepedzeri uye mbavha.

Mifananidzo yakajeka yakadaro seSpalozub, Famusov, Molchalin uye Prince Tugoukhovsky, ndivo vamiririri vezvisikwa umo Griboyedov akararama. "Vakawana kudzivirirwa kubva kumatare neshamwari, uye vemazuva ano vanhu vanoita zvekugara vari kuberekwawo.

Mumutambo "Nhamo kubva kuWi", mazwi ane mapapiro ayo anoshanda mazuva ano, Griboyedov akamanikidza vamiririri vakasiyana-siyana vevanhu mune imwe imba, vachiratidza "abscess" yake. Chatsky anozviwana ari oga nechishuvo chake chakasimba chokuchinja hupenyu hwevanhu kuti huve nani. Ane vateveri, izvo zvisina kutaurwa zvakananga mumutambo, somuenzaniso, munun'una we Skalozub, uyo akasiya basa rake rechiuto akaenda kunzvimbo kuti agadzirire hupenyu hweva serfs.

Asi vanhu vakadaro vashomanana kuderedza mafungiro evanhu. Chinhu chimwe chete chinoitika munharaunda yemazuva ano. "Freethinkers" vanoonekwa sevakadzingwa uye vanotambudzwa nevose vanhu uye vane masimba.

The Hero of Time

Mumusidhari wake Griboyedov ndiye wekutanga wevanyori kuti aite chimiro che "munhu" ari munharaunda isina kusimba. Zvizhinji gare gare, pachava naPechorin, Bazarov, Onegin. Nokudaro, kwenguva yekutanga muna Nhamo kubva kuWi, mabhii ane mapapiro anoratidzira mupfungwa yepfungwa yemunhu asingagoni kushandisa matarenda ake kubatsira nyika nevevanhu.

Kuti unzwisise kuti hakuna munhu anoda kuchinja, asi simba chete nemari, zvakaoma kune munhu akachenjera uye akajekeswa uyo akagadzirira kuzvipira nokuda kweMamailand.

"Ndivanaani vatongi? Ndeipi, Baba, titiudze, madzitateguru, watinofanira kutora kuti tiite samples? "Mutsara uyu wemapato Chatsky ari kuedza kuwana vanhu vanofunga, asi havakwanisi. Hapana munhu anotevedzera muenzaniso wacho uye achienderera mberi nekuvandudza kwakatangwa. Ruzhinji rwenyika ruchivhiringidza mukuchiva kwayo kusashandura chero chinhu.

Izvi zvakakoshawo munzanga yanhasi. Zvido zvomunhu oga munyaya dzekubudirira, purogiramu uye simba zvinowanikwa mberi kwezvinodiwa zvenyika uye nharaunda.

Mazuva ano masimba

Zvinosuruvarisa, mune zvenyika, apo vanhu vanoita simba guru kune vanhu, mune rumwe ruzhinji huchauya kune avo vanoda kutsvaga "kukwira" kumusoro kwesimba chero ipi zvayo, uye avo vanovapikisa.

Iko kuwandisa kwehuwandu hwevanhu vanofambira mberi vehupenyu hurikukura. Pasina "Machechi" hapangave nekushandura mune zvemagariro evanhu, tsika nemunhu wevanhu vose. Vanosundira vamwe vanhu kutora danho kuenda kuchinje muupenyu muupenyu hwekunaka.