Makomo Southern kweSiberia: nhoroondo uye jogirafi

Rimwe remasangano gomo enyika kondinendi, izvo kunosvika nokuti 4,500 makiromita, zvachose nzvimbo zvinopfuura hafu yemiriyoni mativi makiromita - makomo Southern kweSiberia. Zvakavigwa dzakadzika Asia, kutangira kumadokero kubva pamapani uye kuvakoka kusvikira kumahombekombe nePacific Ocean, neketani izvi kuumba Watershed pakati mukuru Siberian nzizi inoyerera kupinda Arctic Ocean, uye hapana asingasviki yakakurumbira reservoirs of East Far, rinopa mvura yaro yePacific. Belt makomo Southern kweSiberia ane zvokutora yakakwirira pamusoro pegungwa uye rwakoromoka zvakajeka landscaped nzvimbo. Vanopfuura 60% inogarwa gomo taiga. Relief pemvura yose kureba ane zvikuru twi, makuru amplitudes zvakakwirira, uye izvi zviri kukonzerwa akasiyana-siyana kwenzvimbo uye kusiyana kwemamiriro okunze.

jioroji

Mountains okumaodzanyemba kweSiberia havana kuumbwa panguva imwe chete. tectonic kukurudzira First kwakaitika muna Baikal mudunhu uye Eastern Sayan Mountains, nezvazvo Precambrian uye Lower Paleozoic matombo. Muna Paleozoic akaumba Altai, kuWestern Sayan uye Salairsky muhomba. Pashure pezvose, kare muna Mesozoic, akasimuka Eastern Transbaikalia. Mountain kuvaka kuramba nhasi, zvavanotaura uye kwenyika wepagore vachambokanganwa goko Earth ari muchimiro kunonoka subsidence kana kukurudzira. Mountains okumaodzanyemba kweSiberia uye yakaumbwa pasi pokudzora quaternary glaciation. Mazizaya akafuka gobvu paiva kwete chete ose arrays, asiwo kure kunze pamapani rwezasi-kumadokero. It gurwa mazizaya anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri vakaumba dombo niche, nokuda izvo anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri kuva yakamanikana uye unopinza dzakatenuka - pamawere goronga - yakadzika.

Okunze uye mamiriro enzvimbo mhando

Nokuti yose kureba gomo nzvimbo kumaodzanyemba kweSiberia taora avhareji tembiricha pagore, kureva refu dzechando pamwechete frosts huru kwazvo. On kumadokero mujinga muzhizha kuchinaya, chando simba - kusvika mamita matatu. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, makomo Southern kweSiberia munzvimbo idzi akafukidzwa kwakafumuka taiga (zvomusiperesi, nedanda), pane anezvimiti zhinji uye Mafuro akanaka. Kumabvazuva mawere uye pamihoronga kunayisa iri zvikuru zvishoma inopisa yechirimo uye akaoma kwazvo, kazhinji inowanzorimwa nharaunda. Pakati gomo neeSultan South kweSiberia nokuti chando mutsetse vanomutswa chete Altai, muna Eastern Sayan Mountains uye Stanovoy Highlands - chete pane mazitombo echando. Kunyanya yakawanda vari Altai - 900 mativi makiromita ane mazitombo echando.

The nzvimbo yechizvarirwo enzizi makuru

Zvaiva imomo kuti tinobva zvose zvikuru Siberian rwizi Ob, Irtysh, Yenisey, Lena, Amur. Inoyerera rokutanga yakamanikana wakajeka mumipata pakati pamawere dzisingambosvikiki mawere. Nokuti kusimba kutsanya - gwara mawere kusvika zvakawanda makumi ezviuru metres imwe kiromita kufamba. Nechepasi kusvika nzizi dzose zvakasiya zvisaririra muchimiro mazizaya rakamonana mabwe, "iri mutton pahuma", mbariro uye moraines. Mountains okumaodzanyemba kweSiberia, pamepu uko akadzidza kunyange chikoro, kuumbwa mumidziyo yavo uye circuses madhamu kuti asina runako. Vazhinji vavo, uye vamwe yakanaka. Somuenzaniso, cascading Multinsky Altai, Teletskoe ikoko - dzomunharaunda chiwanikwa uye zvinoshamisa Aya. Grand uye zvakanaka chaiyoiyo gungwa munyika - Lake Baikal. Beautiful Markakol Ulug-Hol, Todzha.