Mutemo Hammurabi vake, kana wokutanga kunobva mutemo wakanyorwa

Mukuru kunobva mutemo ichaongororwa kuva mutemo Hammurabi, kana kutoti yakatarwa wavo, izvo yacho. upenyu yekare Bhabhironi muvanhu. Takaona izvozvo panguva imwe matongo nzendo munharaunda Mesopotamia, pakati kunozivikanwa rwaTigrisi uye rwizi rwaYufratesi. French vanochera matongo zvakashanda muShushani, rimwe remaguta ekare, riri muIraq yemazuva ano. zvakawanikwa vaiva chaizvo: midziyo zvokunyama tsika, vakawanda nevhu mahwendefa magwaro ecuneiform inoshamisa, midziyo. Pakati pavo paiva rinokosha pasi - black basalt mbiru kukwirira 2.25 mamita. Rezasi chikamu yakanga yakafukidzirwa vatambi ecuneiform. Yapamusoro yakashongedzwa mufananidzo mwari Shamash zuva. Akapa vamwe mupumburu murume dzeumambo.

The kuwana yaitakurwa kuna Paris, France, muna National Museum of Louvre. Vaongorori pakarepo akapinda raptures, decipher risingazivikanwi zvinyorwa. Raiva basa zvinoshamisa makanaka uye panguva imwe chete chiyeuchidzo mutemo yekare, chakazonzi "mitemo kuBhabhironi mambo Hammurabi."

gweta iri sei? Kuti tipindure mubvunzo uyu, tinofanira kutarisa enyika map mudunhu. In yokutanga yezana XVIII remakore. BC Mesopotamia pachake anoverengeka maguta, izvo kazhinji kukwikwidzana mumwe. Hammurabi Zimbabwe izvi mugomba chete Unit, kumisa mukurwisana uye akasarudza Bhabhironi guta guru rayo. Kuti centralize simba raro, zvinotoda pachake yakatarwa kwayo mitemo uye dzemunharaunda. Ndiyo nyaya Hammurabi, uye chii pfungwa dzavo?

Gweta, uyo akanga mumaoko mambo Shamash, rinoumbwa sumo, midziyo (nhamba izvo akaenzana 282) uye mhedziso. Kukanganisa wavo aifungidzirwa mhosva mwari, saka airangwa kwazvo. Hammurabi weBhabhironi akanga kupa rugare, kururamisira uye kubudirira. Article rakanyorwa casuistic chimiro, kuti, havasi kutsanangura vakawanda mitemo uye yakananga zviitiko zvoupenyu.

Hammurabi vaizviti weboka vanhu kupinda zvizere uye dzisakarurama. Nokuti zvakafanana mhosva ivo vakateerera zvakasiyana. Hurumende yakashandisa muranda wechibharo, uye wose kubatsirwa munhu aiva pasi kuda tenzi wake. Zvisinei, muranda ave wake purazi, mhuri uye kunyange kupinda vehurumende kwema. Hammurabi akwanise paumbwe chaiyo, asi naiyewo mitemo vehurumende uye ukama hwemhuri, nhodzera.

Zvakanga kunakidza uye mutadzi wokuti yeBhabhironi State. Hammurabi aida kutsakatisa zvakaipa, akarwa vemhosva, umwari uye akaipa. mitemo yake akadana wokutsiva, kurohwa, rakanga akaenzana kukuvadza. Of nheyo "ziso neziso, zino nezino", iro zvino muBhaibheri yakaitika pano. Mukuwedzera, vakashandisa kutyisidzira, kwegadziriro fines uye voruzhinji kutongwa somunhu kakasaririra ari worudzi ezvinhu, vakatorwa nezvarwo nemamiriro ezvinhu anoparira.

Kunyange zvazvo gweta Hammurabi akashandisa chaizvo pfupi nguva, simba rake pamusoro pokumuka yokupira tsika munyika kunokosha.