Maria Cantemir: Biography, mhuri. Last rudo Peter Mukuru

Mwanasikana Maria Moldovan Prince Cantemir - ichangobva kufarira kuti Peter I. dzorudo yavo yakatanga kare mukupera upenyu chokutanga Russian pamambo. Rakanga rakaoma nokuda mumuzinda anonyengera uye kuroora Catherine I. Peter Mary akava napamuviri mambo, asi mwana akazvarwa nokukurumidza akafa. Tenzikadzi akapukunyuka autocrat kwemakore 32.

mhuri

Maria Cantemir akaberekwa muna 1700 mumhuri Moldavian muchinda Dmitriya Konstantinovicha Kantemira. Childhood yaaipedza ari Istanbul, apo baba vake, mumwe mukuru mugari. Muna 1711 Dmitry mutongi akapika kuna Russian chamber. Peter ipapo ndakatanga ari Prut Campaign, achida kusimbisa Sea Black uye zinyekenyeke Turkish Sultan, ane muranda akanga asati Cantemir. The pokurwa rakakundikana. Peter ndaifanira kusaina zvisingafadzi. runyararo chibvumirano, uye ake zvomuMoldova defector kugara kuRussia (Petro "kunzwisisa uye iri Council anokwanisa").

Vachitevera muenzaniso wababa vake Maria Cantemir, pamwe Midzi Romanian, iye akapiwa dzidzo yechiGiriki. Aiziva Latin uye Italian mitauro, nezvenyeredzi, masvomhu inokosha, zvinotaurwa nevezvematongerwe, uzivi uye nhoroondo. Kuverenga muchiGiriki mabhuku Ancient yekare chakavhura wake. Akanga kwazvo mufananidzo uye mumhanzi.

Kufambira mu Russia

Muna 1711, mhuri Maria Cantemir akatamira Kharkov, uye akanga muMoscow muna 1713. Uyezve, baba vake chakabvumwa Estates hombe Sevsk, uye Kursk mumaruwa. Place sezvo zvachose mhuri dzokugara waiva musha pedyo Moscow vane zita kunoshamisa Black Dirt. Raiva mumugwagwa kwakazokonzera guru mutsva St. Petersburg. Kare izvozvo zvaiva yavatezvara Prince Vasily Golitsyn - yaanofarira muchindakadzi Sophia.

Kantemir Mariya Dmitrievna kwaigara imwe emapuranga imba, iyo yakavakwa yeRussia manyorerwo yekare. Floor, pamwe raiiswa matenga edzimba, zvakanga zvakasiyana chaizvo kubva zvetsika mavakirwo mwana. Mary kunyange aitofanira kuwana nyika patsva. Russian akatanga kudzidzisa kwake kuverenga nokunyora inozivikanwa munyori uye mushanduri Ivan Ilyinsky. Love kuverenga Mariya rakaonekwawo nemhaka mai Cassandra, chipo yakawanda unhu hwakanaka. Zvakanga iye akanga mhosva dzidzo yevana idzodzo nguva apo vana baba vasingagoni kuita. Maria akava hanzvadzi uye vana vababa Smaragd: Matthew Constantine, Sergey neAndiyokiya (vaiva mumwe nezvemamiriro okunze).

Istanbul mudzidzisi

Chimwe mudzidzisi kuti akachinja kutapwa rokupedzisira mukadzi Petra Velikogo, Anastasius akazviratidza Kondoidi. Murume uyu akanga ari mupristi yechiGiriki uye zvine upenyu hwake nemhuri Cantemirs shure panguva apo iye ndokugara Istanbul. Mugore Turkish guta guru Russian chamber Sezvaitarisirwa, yave nokungwarira conspiratorial shora Network. Anastasios Kondoidi yaikosha chaizvo nzvimbo pakati Moscow zvakavanzika nevamiririri. ruzivo ake akapfuura nomunyika Wenyika Petra Tolstogo. Tiine-simba rose Count Kantemir Mariya Dmitrievna achagadzira ukama atova guru.

Kana Kondoidi, ndiye akatanga wadhi yake Italian netsika (mupristi aipedza nguva yakawanda ari Apennine kweItari). Kushora Anastasia akaita kunyumwira muna Istanbul, uye aifanira kutiza hweOttoman Empire. Akanga zvakare Cantemir pashure Vasvika Russia, uye pakukwegura nezita Athanasius akava mumongi.

Life muMoscow

Vachiri mai zvikuru muduku Maria Cantemir Cassandra akafa muna 1713 aine makore 32. Kupotera mutoro kwaari, uye kuedzwa chokuita chichifamba uye zvakohwewa nezvakanga zvakaita vasanyanya kuputsika utano. Vana vakasara achitarisirwa baba. Akapa dzose nguva navo, kusvikira raifamba Cantemirs muna Petersburg. chikonzero chake chaiva convergence pamusoro Dmitry Konstantinovich, uye Petro.

Muna 1717 Mambo paakasvika Moscow, kwaaigara kuti 2.5 mwedzi. Rakanga chimwe chezvinhu zvakaoma nguva mu upenyu autocrat. Pausiku kumuganhu akamhanya mwanakomana wake Alex. Zvino muchinda akaedza kudzokera kumusha kwavo Count NdiTolstoy, uye Petro kwindi yaiva muMoscow. Pakutanga 1718, zvichiteverwa chakarongwa renunciation pechigaro choushe Alexei. Mhemberero pakati yezve kodzero choumambo kwakaitika Cathedral iri kubvuma. Ipapo Petro Dmitry Kantemir akatanga kukurukura zvakawanda kupfuura kare. mutongi Vaimbove zvomuMoldova akatanga kugara namambo. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti nyaya dzavo kukurukura chimwe panguva uye yakaramba isingazivikanwi.

Kujairirana namambo

Kokutanga Maria Cantemir akaona Peter I muna 1711 panguva Prut rutsigiro, apo iye nomudzimai wake Catherine akashanyira vokuMoldova guru Iasi. Personal kujairirana rakaitirwa 1717-metres Suburban imba yababa vake. 1 Peter, kubata nyaya nemhuri dzavo (kudzoka Tsarevich Alexei akafa mutirongo), uye ndisisina vazhinji ake pedyo vakuru, vaakanga vavaifungira hurumende. Zvino mambo wakange achida itsva vanhu. Izvi anotsanangura dambudziko rake Dmitriya Kantemira pa St. Petersburg.

Kutonga nezvinooneka sei muchinda Moldavian kwaisanyatsooneka kutama, haana kuda kusiya Moscow. Kunyange zvakadaro, iye asingagoni kuramba mambo anotyisa. Paakangosvika nheyo guru Akatora pamwe naye uye vana, kusanganisira vaduku Mary. Petersburg akagamuchira vaenzi kusingaenzaniswi muMoscow pamusoro munzanga. -Gore 57-okuberekwa wamambo kudanana akanaka Anastasiyu Trubetskuyu Jinda, waakawana nokukurumidza. Shure kwaizvozvo chaisatarisirwa dzoro Princess Maria Cantemir kumanikidzwa kuti ndinovawoneka aimbova simba namahwindo upenyu.

In guru,

Petersburg soro chiedza mhenyu tsika maererano mambo. 1 Peter vasingagoni kumira pamberi Moscow patriarchy, uye akaita itsva guta vakagara tsika dzokuMadokero. Nokuti Maria, uyo akaberekwa muna Moldova, mirairo dzakadaro vakanyanya kujairika. Iye nyongoroka akapa yake vanongogara Oriental mapfekero uye kupfeka mufashoni nguo peEurope Petersburg.

Dmitry Kantemir nomudzimai wake muduku uye mwanasikana mukuru aiva dzose muenzi dzimwe mhemberero yamambo. Peter aida kuronga magungano, Skating uye vachitamba. Zvikurukuru zhinji vaiva dzemazororo muchando 1721-1722 gg., Wakauya mushure Russian kukunda pamusoro Sweden iri Northern War. Peter mumakore maviri adarika asati, akanga nguva dzose munzira kana muhondo. Akararama pamusoro utsinye papurogiramu uye zvanyanyisa kushanda kuburikidza nyika yavo. Zvino ndiwo vhiki kumboitika mhemberero. Vakatendeukira kuna kuva apotheosis izvo rwakatora mazuva anoverengeka varaidza anoedzesera. Maria Cantemir naPetro kuonana kakawanda munguva kumbobvira-nowakachenjera mutambo uyu. Mukuwedzera, vakaona mumwe nokuda kwemajoini basa ramambo uye Prince Dmitry.

sultana

Kupfuura kusungira mumwe Maria Cantemir naPetro? Chekutanga Moldovan Princess akadzidziswa chaizvo, uye kunyanya nemitemo nevakadzi vanhuwo uye akakurumbira Russian iyoyo. Zvinozivikanwa kuti Peter ane yakafarikana erudition uye kuziva. Aifarira sayenzi uye kugara richisvika kuti chinhu chitsva. Uyezve, Mariya akanga akasiyana vakadzi akapoteredza kuti paiva vaeni zhinji, uye kunyanya Greek mariri. Pamusoro panze vasikana anenge hapana anozivikanwa. nhoroondo Portraits ayo ainyorwa paakanga afa uye uri kuruoko Chidimbu ruzivo vakararama.

The musikana akakurumidza kuteerera runako Peter. Zvichakadai, baba Maria Cantemir yakanga kuenda ape musikana akaroorwa. Maoko ake akabvunza Prince Ivan Dolgoruky. Dmitry K. akabvuma, asi Maria, uyo akanga atova aidanana Kesari, akaramba nomuroori. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mambo vaigara muchato. Aiva mukadzi - remangwana Empress Catherine I. Yaingova mukadzi mambo kwete. Catherine akaramba shamwari-refu yacho autocrat. Wife akaperekedza naye rutsigiro rwemauto uye haisi ainyara pamusoro paruzhinji zvenyika. Tsiva zvakanga zvisiri nyore.

pamuviri

Muna 1722 Dmitry Kantemir akanyora tsamba hwakadzama kuna mambokadzi, umo Akatsanangura haana pfungwa pamusoro mwanasikana ane autocrat. Zvisinei, biographers uye vanyori venhau kubvumirana pfungwa, kuti muchinda akanga avete. A murevereri pakati pake uye Catherine ndiye Count Pyotr NdiTolstoy, yaizivikanwa chivande. Aimbova mutongi chinzvimbo vaitarisira kuti Kesari Petra Velikogo anoda achapedzisira ave mudzimai wake, uye Cantemir Romanovs uye vanobatana mune dynastic muchato.

Plans Dmitry Konstantinovich pedyo Implementation, kana chakazivikanwa kuti Mariya akanga ava nepamuviri. Zvichakadai, Peter waneta upenyu rehurumende uye akaisa pamusoro kuronga danidziro muPezhia. Kuenda kumabvazuva, izvozvo akamutora uye mwanasikana wake Dmitry sezvo Suite. Cantemir aida mambo aite chikumbiro kuna mutauro Turkish kuti vagari muganhu kumatunhu Persia.

kundikana dhirivahari

The rwendo zvakatanga muna Persia kubva Astrakhan muna July 1722. Peter mishomanana rakabayirwa muhondo itsva. Kunyange zvazvo zvakanga, Mary, akaramba ari Astrakhan, akabereka. Akapa mukomana, asi mwana zvakazoonekwa kuti vakurumidze uye nokukurumidza akafa. Pakafa mwana anoronga Dmitriya Kantemira yokuroorana Petro mwanasikana wake anopararira. Uyezve, panguva chirongwa muPezhia Prince akanga arwara. Akanga pakarepo tabes (kubva chete chirwere akafa hanzvadzi Mary Smaragd).

Cantemir refu nguva haana kuda kusiya Astrakhan. Pakupedzisira, zvinoita asimbisa simba chando mugwagwa mumwe. Pakutanga mhuri yakanga kuronga kuenda kuMoscow, asi munzira ikava chinhu munda vemazuva Dmitrovka Orel. Ikoko Dmitriyu Konstantinovichu akava kunyange kuipa. baba Mary vakafa musi waSeptember 1, 1723.

Petro rufu

Princess Maria Cantemir, ane Biography chaiwo muenzaniso vakaramba rwatenzikadzi, akapiwa nhaka yake, asi chaizvoizvo wakarambwa pachivanze. Panzvimbo ino, akanga achiparidza muzvinhu mhuri. The musikana akasiya nevanun'una zvina uye hanzvadzi duku chaizvo kubva muchato baba vake rwechipiri.

Zvinhu zvakachinja zvinoshamisa mumatsutso 1724. Catherine vakatanga aidanana kamera-kadheti Villim raiva Mons. On Panyaya iyi, yakasvika pakuzivikanwa mambo. Peter Ndaiva chaityisa pakutsamwa. Akatongera raiva Mons, asi haana kubata mudzimai wangu, zvisina refu asati korona uye akaita mudyi wenhaka yake chigaro. Zvisinei, ukama hwavo rakaparadzwa. Ipapo Petro zvakare akaita shamwari Maria Cantemir. Zvisinei, uye nguva ino kufarira kukurukura wamambo uye haana kuenda mberi. Pakutanga ra1725 autocrat iye akarwara ndokufa musi 8 February.

Papera upenyu

Norufu Peter Maria akanga mukunyadziswa. Zvisinei, akazosvika pfupi. Kana iye akafa muna 1727 Catherine I, muchindakadzi zvakare kuva courtly nhamba. Pakutanga iye ndokugara St. Petersburg, asi akabva atamira Moscow pedyo nehama akashumira paChigaro First. Maria ainakidzwa nyasha Natalia - nehanzvadzi Emperor Peter I, uye inotevera mutongi wenyika Anna Ivanovna muna 1830 akaita murandakadzi wake kukudzwa.

Cantemir kumboroorwa. ukama hwemhuri yake vakanga achingopiwa kutarisira vanun'una uye vakawanda litigation rwake mainini-vezera. A gakava akazviratidza Chokwadi, nhaka. Muna 1730 Mary D. zviri yavo musha Moscow mabhuku Salon. To varo courted nokuda mutevedzeri gavhuna St. Petersburg Fedor Naumov, asi akanga aramba.

mumakore achangodarika

Muna 1741, Mary aivapo panguva kugadza kuna Elizabeth, uyo akakwira choumambo mushure yamambo nevapanduki. Imwe Duchess hama, Andiyoki, vakatamira Paris. Veukama akaramba dzinonakidza kuti dzekare tsamba muchiGiriki chemazuva ano uye Italian.

Muna 1745, kufarira Petro Ndakawana Ulitkino kuchamuka pedyo Moscow, apo akaporesa kunyarara chakayerwa upenyu. Ikoko iye akavaka chechi itsva, uye kuda kwake akataura kuti aida kuonekwa pamusoro wotoona temberi wemamongi. Maria akafa musi waSeptember 9, 1757.