Misiyano Major muna Arctic uye Antarctic: Description uye unhu

Kuti zviri nani yokufungisisa musiyano kweArctic uye Antarctica, zvakakodzera zvakare kuongorora nzvimbo izvi redu. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane yayo nemamwe zvinhu.

Arctic

Kana chero pfungwa Panyika kutevera tsono chinongedzo, ipapo pakupedzisira ukaona panguva North Pole. Pano zuva kwemwedzi mitanhatu zvinopfuura pajengachenga, uye ipapo chete nhamba haina kuvanzika. Ichi chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinoumba kuchamhembe chikamu nyika. The zita "Arctic" akabva rechiGiriki, iro kare rakanga akasarudzwa renyeredzi Ursa Major. Vasingatyi navigators uye vatsvakurudzi vakakwezvwa risingazivikanwi nyika akafukidzwa kupenya chando chivharo uye gungwa zvinoshamisa fauna of. Kushanda nesimba rimwe rinopfuura revanhu nesimba uye kuratidza dzakadururwa zvechokwadi kuda, vatsvakurudzi vakatamira pedyo North Pole. Open nzvimbo, mahombekombe uye gungwa mepu.

Kusiyana kweArctic uye Antarctica pachena mwero remoteness kubva kumuganhu weRussia. Northern uye pasi mvura yakapfuma zvicherwa, Mahydrocarbon, nonferrous simbi, nedhaimani, uye vamwe. Zvisinei, pave deposits pakati iyo yakaoma nokuti akaoma okunze. Small vanhu North kwemazana emakore akawanda dzakashandisa yomunharaunda kwezvakatipoteredza. Vanorarama, achiita tsika hove - kuvhima, hove uye nondo maberekero.

Arctic Weather

Man wakada vachiongorora mamiriro okunze munharaunda. Kusiyana pakati kweArctic uye Antarctica anenge zvisingaoneki panyaya iyi. ekunze zvakawanika zvinokosha, nokuti wakadenha ratinoona pezvakaitwa dzinoshanda yose yemapuraneti latitudes izvi.

Arctic Climate kunonyanyisa: kunyange inodziya mwedzi, mhepo iri neshungu kusvika razero tembiricha. The chando pabutiro haasiyi zvinenge kumbobvira. Vakanyorwa pane kuramba mhepo dzakakwirira. Basa iri Northern Sea Route inopiwa aivapo polar pazviteshi, akagovera zvakaenzana pamwe mumhenderekedzo uye zvitsuwa.

Miganhu kweArctic

Kuwana mhinduro yomubvunzo musiyano pakati kweArctic kubva Antarctic, akatungamirira masayendisiti kuongorora navo nokungwarira. Wokutanga izvi kunosanganisira zvakanyanyisa polar kumatunhu Eurasia uye North America, uyewo kweArctic Ocean pamwe zvitsuwa zvizhinji. Kunze uku nzvimbo chete nyika mugungwa pedyo dzekuma Scandinavia.

Muganhu worutivi kweArctic nharaunda unoenderana kuti yacho achinaya mvura wongoramba. mamiriyoni 27 km ² - pamusoro kukura kwayo, izvo kanoverengeka kupfuura European ndima. Kana pamuganhu kweArctic kupedza pamusoro kweArctic Circle (dzimwe nguva masayendisiti kuita), ipapo nzvimbo achava mamiriyoni 6 km ² zvishoma.

Nature kweArctic

The chepamusorosoro yepamusoro kweArctic, Va McKinley, riri North America kondinendi, kukwirira kwayo inopfuura 6 km. Mazizaya iyi dzinongoitika munzvimbo dzinowanikwa kwete chete pamusoro pezvikomo, asi pamusoro pemvura yamakungwa. micheto avo nezvikonzero zvakasiyana ichapamuka kure, zvichiumba clumps makuru - icebergs. Ivo vanotanga kurutivi neequator, nemhepo uye dzenzvimbo.

Vanoyemurwa nechando nengetani Arctic zvitsuwa: vane chimiro dzose domes, dzakatenuka vari mawere. Chikamu chacho, vakasununguka kubva chando, zvinotora polar renje - zvisingaperi boulders uye marara. The bhendi mhenderekedzo kweArctic Ocean inogarwa achinaya mvura. Munzvimbo iyi, yakawanda anezvimiti, sezvo permafrost thaws chete zvishoma panguva yezhizha.

Kune madziva akawanda, remasangano izvo iri pamusoro Taimyr Peninsula uye Kola.

Nemiti uye fauna of kweArctic

Zvinomera ibwe placers murombo. Hwaro lichens. Apo neapo unogona kusangana uye maruva zvinomera: buttercups, polar poppies uye uswa kuropatochyu. Pakati the willow miti varipo vari Birch uye zvipfupi siyana. kukwirira kwavo hakurevi kusapfuudza pakuona shoma.

Taimyr uye Kola Peninsula muzhizha vagere mapoka duck uye shiri. Mhuka kweArctic okunze akasiyana neevamwe, nekuti pane vakawanda nemamwe marudzi. Walruses, polar mabheya, narwhal, zvisimbiso, etc. wakakomberedzwa muaizi Arctic Ocean.

Tundra inogarwa polar namapere, makava uye neArctic lemming. Mawere mawere vaiva pachitsuwa akasarudzwa hofori shiri misha, vaisvika mazana ezviuru. Mumwe mhando anopindura chaiwo nzvimbo pakati zororo. MuRussia, mhuka kweArctic runochengetedzwa mutemo.

Antarctica

Kusiyana pakati kweArctic uye Antarctica nokuti kuti ekupedzisira chiri panzvimbo South Pole the Earth, apo pakutanga - iri North. Kuwedzera kondinendi eponymous, chinosanganisira zvikamu mumakungwa matatu yakapoteredza zviwi: yacho Indian, Atlantic uye Pacific. Area yakaoma vanenge mamiriyoni 14 makiromita ^2, apo Antarctica kusvika 4 nguva mukuru wayo. Hapana chero nenzvimbo zororo zvinhu: .. Nzizi, makomo, etc. The kondinendi yose akafukidzwa chando goko Ukobvu 4300 M wakazvigadzira ichi pachioma inenge 90% yemvura yose itsva panyika. Under stratum ichi pane neeSultan gomo uye anoputika.

Journey kuburikidza kweArctic uye Antarctica kunoda chete michina uye kurovedzwa, sezvo vose matanda akafukidzwa chando. On kumaodzanyemba kondinendi vari munzvimbo isina rechando, pane madhamu.

Nemiti uye Fauna of Antarctica

At pakatarisana matanda Pasi ndivo kweArctic uye Antarctic, pane misiyano pakati pavo uye mhando Zvinoumba zvipenyu. Kusiyana kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka iri murombo chaizvo. Conditions vane hasha pano. On nzvimbo munyika pasina rechando inogona kuwanikwa chete lichens uye mosses, mabhakitiriya uye nemaziso algae.

Mune dzimwe nzvimbo mhenderekedzo inogarwa PENGUIN - zvinoshamisa shiri kumicheto utsinye. Havana kukwanisa kubhururuka, uye murege chivimbo chaizvo, asi dzinoshambira rakaisvonaka.

The yakapoteredza Ocean inogarwa kondinendi, mamwe marudzi mhuka uye hove. Antarctica isina pamiganhu yenyika uye asina zvachose kwevanhu. Kare, zvakanga chikamu mukondinendi chete - Gondwana. From Antarctica dzakapanduka pamusoro nguva, uye rakanga rakapoteredzwa chando yomugungwa ano kuti iripo nhasi. Zvinokanganisawo yose ukobvu ari Oceanic zhinji, zvomutadzisa kupinda kumaodzanyemba kondinendi anofadza Equatorial zhinji.

kuyerera Izvi hazvirevi isununguke gobvu pazuva kondinendi, iyo inoita Pasi yakawanda chafariz simba. Nokuda Fani iyi redu pane zvakasiyana okunze munyika dzine, izvo zvakasimbisa pavapenyu kwose kusiyana zvoutachiona.

Chii chakasiyana Antarctic, Antarctica uye peArctic? Wokutanga izwi rinoreva kondinendi iri panguva South Pole. Wechipiri - zvakawanda kwazvo uye zvinosanganisira, kuwedzera yakaoma, uye kunyange mvura pedyo kuti mumakungwa matatu. Pfungwa wechitatu - munyika pegungwa nharaunda yakapoteredza North Pole the Earth. Pasinei maererano, vatatu mazwi aya anoreva munzvimbo dzakasiyana yedu nyika.

Arctic uye Antarctica: kusiyana uye zvakafanana

Between nharaunda idzi pane zvimwe zvakafanana:

• Akafuka gobvu paiva chando.
• Inenge chete tembiricha ezvinhu.
• Kune zvakafanana siyana zvipenyu.
• Mosses uye lichens kukura.

Kusiyana pakati kweArctic uye Antarctica, zvinogona kutaurwa zvinotevera zvichemo:

• Arctic - World Ocean nharaunda, uye Antarctica - mukondinendi.
• nzvimbo yokutanga iri kusvika 2 nguva kupfuura chechipiri.
• Arctic kasvisto dzakapfuma uye chairwo fauna of (zhinji endemic mhando) pane Antarctic.