Nguva mumuzinda the: tafura. Results of yaitonga romuzinda the

Anokosha uye dzinonakidza Danho munhoroondo Russia paiva nguva kubva 1725 kusvika 1762. Panguva ino chave madzimambo nhanhatu, imwe neimwe yakanga mamwe masimba enyika. Võ Klyuchevskii nomazvo zita - paraiitwa romuzinda the. The tafura munyaya ino ichatibatsira kunzwisisa zvirinani nzira zviitiko. Shanduko simba, sezvinoita mutemo, vakayambuka chivande, kusavimbika uye umhondi.

Zvakangotanga vakatanga zvaisafungidzirwa rufu Peter I. Iye akasiya "Charter yokugara" (1722) iyo nesimba vaigona Usamira vazhinji.

Mugumo ichi ichikosha rakabvongodzwa vaiona kuuya nesimba Catherine II. Kutonga kwake, kare zhinji funga nguva vakambovhenekerwa absolutism.

MARARAMIRO wamambo the

The chikuru chikonzero yose yapfuura zviitiko zvaiva kuzvipokanidza pakati muzvizhinji vanokudzwa mapoka panyaya yakatevedzana. Vakanga vaine chete pakuti tinofanira kuita pfupi akamisa ari kuchinja. kuregawo kwakadaro mumwe nomumwe wavo wakange aona nenzira yake. Uyezve, mapoka ose zvakaenzana anoda nevanokudzwa chaizvo simba. Saka yaitonga romuzinda nokumukirana, tafura riri pasi apa, aihuitira chete kushandura pamusoro.

Takatodzidza ataurwa chisarudzo Peter I pachinhu kutsivana. Iye akadambura chinyakare mashandiro nayo simba kubva kuna mambo kusvika mukuru vamiririri hono mutsetse.

Peter Ndaisada kuona pachavo pachigaro pashure mwanakomana wake nokuti iye aiva anokumhan'arira anochinja. Saka akasarudza kuti mambo oga anogona kudana wacho. Zvisinei, akafa, tichisiya bepa rokuti "Ipai zvinhu zvose ...".

Vazhinji vakanga vatorwa kubva zvematongerwo enyika, vakuru kugona kugoverana chigaro - State yakatsvairwa kurwira simba. Saka vakatanga paraiitwa romuzinda nokumukirana. Machati, namatafura kubvumira nani njanji ropa ukama venhema vose chigaro.

Kubvuta masimba 1725 (Catherine A.)

Panguva ino vakaumba mapoka maviri anorwisana. Wokutanga chaiva A. Osterman uye Menshikov. Vakatsvaka uchatamisa simba chirikadzi Peter I kuna Catherine Alekseevna.

Boka rechipiri, chaisanganisira Duke pamusoro Holstein, aida kuvaka pachigaro choushe pakati Peter II (mwanakomana Alexis uye muzukuru Peter I).

Clear predominance aiva Menshikov, uyo akakwanisa kuita Guard rutsigiro uye achagara pachigaro choushe Catherine I. Zvisinei, hazvina aikwanisa hwokuti mamiriro, saka Grand achizivawo Council akasikwa muna 1726. Akava muviri soro hurumende.

mutongi chaiwoiwo waiva Menshikov. Dzaakanga akunda Council uye vakanakidzwa mapfumo chivimbo pamusoro Empress. Aivawo mumwe vaitungamirira manhamba, kana vabati yaitonga romuzinda nokumukirana zvakachinja (Table anotsanangura zvose).

The accession Petro II muna 1727

Catherine I ushe kwakatora makore pfuurei maviri. Paakafa, mubvunzo yokugara kamwe zvakare yakaturikwa pamusoro mamiriro.

Panguva ino, "Holstein boka" inotungamirwa Anna Petrovna. It rakatanga vakarangana pamusoro Menshikov uye A. Ostermann, uko kwakaguma remuSamoa. Emperor zvakazivikanwa vaduku Peter. chipangamazano wake uye mudzidzisi vakava A. Osterman. Zvisinei, akatadza kupa aida kuchinja namambo, kunyange zvazvo zvichiri zvakakwana kugadzirira uye vaite pakaparadzwa Alexander Menshikov muna 1727.

The yokutonga Anny Ioannovny 1730

Peter II akaramba pachigaro kwemakore matatu, uye akafa. Zvakare, mubvunzo mukuru anova: "Ndiani achatora chigaro?". Saka akaramba Nguva romuzinda nokumukirana. The tafura pazasi inoratidza chii chiri kuitika.

Panguva chiitiko munhandare ngapaonekwe Dolgoruky, vari kuedza kutonga Ekateriny Dolgorukoy. Aiva Mwenga Peter II.

The kuedza kwakakundikana, uye kurwa kwake nominated Golitsyn. Yakanga Anna Ivanovna. Iye korona yakanga chete pashure kusaina pamusoro kutonhodza nokuda Supreme achizivawo Council, iyo haana kurasa asi simba rayo.

Condition rinongotaura simba namambo. Nokukurumidza Empress anovamedurira yava akasaina magwaro uye akadzorera autocracy. The mubvunzo yokugara iri akasarudza pachine. Vasingakwanisi kuwana vana vavo, iye vakazivisa ramangwana mugari wenhaka kuti mwana wake muzukuru. Achaziva sei kuti Peter III.

Zvisinei, nokuda 1740 panguva Elizabeth uye mumiririri genus Welf akaberekwa mwanakomana John uyo akazova mambo pakarepo pashure pokufa Anny Ioannovny mumwedzi miviri. regent ake Biron kuzivikanwa.

1740 kubvuta masimba uye Munnich

Kutonga Regent kwakaita yevhiki mbiri. The kubvuta masimba rakarongwa nenzira Field Marshal Munnich. Iye chakatsigirwa nevarindi, vakasunga Biron uye akagadza regent Amai mwana.

Mukadzi haana kugona kumhanya hurumende, uye zvose zviri mumaoko avo vakatora Munnich. Ake pashure chakatsiva A. Osterman. Akatumawo munda yokukunda vava pamudyandigere. Period yamambo nokumukirana (Table pasi apa) Chine vatongi izvi.

The accession pamusoro Elizabeth kusvika 1741

November 25, 1741 kwakaitika imwe kubvuta masimba. Iye akapfuura nokukurumidza uye pasina ropa, simba raiva mumaoko Elizabeth, mwanasikana Peter I. Iye dzinochengeterwa varindi pfupi kutaura uye akataura pachayo iri Empress. Akabatsira naye Count ichi Vorontsov.

Juvenile Aimbova Emperor uye mai vake mujeri munhare. Munnich, Ostermann, Levenvolde vakatongerwa rufu, asi kwakatsiviwa ne kubatana kuSiberia.

Anotonga Elizaveta Petrovna kwemakore anopfuura 20.

The kuuya nesimba Peter III

Elizaveta Petrovna akabudirira baba vake vakaona hama. Saka iye akauya kubva Holstein muzukuru. Akapiwa zita Peter III, iye vatendeukira Orthodoxy. The Empress haana kufara yezvakaita mugari wenhaka ramangwana. Mukuedza kugadzirisa zvinhu, zviri kuisa vadzidzisi kwaari, asi hazvina kubatsira.

Nokuti kuberekana Elizaveta Petrovna akaroora naye kuti German Princess Sophia, ichazovapo Catherine Guru. Vaiva nevana vaviri - mwanakomana Paul uye Anna mwanasikana.

Asati afa, Elizabeth vachaitwa zano rokugadza akatsiva Paul. Zvisinei, haana kuda kuita saizvozvo. Paakafa, chigaro ndokupfuura muzukuru wake. Mutemo yake yaisafarirwa chaizvo zvose pakati pavanhu uye pakati kwamachinda. Panyaya iyi, pakafa Elizabeth akanga asina kukurumidza kuti korona. Ichi chaiva chikonzero kubvuta masimba pamusoro chikamu wake, Catherine, iro akaturika mungozi-refu kurambana (Kazhinji akataura mambo). It pamutemo kupera paraiitwa romuzinda chimurenga (tafura zvinowedzera ruzivo pamusoro chevana remadunhu- Empress).

June 28, 1762. Catherine II Board

Kuva mudzimai Peter Fedorovich, Catherine akatanga kudzidza mutauro wokuRussia uye tsika. Akakurumidza nezvairehwa mashoko matsva. It zvakamubatsira kupukunyuka pashure maviri pamuviri vakundikana uye kuti akanga akamirirwa kwenguva refu mwanakomana Paul akamutora pakarepo pashure pokuberekwa. Iye akamuona chete pashure pemazuva 40. It Akarerwa Elisabeth. Iye kuzova Empress. mukana kwakadaro akanga, sezvo Peter Fedorovich akatadza kugadzwa. Elizabeth akatora mukana vatsigire varindi uye akapidigura murume wake. Ungangove, Akaurayiwa, asi mukuru shanduro yainzi rufu kubudikidza colic.

Kutonga kwake kwemakore 34. Akaramba kuva regent mwanakomana wake uye akamupa chigaro chete pashure pokufa kwake. Kutonga kwake ndowenyika nguva vakambovhenekerwa absolutism. More muchidimbu zvose vakaisawo tafura "mumuzinda kubvuta masimba."

akapfupikisa mashoko

Catherine achiuya simba anouya kuguma paraiitwa romuzinda kubvuta masimba. Tafura haatori madzimambo, achitonga shure, kunyange zvazvo Pauro akasiya chigaro somugumisiro rangano.

Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani zviri kuitika kumativi, funga zviitiko uye vanhu vari chokuita navo, kuburikidza nokupfupikisa ruzivo panyaya "Nguva mumuzinda nokumukirana" (zvishoma).

Table romuzinda nokumukirana zvakajeka anorondedzera zvikuru zviitiko nguva.

Results of yaitonga romuzinda the

Palace nokumukirana vakanga shoma chete kurwira simba. Vakanga vasina kutakura kuchinja mune zvematongerwo enyika uye magariro mabhora. Kwamachinda yakakamurwa pachavo kodzero yokutonga, somugumisiro makore 37 zvave vatongi matanhatu.

Socio-upfumi Kudzikamiswa raiwanzobatana Catherine Elizabeth I uye II. Vakakwanisa kuzadzisa akabudirira vatorwa wokuti hurumende.