Mhute muhwezva kubva ndege uye zvitundumuseremusere

A-siyana magazini, izvo mubasa muunganidzwa uye kuongorora mashoko chokuita kubudirira uye matambudziko avhiyesheni, kazhinji taura mufunge kuti zvinhu zvine chokuita basa uye nemamiriro upgraded mano, akadai ndege, zvombo, helicopters uye ndege yasara. Kazhinji pasi kuongorora zvose mananara kuti atore nzvimbo mukati uye kunze nemamiriro motokari panguva ndege. Kazhinji ichi unoratidza contrail. Vazhinji vanhu vakarinda rakaisvonaka ndege anotiza izvo havadarowo sandarara zviuno.

Pfungwa chiitiko ichi

Contrails akaumba ari tropopause. On kwayo chidzoke sei mvura mhute kuti vanosangana kunowedzera condensation. Ivo varipo vari combustion zvigadzirwa, sezvo panguva yokupisa yeHydrocarbon chinotsva wapera noruvara. Abva kutonhora yakakwana kunze uye yakajeka mhute kutevera ndege kana zvimwe zvinouraya dzaishandiswa mudenga kunova kuchioneka.

Kune chaiyo mhepo chokuratidza, iyo advantageously kuitwa chete jeka ekunze. Zviitwa izvi zvakarongwa pasi, pamwe mamiriro makurusa munyika. Panguva ino vazhinji nechido vaoni akatarisa kwebasa muzvizhinji kuti ndege kuita anofambisa dzinonakidza mudenga. The chikuru chinoratidza zvinhu izvi ndiyo Kuramba inobwinya plume kubva motokari neimwe. Kazhinji kudaro kuti ndege mumwe ane yayo ruvara loop kuti anobatsira kuwana kupfuura yakajeka uye asingakanganwiki kushanda.

Kusiyana ndege, zvitundumuseremusere dzose kuchengetera hombe, kazhinji kunyange anotyisa mavanga kuti usacheuka chete guru, asi vanewo mufumi ruvara. Ivo dziripo kubva ndege pamwe yetsiva zvokuyamura. nzira iyi inogona kuchengetwa kwete chete nokuda mushandirapamwe pazviitiko, asi ari mumugwagwa kana kutsausa TV iri nzira mubereko. Saka unogona kuona mhute muhwezva.

bapiro vortex

Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti ndege yaiva ndege anoenda pfupi uye zvakakwana wakafara munharaunda yakapoteredza, iyo yava nekusiyana, nechivako kwayo kwenguva refu nguva iri kuchinja kwake. Fani iyi kazhinji kunzi tangled njanji. Kazhinji zvinoratidzika pasi zvinoitwa ndege michini, nekuti vakaramba panguva kushanda vanofanira kushamwaridzana zvakatipoteredza. Uyewo pane izvi ndepaya ndege bapiro vortices.

Kana tikaenzanisa kuti chinokosha inokanganisa zvakatipoteredza, ushasha anogara akahupa mapapiro muromo vortices. Kune zviratidzo zvizhinji tangled makwara, asi kazhinji vanokweverwa dzinokosha zvirongwa akafanana jira kujairwa micheto, migumo chiri chose yakakoswa, zvinokwanisika kuti kuenzanisa navo vortices.

Achitsaudzira muitiro: yesayenzi pfungwa

Achitsaudzira muitiro unogona nyore kutsanangurwa nesayenzi. Rinooneka inopenya kumanikidzwa musiyano pakati mativi wamapapiro ndege, ndiko kuti, avo okumusoro hukawanika. Air ari zvishoma nezvishoma redistributed kunzvimbo dzakaderera pamusoro, sezvinoonekwa vakawanda yakakwirira kumanikidzwa pamusoro payo, pamusoro, kuramba munzvimbo pamwe rakadzika kuvafurira.

redistribution ichi kunoitika kuburikidza pamugumo mumwe bapiro, nokuti izvo zvinoumba simba uye kuoneka chaizvo vortices. Chii ndechokuti simba kwokudzvinyirira inodonha, napo pamusoro ari chikwidzo. ukoshi ichi ane simba rokuchinja bapiro. Chii ichi zvazviri akasimba, zvikuru simba uye vakakurumbira vortices vari aumba.

pezvitsiga siyana ndege bapiro vortex kugovera chiteshi

mhepo kuyerera zvazvingava kuchinja dzimwe nguva, asi zvinogona anenge kutsunga kana panogasa vortex dhayamita vanenge 8-15 m, vanofanira kutaura kukosha 150 km / h. Zano vortex inogona kuumbwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinoenderana chiratidzo, configuration yacho ndege. Chinokosha varwi simba "Mirage 2000" uye F-16C, kana yezwi nzvimbo munguva kutiza rurefu angled kurwiswa.

Process chitarisiko muromo vortex

Zano vortex iri mufanidziro kuburikidza chaiwo tracer jenareta, basa zvakakodzera mharidzo utsi muhwezva. Zvinoitwa maatomu akafanana izvi nokuda nokuchinja mamiriro kwechadenga kunotora nguva refu. Zvadaro, peripheral kumhanya zvishoma nezvishoma dzaserera, kuti chinhu chinooneka chinhu akarasika uye haarambi.

Vachitungamirirwa chiito nguva vortex peripheral velocity decays, nokuti izvo kuona mufananidzo kuchinja contours kusvikira kusvikira yakanyauka zvachose. Akangwara Swirl kuchinyanya ingangowedzera maminitsi maviri mushure ndege kubhururutsa yakananga nzvimbo. vortex kwakadaro anokwanisa yekudyidzana kukanganisa nendege ndege muoti, iyo yakarova nharaunda zvomumhepo, nekusiyana Zvakaitwa yapfuura motokari.

Long-rokuti akataura pamusoro muromo vortex

Kana vortexes vari vakaita nemumwe, ivo sipidhi uye kupararira, i.e. oneka shanduko haazombotaurwi mumhepo. Ndege mhute muhwezva iri nzvimbo huru kuchengeta transformations ayo. Pashure anenge 30 - mumasekonzi 40, rwunotanga kuchinja chimiro, sezvo inobata zvakasimba vortex kuti anovandudza zvishoma nezvishoma. Kana piringisha uye inversion uye vortex akaturikidzana vari whimsical zvitarisiko iyo inogona kwerubwinyo rwakagara rwuripo dzaona, sezvo nedanho inotungamirwa wavo ane mapatani siyana.

Kuwanda Lanes uye kureba contrail iri nokudzorwa nhamba uye urongwa injini hurongwa. Muchiitiko chino, nemhute muhwezva, akayangarara kwete chete mudenga, asi nguva dzose Virtual, nokusika dzinonakidza contours. Most kazhinji dzakaona nokuvhiringidza akaturikidzana pasi pokudzora muromo vortex. All rukoko kushandurwa hunoratidza zvakasiyana siyana aerodynamic pezvakaitwa kuti munogara kuumbwa pakuita kutiza.

Loose-vortex aibuda

Dzimwe nguva vezvikepe vanomanikidzwa kuita zvakasiyana siyana kurwisa zviri kuitwa neboka guru angled kuti zvaidiwa kupfuura 20 inegumi. Panyaya iyi, mhando unyatsoshanda ndege panguva matunhu zvinosiyana zvikuru. Tanga kuoneka misodzi nharaunda kuti zvinganaka wakaiswa pedyo rokumusoro pose bapiro uye fuselage. Ivo kumanikidza kunodzikira zvakasimba, saka pakarepo anotanga yevasungwa uye zvibereko mumhepo unyoro. Nemhaka iyi zvinoumba basa kuchengeta kutiza ndege zvinoita pasina kushandisa tracers.

Terms uye mamiriro kuti chidzoke munhu misodzi-kure-vortex kushanda

Kana pakona kurwisa iri guru, vakakomba ndege inoumbwa ne chinokosha kukosha denderedzwa rechiedza gore. Kana ndege iri kubhururuka, gore rino vachangoerekana kupinda vortex mhute kutevera kubva ndege. Kazhinji Ndege vari yakaumbwa pedyo Kuparadzana nzvimbo wamapapiro, ndokusaka nechitarisiko vortex tambo zvakajeka kuchengetwa. Heino contrail, ane mapikicha vari nguva inonakidza.

Hot achangopfuura zvombo

Dzimwe nguva panguva chombo kanda vasangana ne Muzviitiko zvakadaro kana pane fura aibuda munzvimbo gasi-mhepo nzira, iri chitundumuseremusere propulsion hurongwa. The gasi jeti amutambanudzira kubva imwe chitundumuseremusere injini, dzinoratidzwa yakakwirira tembiricha Zvisinei dzimwe nguva anosuwa mutakuri ndege mhepo yaunodya kuti kunoitika apo kuronga mazano vamwe modes.

Mhepo kuyerera anova zvakare gogonera mu tembiricha, sezvo pachena kuti gasi dzakakwirira tembiricha, nokuda izvo mhepo kupinda injini, izvozvo dzinoshandurwa. Kuvakwa injini pakaitika, kureva munhu fura aibuda munyika. Kuti tizive izvi, ndichiona huru combustion mukamuri kubva mumhepo aibuda iri pasi longitudinal vibrations, vakapfuura munzira injini, uye ipapo vakachengeta nomurazvo ejection kuti zvinhu izvi. Saka pane mhute kutevera kubva chitundumuseremusere.

Features contrail mune miedzo

Kazhinji anotangazve chombo miedzo kunze ari Implementation mafungiro. Kusara ndiyo midziyo pamusoro-puranga, iro rinoshandiswa pakunyora uye kuchengeta ruzivo zvinangwa. Ndege mifananidzo kazhinji pauri pamwe mutakuri, kuti filming muitiro rinoitwa, iyo inoita kuti kugadzirisa chero Chiitiko panguva kamera. "MABHUKU" Kazhinji ungawana munhu mhute kutevera kubva chitundumuseremusere.

Kazhinji chitundumuseremusere kanda kuitwa panguva hwakanyatsorwisa yakaderera nokukurumidza kuitira kuti andobata nani yose muitiro. Chinowanzoonekwa kuumbwa injini pakaitika, sezvo inopisa gasi jets kupinda chitundumuseremusere injini kuti disables Inlet kwayo. Pakarepo akacherechedza nomurazvo anobuda, izvo kwese mu zvinoitirwawo isina kugadzikana. Saka akaratidza contrail FSX.

Nokuda chiitiko ichi, injini rinomira. zvinhu izvi pashure tsvakurudzo akabatsira kuumba nhamba dzakasiyana gadziriro, ane basa iri nenguva chirwere pakati sefungu, ari matanho akatorwa kuhupedza, uyewo shanduro injini kuti optimum kuita nguva dzose kwerunyararo ayo optimum mamiriro. Zvombo iyi nyaya kunosvika kukura kwebasa chikumbiro, sezvamakaropafadzwa mumwe injini kushanda muoti Data ndege kukwanisa kuratidza akatsiga zvikuru mamiriro.

A fireball mudenga

Vaiva akaedzwa ndege «third-29" riri refueling. Apo mumwe voli ari mafuta ejection mvura wakaiswa mumhepo, iyo pashure depressurization yacho mafuta rukoronga. Achibatsirwa mifananidzo ndege akanga dzakaonekwa ezvinhu kujairika. Muchiitiko ichi mumwe chikamu mafuta yarova injini, iyo kushanda pakarepo akauya kuna kumisa yake yakafanira kudirana.

Uyezve rimi ejection kuti nguva dzose apo injini sefungu chakaitika kuvesa pakati chinotsva, izvo vakayambuka mhepo ndima. Zvadaro, murazvo chinotsva uye kudiwa zvose vasara kunze yomukati mamiriro, asi akatosvika pakarepo kuparadzwa motokari wokufema. Nokuda kwaizvozvi mamiriro ezvinhu, kunoratidzwa kujairika chakajairika, iyo inonzi fireball. Izvi muhwezva mhute "MABHUKU" anokwanisawo kutaura.

Bright zvisaririra afterburner

Modern Ndege ndege vane injini riri vakapakata chinjika mokugezera dzinoiswa sezvo supersonic. Kana kwakabatana zvinowedzera nokushanda kwadzinoita, kwokudzvinyirira panguva kamwene mbudo iri zvikuru kupfuura mufananidzo panguva yakapoteredza mhepo makore. Kana isu nyatsoongorora nzvimbo ari rebei kubva kamwene, nhamo iri zvishoma nezvishoma equalized. Izvi zvinoumba ndege apo gasi sangano kunotungamirira rakawedzera kugadzirwa inotungamirira kuti zvinoberekwa inopenya contrail nendege kuonekwa kana uchifamba ndege.