Leo NdiTolstoy, "Youth", pepfupikiso

Ngano Tolstoho "Youth" re autobiographical trilogy ndiro bhuku rokupedzisira pashure zvikamu "Childhood" uye "Adolescence". Munyori anopfuurira kuudza nezvoupenyu Irteneva mhuri. Pfungwa munyori kuramba Nicholas, nechekare vakura, mukomana ane makore 16 okuberekwa.

Mhirizhonga uye madutu mweya muduku munyaya "Youth"

Finished NdiTolstoy "Youth", pfupiso dzatiri funga zvino, muna 1857, gore, 5 Makore anyora yokutanga yokufungidzira kutenderera - "Childhood". Panguva ino ini achinja uye munyori amene: mweya akasimuka, reworked zvikuru mumwoyo make uye mupfungwa. Pamwe naye dzakadzama chakaoma nzira yokuzviratidza ruzivo uye tsika kurimwa akaenda kufarira gamba rake, Nicholas: kubva nehanya, mukomana akanaka, iye dzikava kwazvo vaifunga rinopikisa kutsvaka nzira kwayo jaya.

NdiTolstoy anotanga "Youth" (pfupiso pamberi pedu) Kurondedzera Nikolenka pfungwa. Arikugadzirira kupinda University uye kurota nezveremangwana uye ake kugadzwa mukuru. Zvaakanga akazvigadza basa tsika kukura, gamba anonyora rinokosha notibhuku pfungwa dzake vakaita zviito, mabasa, mitemo kuti anofanira kutevera kana achida kuva zvokunamata zvechokwadi munhu.

On Week Mutsvene, ispovedyvayas pamberi confessor, Irtenev anonzwa Kuchenesa kwakadzika, pedyo kuna Mwari uye rudo chairwo kwaari, kuna vanhu uye pachako. Young Nicholas kufara kuti iye yakadaro anoshamisa, avhenekerwa, uye anoda musha zvose uye aiziva mhuri nezvazvo. Uye usiku, kufunga chimwe chiitiko, murefu, chiedza shoma akasvetuka ndokumanyira kuti kupupura itsva. Pashure pokugamuchira achangobva ruregerero uye kukanganwirwa, akanga zvikuru vanofara. Zvinoita sokuti munyika hakuna zvikuru kwakachena uye kuvhenekerwa, asi kana ari Achiviruka mukomana pfungwa anoudzawo zvakaitika ake uye manzwiro mberi mutyairi, uyo asina kugoverana manzwiro ake. Nikolenka mufaro zvishoma nezvishoma anopera panze, uye nhokwe kwayo haizorambi sokuti inokosha kudaro.

LN NdiTolstoy "Youth", pfupiso iyo tinoyeuchidzwa, anovaka ari mhando Nhaurirano gamba pachake. Jaya iri kuramba kuita kuzviongorora, mvumo kana mhosva pachako. Iye kutsvaka rinopikisa mhinduro dzemibvunzo "zvakanaka?" Uye "zvakaipa?". Asi achikura, kundopinda mugomba upenyu hutsva, zvichida kupfuura yakaoma muupenyu munhu wose.

Nicholas akava mudzidzi - ndiwo mhando vanopfuura kupinda mukuru panyika. Zvino jaya, Chokwadi, haagoni vanogumburwa. Ndiye shamwari Nekhludoff, namajaya akura pane akanga, zvakakomba, simba. Not isina pakuongorora, Irtenev anonzwisisa chii Dmitry - munhu uyo anofanira kuva, ari pakati "yendarama" pauduku: haana kunwa, usingatangi kuputa, haruzvibati kukutsvinyira uye kujairana haritauri kuzvirumbidza Kukunda vakadzi. Uye hachisi chokwadi pamusoro maitiro mamwe shamwari Nikolenka - Volodya uye Dubkov. Zvisinei, zvinoita sokuti Nicholas mharidzo "molodchestva" uye "comme Il faut": kuzvibata zvakanaka, kuita zvavanoda, vanoti kutamba uye hara, uye achiri munataisireva nayo. Nicholas unotevedzera shamwari dzake, asi hapana chakanaka haisi mugumo.

Mberi NdiTolstoy "Youth", pfupiso iro zvikuru zvinoita kuti tikwanise kunzwisisa musimboti chigadzirwa, rinotevera "muedzo" Nikolenka: somunhu akazvimirira uye munhu mukuru, anofanira kushandisa pasocial kudanwa shamwari mhuri, garai yakasimba, zvakanaka, chivimbo, chengeta kukurukura inofadza, uye zvichingodaro. d. Kushanya kwakadaro gamba yakaoma, akanga akabvovora munyika yavapenyu, uye vanhu sokuti campy, kujairika, venhema. The gamba haisi zvokuti anonzwisisa sei anongozvarwa anonzwa musimboti vanhu, saka zviri nyore chaizvo uye chete nepfungwa kuna Nekhludoff. Anokwanisa kutsanangura zvakawanda, ukadzivisa moralizing matauriro, vakabata achizvicheka Nicholas, pamusoro akamira zvakaenzana. Pasi pokudzora Dmitri Nikolai anoziva kuti kukura matanho, zvaakanga ari kuitwa, hakusi chete vasiri kuchinja pamuviri wake, uye paumbwe mweya wake.

Leo NdiTolstoy "Youth" akasika norudo, kuona kwavo vaduku Nicholas zvinodhura mukoma - namesake of gamba, uyewo pachake. Nokudaro, kupisa uye nehasha nako munyori inoreva huru hunhu, ake nyika yomukati. Somuenzaniso, apo mumusha Irtenev inoyemura pachokwadi hunhu, anonzwa zvikuru uye zvakavanda - zvinodhura kuti munyori, nekuti unhu ichi rinoratidza nyika vapfumi chomukati zviri gamba, ake vakasvinura aesthetic.

Muchitsauko ake okupedzisira "Youth" NdiTolstoy zvinoita kuti tifunge zvakawanda. Zvaakanga kudzidza, vakapinda itsva mudzidzi ezvinhu vanokudzwa youth, Irtenev kutanga anotanga kurarama maererano nemitemo yayo, kuenda kure Nekhludoff. Asi runako nokukurumidza gamba anotanga kuona: muchiedza hapana nzvimbo vepachokwadi manzwiro, mafungiro, maonero. All rwakatsiviwa kumagungano kwemarongerwe evanhu proprieties uye zvausingakwanisi. Zvichirwadza Nikolenka, akanga mwoyo pachake, ake akanaka, zviroto mano, uye vanhu vakanga zvinomukomberedza.

Asi kana iye awana mukabhuku, riri yakasainwa ne "Mitemo Roupenyu" rimwe zuva. Sobbing, yaanosarudza kuti anyore mitemo mitsva nokuda yakatendeseka, yakachena upenyu uye haachinji navo. Ari kumirira yechipiri hafu hwake, izvo zvinofanira hazvo kuva kufara zvikuru kutanga.