The menduru "Nokuti Kutsigira Caucasus". Soviet mibayiro muchiuto

Battle nokuti Caucasus yava imwe wakarebesa nguva hondo Great Patriotic War. Zita tsika 1 May 1944 menduru Zvakacherechedzwa chete Paunotanga yokurwisana pakati pemauto maviri ari makomo nzvimbo kumaodzanyemba USSR, kunyange maererano chinzvimbo, mukuru menduru "Nokuti Kutsigira Caucasus" wakapiwa vechikamu uye kunogumbura hondo pamhemberero 1943.

"Operation Edelweiss"

Rongai kuti andobata mikuru nharaunda mafuta-, apo Soviet Union kwava kusvika 85% kuti mbishi zvinhu huni, yakanga aifarirwa muzhizha 1942 Hitler makore. Izvi oparesheni mauto akapiwa bumbiro remitemo zita zita rakaisvonaka gomo ruva. "Edelweiss" akapa pamitsara mitatu shamhu nokuda boka German Mauto "A": Two - yokunzvenga gomo neeSultan of Caucasus pamwechete rokurwa zvengarava kweGungwa Dema kumhenderekedzo uye kurwiswa kweGungwa reCaspian pamwe kuenda kudunhu Baku, wechitatu - kuburikidza huru Caucasus gomo siyana pamwe kubatwa yeminda mafuta Grozny.

Sezvo zvakanga inogarwa deposits pakati tungsten uye manganese, pasina pazviri pasingabviri itye zvombo uye warrior simbi, kuti pashure kurasikirwa Ukraine Caucasus yazova rimwe mikuru bhizimisi zviyo, chirongwa "Edelweiss" kuti kuisa Soviet Union inonetsa zvikuru chinzvimbo. All paakavapa ari menduru "Nokuti Kutsigira Caucasus" - zvose zvechiuto uye zvavo, kunzwisisa kukosha kukunda kumaodzanyemba, uye kwokuomerwa kurwa pamapani ari Caucasus, vaiona mubayiro mumwe chezvinhu nomukurumbira mibayiro kubva yehondo zvose.

gadzira munyori

Nikolay Ivanovich Moskalov. Zita the artist rwuripowo tsanangudzo Medals uye Kushongedzwa hwakasikwa maererano mazano ake. Pakati pavo, kuti menduru "Nokuti Kutsigira Moscow", "Nokuti Kutsigira Stalingrad", etc,.. Kutuzov Order , uye pamwe vanoremekedzwa zvikuru mubayiro World - murwi Order yeKubwinya.

The menduru "Nokuti Kutsigira Caucasus" ukasunungurwa dzino kuti ayo akaitwa womufananidzo ndiyo chete nguva kushandisa National motifs pamwe Geolocation: maruva uye mazambiringa.

Description of mari

Nechemberi kurutivi nendarira menduru kumativi "Nokuti Defense Caucasian" 32 mm mu dhayamita ine soro rinozotora mufananidzo Caucasian makomo - Elbrus. At Musana - mufananidzo shongwe mafuta-, matangi kurwa motokari pamwe nemasoja. Pamusoro gomo pane vatatu ndege siluetti. izvi zvose huri decoration nomukombero unoratidza muzambiringa. In yokumusoro chikamu - "Nokuti Kutsigira Caucasus" uta-zvakaumbwa akanyorwa muna akamutsa tsamba. Decorative pomukombero pamusoro rinokamukana nyeredzi nechepasi - bhandi ne nenyundo nembezo uye rakanyorwa "USSR".

The pafiripi divi nemari - zvinopesana neizvi - a succinct mhinduro, iyo nhaka zhinji rwisana Medals WWII: convex sando nembezo, uye pasi pawo - the chinjikira akanyorwa pamitsara mitatu "Nokuti Our Motherland yeSoviet".

Standard pentagonal Zvidhinha izvo zvinenge zvose revarwi Medals ose USSR, zvakasimba Moire Ribbon. Yakafara - 24 neMM, nechigadziko ruvara - omuorivhi micheto - rwebhuruu mitsetse 2,5 mm paupamhi. Nepakati - muorivhi ubvise (2 mm) pamwe dzvuku gandiwa seari pasi chena ubvise (6 mm) pamwe rwebhuruu gandiwa.

Danho rokutanga Hondo kuCaucasus

Operation "Edelweiss" Pakutanga zvakanga abudirire muuto reGermany, uye akaenda maererano purogiramu. Mumwe pashure pomumwe, vakabatwa maguta makuru Stavropol uye Krasnodar nharaunda, kusanganisira guta guru remunharaunda, uye Armavir, ėlista, Mozdok, Maikop, uye vazhinji Novorossiysk. A chiratidzo kubudirira vaNazi akanga kudyara muna August 1942 boka chaiye makomo ane swastika mureza pamusoro Elbrus.

shure Red Army kuti mune dzimwe nzvimbo gomo akatarira vasina kurongeka: murayiro Soviet aisatarisira kuti vokuGermany kuti arwise kuburikidza kuenzana pemipata gomo. Uye yakawandisa musiyano waiva kwegadziriro Vapfuri gomo German uye tidzivise Red Army. Kunyange zvakadaro, pakazosvika September 1942 Wehrmacht kunogumbura rakaguma.

Mirayiro pamusoro menduru

Maererano murau menduru yakanga paakavapa kuti varwi vose Red Army, iyo Navy uye NKVD mauto, kwete mwedzi mitatu, akatora mugove hondo nokuti Caucasus munguva kubva July 1942 kusvika October 1943. Get vakakuvadzwa mune hondo menduru "Nokuti Kutsigira Caucasus" wakapiwa zvisinei ya kuitawo Caucasian muchiuto mashandiro izvi.

Vanhuwo zvavo uyewo paakavapa ari menduru, kusanganisira kuita kuvaka masvingo, yakatanga muna 1941. Medals zvakapiwa Soviet Union pachishandiswa zvinyorwa nekanzuru muchiuto, uto vezvokurapa uye zviremera nzvimbo uko zviito muchiuto akatora nzvimbo: Krasnodar uye Stavropol Territories, Georgia neAzerbaijan dzeSoviet.

Kufanana mibayiro zvose zvakadaro, kuti menduru "Nokuti Kutsigira Caucasus" zvinopfekwa kurutivi rworuboshwe, nzvimbo akanga akatsunga mushure menduru "Nokuti Kutsigira Kiev."

Soviet counteroffensive

Chikuru chikonzero kukundwa vokuGermany kumaodzanyemba mushandirapamwe, vaongorori mauto anonzi kupararira mauto maviri kumativi - Caucasian uye Stalingrad, izvo zvakazoita kuti kukundwa vari Wehrmacht ari pamahombekombe Volga uye pamwe kumiganhu Black uye reCaspian makungwa. Asi chikonzero chikuru yakanga akaratidzwa Soviet masoja uye vezvikepe kushinga uye ushingi. VokuGermany vakakundikana andobata kana Stalingrad, kwete kupaza kuna Grozny uye Baku.

Pashure vanotyisa kuzvidzivirira hondo kubva pakutanga 1943 Red Army yakatanga counteroffensive, uye kana kwete kuitira aHitler yokubva uto wokumaodzanyemba muCrimea, chikuru mauto Army Group "A" kwaizoratidzwa dzakandipoteredza uye kuparadzwa.

Chaizvo waiva mhepo muhondo zvinopindura muna Kuban denga - mumwe kupfuura munhau. Winning aigovera hunobatsira vezvikepe Soviet mudenga, kuti varege musapotse kuguma hondo. It Kubvira amuka nyeredzi yeSoviet Ace Aleksandr Pokryshkina uyewo paakavapa imwe honorary mubayiro.

On October 9, okupedzisira masoja eGermany akasiya Taman Peninsula, kuCaucasus yave zvakazara akasunungurwa. A semastreamer German zvikanyauka pamusoro peGomo Elbrus Soviet masoja-makomo muna February 1943. Asi, vakanga vachisimudza mireza of USSR.

South uta

Zita ndibatsireiwo pamusoro yakatarwa pakati mibayiro mitatu - Medals of USSR, yakatsaurirwa nezvakaitika chikamu wokumaodzanyemba Guru Patriotic War - Southern uta. "Nokuti Kutsigira Caucasus" - kupfuura hombe mubairo uyu yakatarwa: vanenge 870 zviuru akanga paakavapa kwaari muna 1985 Kunosanganisira mumwe menduru "Nokuti Kutsigira Sevastopol" (52.5 zviuru paakavapa) uye "Nokuti Kutsigira Odessa" (anenge 30 zviuru. ), yakasimbiswa panguva imwechete - December 22, 1942.

Southern naanamai uta, pane vanhu chete vanenge 990. The kupfuura ihwai ndiyo kunozivikanwa Marshal Urume Mihaylovich Budenny - akarayira kwokubatana kuti muchirongwa toughest hondo yokutanga chokutambudzika hondo muGungwa Dema nemhenderekedzo. Asi nokusingaperi ndangariro imwe Feat wakafanira rese ehondo avo - kubva munhuwo kusvika Marshal.