Makomo akakwirira kupfuura ose pasi. Ndeipi gomo rakanakisisa munyika, muEurasia uye muRussia

Kuumbwa kwemakomo makuru kupfuura mamwe ose pasi redu kunotora kwemamiriyoni emakore. Icho chigumisiro chetectonic tende kukanganiswa. Aya maitiro haasi kumira ikozvino. Kureba kwemakomo akakwirira kupfuura mamwe ose munyika kunopfuura chiratidzo chemasere zviuru masere pamusoro pegungwa. Kune zviyero zvina zvakadai pasi pano. Zvinofanira kutariswa kuti gumi gumi nepamusoro pepamusoro penyika zviri muHimalaya, iyo iri muEurasia uye inotenderera kwezviuru zvemakiromita zviuru. Maitiro avo mukukwira anorongedzerwa anorondedzerwa mune zvakadarika pasi apa. Mukuwedzera, iyo nyaya inoratidza humwe hukuru pane dzimwe nyika.

Annapurna

Iyi nhepfenyuro inovhara runyorwa "Makomo akakwirira eEurasia uye nyika". Mukushandura kubva kuSanskrit zita rayo rinoreva "mwarikadzi wekubereka". Kureba kwayo ndiko 8091 mamita. Nhamba yepamusoro yakatanga kupambwa muna 1950 neFrench vanokwidzika Louis Louisanal naMaurice Erzog. Iyo nhamba yepamusoro inonzi inonyanya kutyisa pasi pano maererano nekudzikinura, chiratidzo chinoratidza chechingave chinonzi mazita. Kusvika iye zvino, pane 150 zvakabudirira zvakakwira kune iyo, asi kufa kune 40%. Chikonzero chinowanzovhiringidza rufu ndechezvinyorwa zvechando.

Nangaparbat

Panzvimbo yepfumbamwe mu "The Highest Mountains of the Planet" ndiyo Nangaparbat, kana kuti "gomo revanamwari", mamita 8126 akareba. Kuedza kokutanga kukwira kwaiitwa muna 1859, asi kwakaguma mukukundikana. Kukwidza mune ramangwana hakukwanisi kukunda summit kwemakore anoda kusvika zana. Chero muna 1953 Herman Boule weAustria akazvimirira.

Manaslu

Kureba kwegomo iri 8163 mamita. Mukwidzi wokutanga kukwira yakanga iri muJapan mountaineer ainzi Toshio Imanisi, uye zvakaitika muna 1956. Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza chepamusoro-soro ndechekuti nekuda kwokuti yava pedyo neTibet kwenguva refu, pamwe chete nenharaunda yayo, yaiva nzvimbo yakavharwa kune dzimwe nyika vashanyi.

Dhaulagiri

Nzvimbo yakakwirira yeDhaulagiri iri pamakiromita, mamita mana chete akapamusoro kupfuura chiyero chekare chepamusoro pe "Highest Mountains Pasi". Muna 1960, boka revaEurope rakakwira kumusoro, iro rimwe rematambudziko akaoma kukwira. Inofanira kuonekwa kuti hakuna munhu akakunda nzira yekumaodzanyemba asi.

Cho Oyu

Gomo iri rine urefu hwemamita 8188. Inowanikwa pamuganhu weNepal neChina. Vanhu vokutanga vakakwanisa kukunda vaiva vaAustria Josef Jehler naHarbert Tihi. Vakasimudza muna 1954.

Makalu

Vatungamiri vashanu vechirongwa che "Makomo Makakwirira Kwazvo" ndiyo nheyo yeMakalu. Kazhinji inonziwo mutasvi werima. Mhemberero, iyo iri kumativi anenge 8485 mamita, yakatanga kukundwa nevaFirimu makomo muna 1955.

Lhodze

Chaizvoizvo, Lhodze ine zvikamu zvitatu zvakasiyana. Iyo yakakura pane iyo ine urefu hwe 8,516 mamita. Kwenguva yekutanga, kukwira kwaro kwakagadzirwa muna 1956 neSwitzerland vaviri - Fritz Luhsinger naErnst Reiss. Inofanira kuonekwa kuti iye zvino maitiro matatu chete anozivikanwa kumusoro.

Kanchenjunga

Gomo Kanchenjunga rinokwira kusvika kuma8586 mamita pamusoro pegungwa. Inowanikwa pamuganhu weNepal neIndia uye yakatanga kukundwa muna 1955 neboka revarwi vokuBritish rinotungamirirwa naCharles Evans. Kwemazuva mazhinji muhurukuro pamusoro pegomo ripi rakakosha pane imwe nyika, maonero akakunda ndeokuti yakange iri chaizvo Kanchenjunga. Zvisinei, mushure mekutsvakurudza kwenguva refu, akatamira kunzvimbo yechitatu munhamba yacho.

Chogori

Pamuganhu weChina neNepal kune gomo 861 mamita akakwirira. Iyo inowedzera yechipiri mune urongwa hwepamusoro-soro kwepamusoro penyika uye inonzi Chogori. Muna 1954, maItaly Aquila Compagnoni naLino Lacedaelli vakava vanhu vokutanga kukwira. Musoro wacho wakaoma zvikuru kukwira. Kufa pakati pevarwi vakakwira vachikwidza kunenge 25%.

Everest

Mhinduro kumubvunzo wegomo ripi rakakwirira kupfuura mamwe ose munyika rinozivikanwa kune vese vekudzidzira kuchikoro chesekondari. Ndiye Everest, anonziwo Jomolungma. Iyi nhamba ine 8848 mamita yakakwirira uye iri pakati peNepal neChina. Kuedza kukunda gore roga roga kunoitwa nevhareji vanokwira 500. Wekutanga, akakwanisa kuzviita, muna 1953 aiva Edmund Hillary weNew Zealand, uyo aiperekedzwa naSherp anonzi Tenzing Norgay.

Makomo akakwirira kupfuura mamwe makondinendi

Nzvimbo yakakwirira yeNorth America ndiyo McKinley Mountain 6194 mamita yakakwirira. Inotumidzwa mushure meumwe wevatungamiri veAmerica uye iri panharaunda yeAlaska. Iko kukwira kwekutanga kusvika kumusangano ndeyeJune 7, 1913.

Makomo akakwirira zvikuru eSouth America uye makomo akareba kwazvo munyika ndeye Andes. Icho chiri mumugwagwa uyu munharaunda yeArgentina ndiyo nhare yakakwirira yekondinendi uye zvose maAmerica makondinendi - Aconcagua (6962 m). Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti iyi nhamba yepamusoro ndiyo yakanyanya kuputika ine mapapiro pasi. Inofungidzirwa sechinhu chinokwira chichikwira chichikwira maererano nekumusoro. Yokutanga yavo yakanyorwa muna 1897.

Kilimanjaro, pakakwirira mamita 5,895, ndiyo gomo guru muAfrica, riri kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva kweTanzania. Kukwidzwa kwekutanga kwakagadzirwa muna 1889 nemumwe mufambi anobva kuGermany, Hans Meyer. Inofanira kuonekwa kuti Kilimanjaro inoputika gomo. Maererano nedzimwe nhepfenyuro, basa rekupedzisira rakaratidzwa makore mazana maviri akapfuura.

Elbrus ndiro gomo rakakwirira kupfuura kwete muRussia chete, asi muEurope yose. Kunze kwechokudzivirira kwepamusoro-soro kwepamusoro-kati, iyo yakaguma yakatanga muna 50 BC. Kureba kwemaodzanyemba kwemaodzanyemba kwakasvika mamita 5621, uye kumadokero - 5642 mamita. Kukura kwekutanga kune munhu kune mumwe wavo kwakadzoka muna 1829.

Makomo akakwirira eEurasia uye nyika yose inowanikwa muHimalaya. Vakakurukurwa zvakadzama kare.

Nzvimbo yakakwirira yeAustralia neOceania inozivikanwa sePunchak Jaya Mountain. Inowanikwa munharaunda yechitsuwa cheNew Guinea uye ine mamita 4884 mamita. Muchidimbu chekushandura kubva kuIndonesia, zita rinoreva "kukunda kwekukunda". Mumwe mufambi weDutch Jan Karstens akazarura muna 1623, uye kukwira kwekutanga kwakasvika muna 1962.

Makomo akakwirira eAntarctica ndiwo Vinson Massif. Nezvekuvapo kwayo yakazozivikanwa muna 1957 chete. Pamusana pokuti vakawanikwa nevanotyairi vemuAmerica, vakanzi vachitevera mumwe wevematongerwo enyika anozivikanwa zvikuru munyika ino - Karl Vinson. Nzvimbo yepamusoro ye massif iri pamatunhu 4892 pamusoro pegungwa.