Nhoroondo hwaro nyaya "Taras Bulba". Actual munhau kuti zvinokonzera nyaya

The chikuru chinoratidza basa muri kare dingindira - ndechokuti munyori organically rinobatanidza mairi nyaya yezvakaitika chaizvoizvo, mumwe anodzidza zano uye yokunyepera munyori. Hakunyanyi kujairika pachinhu ichi, nyaya Nikolai Gogol "Taras Bulba": munhau kwakanyorwa kusingajekeswi, uyezve, kana kuverenga dzimwe nguva zvakaoma kuziva panguva zvakaita chiito kunoitika - muna 15, 16 kana 17 remakore. Uyezve, hapana kutaurwa haisi akamborarama, kusanganisira pacharo Taras. Pasinei neizvi, sezvo veMubatanidzwa chigadzirwa riri akataura paakaita ngano, dzimwe nguva anonzi yokufungidzira. Chii simba uye kutambudzwa "Taras Bulba"?

History Zvisikwa nyaya

Message kubva munyori kusvika Cossacks nyaya haana netsaona. A chizvarwa Poltava dunhu, kubva pauduku akanga anzwa umhare chakaitwa vanhu panguva hondo pamwe vakawanda vokune dzimwe nyika nechisimba. Gare gare, apo Gogol kare akatanga kunyora kunyatsondifarira iye akamutsa musha vakashinga uye vakavimbika vakadaro vanhu vakaita Taras Bulba. The sich dzaiva zhinji. Kazhinji Cossacks vakava vaimbova serfs - ivo vakawana musha pano uye mamwe masoja.

NV Gogol vakadzidza mabhuku akawanda nezvenyaya iyi, kusanganisira zvinyorwa Ukrainian yaMakoronike, nhoroondo tsvakurudzo uye Boplana Myshetsky. Hatigutsikani iverengwe (yake pfungwa dzaiva zvishoma mashoko, wakange asina kukwana kunzwisisa mweya vanhu), Gogol akatendeukira ngano. nziyo Historical uye ballads, yakatsaurirwa kuna magamba enyika, akaudza pamusoro zvinhu vacho, tsika uye nzira woupenyu Cossacks. Vakapa guru munyori "kurarama" zvinhu, iyo yava Kuwedzera kukuru panonyuka nesayenzi, uye vamwe storylines mu kupatsanurwa muchimiro yaisanganisira munyaya.

Nhoroondo hwaro nyaya

"Taras Bulba" - bhuku pamusoro vakasununguka vanhu vaigara 16-17th emakore, nharaunda munharaunda Dnieper. Yakanga muzinda Zaporizhzhya sich - zita raro rinobva pakuti kwakasimbisa kumativi ose nokuda rusvingo miti vafa - makwapa. Mairi paiva mararamiro uye utungamiriri. Pasi kakawanda aizotambudzazve ari Poles, vokuTurkey, Lithuanians Cossacks akanga akasimba chaizvo, vakanyatsodzidziswa mauto. Vazhinji nguva avakapedza muhondo uye rutsigiro rwemauto uye mikombe akava chikuru nzira subsistence. Hapana tsaona Rondedzero Taras Bulba uye Svetlitsa mumba paaigara oga wake, zvinosanganisira zvakawanda zviratidzo musasa upenyu wehondo.

1596 akaratidza dzinouraya nokuda Ukrainian vanhu, uyo panguva iyoyo yaitongwa Lithuanians uye Poles. Rzeczpospolita akatora mubatanidzwa vabatane pasi pesimba maviri Zvitendero Papa yechiKristu: Orthodox uye Catholic. Chisarudzo zvakatonyanya kuoma zvakaoma hukama pakati Poles uye Cossacks, akanga akatungamirira kuvhura rechiuto kukakavadzana. Nguva iyi uye Gogol akapedza nyaya yake.

Mufananidzo Zaporozhye Sech

The chikoro chepuraimari kuti dzidzo vachingoshingirira, varwi vakashinga akava nzira inokosha youpenyu uye kutarisirwa, uye vadzidzisi - ruzivo Cossacks, kwete kuratidza pounyanzvi hwavo pakurwa. Mumwe wavo aiva Colonel Taras Bulba. Biography ake - nyaya paumbwe imwe Patriot wechokwadi, uyo pamusoro zvose, ndizvo zvido uye rusununguko yamadzibaba.

Zaporizhzhya sich yakafanana zvikuru zvokuvhoterwa kwakavakirwa nenheyo Humanism uye akaenzana. Mishka akasarudzwa yakakurumbira sarudzo, kazhinji pakati kupfuura vakafanira. Muhondo, asi Cossacks aifanira mirawo kumuteerera, asi munguva yorugare zviri mabasa ake raisanganisira kufudza Cossacks.

The sich zvose akaronga upenyu uye rutsigiro rwemauto kwevagari vayo, vakashanda zvemarudzi ose okudhindira uye kunoita, akamutsa mombe. Zvose izvi vachaona Kuda uye Andriy, pavanokuendesai pano Taras Bulba.

Story pfupi Kuvapo Zimbabwe Zaporozhye akaratidza nzira itsva kuronga upenyu hwevanhu kwakavakirwa hama, kubatana uye rusununguko, pane kokumanikidzwa simba.

chikoro Home nokuti Cossack - kurwisa hama

About kuti, sei paumbwe majaya vanogona ichizotongwa muenzaniso wevanakomana Taras, Kuda uye Andriy. Vakaita kudzidza kudzidziswa chechitendero, pashure nzira yavo akarara muna Zaporozhye. Baba anosangana vanakomana pashure yakareba kuparadzana haisi anovagumbatira, uye edzai simba ravo nezvibhakera uye unyanzvi.

Life Taras Bulba akanga vane mwero, sezvinoratidzwa mutambo rukudzo wevanakomana ( "zvuva ... zvose makwai, mbudzi ... ehe burner yakawanda" - nemashoko aya Cossack akwegura anotendeukira wake), uye hope pachena, pasi pabani denga.

Kunyange zuva asina aipedza Kuda uye Andriy kumba vaenda kare sich, apo vakamirira kuwadzana zvakanakisisa zvenyika uye rinobwinya mabasa nokuda nyika yavo uye chitendero. baba vavo aiva nechokwadi chokuti chikoro chaicho kwavari kunogona chete mukupara vachirwa hondo.

Zaporozhtsy

Achisvika sich, Taras navanakomana vake vakaona picturesque avete pakati pomugwagwa mumwe Cossack. Akatambanudza seshumba, uye akanga kwose kuyemurwa. Wide sezvo gungwa, netirauzi, vanodada akatakurwa pamusoro forelock (zvirokwazvo kusiyiwa ake musoro wakaveurwa), bhiza rakanaka - ndokutarisa Cossack saka zvechokwadi. Hapana tsaona huru gamba nyaya anoreva vanakomana vachidanidzira pakarepo kuchinja "madhimoni" nguo dzavo (nayo vakabva vasvika) kune imwe Cossack akakodzera. Uye uri chete kushandurwa MuMorocco majombo, rakafara netirauzi, bhurauzi nezvitsvuku nedehwe remakwai neheti. Image kuzadzikiswa Turkish pfuti uye unopinza Saber. Anoyemura norudado akaita akagara pachigaro chinobwinya makono stalwarts kubva baba vake.

Nhoroondo hwaro nyaya "Taras Bulba" aisungirwa munyori kurapa Cossacks tisingasaruri. With zvose airemekedza kwavari dzavo noumhare, Gogol uye kutaura zvechokwadi kuti dzimwe nguva maitiro avo akamutsa mhosva uye kushaya njere. Izvi aireva upenyu akadhakwa uye ndararama vakaenda vari pakati kurwa, kunyanya utsinye (nokuti mhosva nokuuraya vakavigwa muguva pamwe wacho mupenyu) uye kwetsika pamwero pasi.

The Simba Kudyidzana

The chikuru mukana Cossacks ndechokuti panjodzi vanogona vanounganidzwa nokukurumidza uye chiito seboka rakabatana hondo kuzorwa muvengi. kuzvitsaurira kwavo, partiotizm, ushingi uye kuzvipira vanhuwo chikonzero haana miganhu. Munyaya kupfuura kamwe akaratidza Taras Bulba. Biography vamwe varwi vakakurumbira, pakati pavo akanzwawo Tovkach, Kukubenko Paul Hubenko, Mosy neShiro muduku Kuda, sezvazvakanyorwa.

Tsime kubatana uye chikuru basa iri Cossacks vakati kutaura pamusoro avaida kuramba hondo Bulba: "Hapana chisungo mutsvene Kudyidzana" Kutaura kwake kutaura uchenjeri hukuru uye nokutenda dzvene chii iye nevamwe kudzivirira munhu chikonzero chakarurama. In chakaoma nguva mashoko Taras sedziri Cossacks akayeuchidza basa ravo dzvene kudzivirira mamwe masoja avo, nguva dzose tichirangarira kutenda Orthodox uye kuzvipira kuna kumusha. Chinonyanya kutyisa kuti Cossack yaiva kusavimbika: haritauri bhayibhayi kune munhu. Taras anouraya mwanakomana wake kudzidza kuti tinoda kuti akanaka musikana Polish akasarudza pachavo zvinodiwa nevoruzhinji. Sezvo zvisungo hama dzaiva kukosha kupfuura ropa. Chokwadi kuti chokwadi ichi zvinoenderana chokwadi, inoratidza nhoroondo hwaro nyaya.

Taras Bulba - mumiriri of Cossacks akanakisisa

Colonel ane mwoyo wakaoma hunhu, zvekare mbiri nzira. Rinokudzwa komuredhi Ataman uye kuti aigona kutsigira imwe shoko anokurudzira uye kupa zano rakanaka panguva yakaoma iyoyo. Aiva kuvenga kutsva nokuti muvengi, encroached pamusoro kutenda Orthodox, uye haana kurega upenyu hwake nokuda ruponeso Motherland nehama dzake mumaoko. Wajaira chokungopa upenyu, tigutsikane yakachena munda uye akanga zvachose vane mwero muupenyu. Saka Gogol anoratidza huru hunhu. All ake iye akapedza hondo uye nguva dzose panzvimbo tsvene ngozi upenyu. Zvombo, fodya nenyere uye bhiza zvakanaka Taras Bulba Kwairatidza chikuru upfumi hwayo. Zvisinei, aigona majee uye pobalagurit, akaguta noupenyu hwake. Mwoyo gotwe gamba guru kuzvikudza akanzwa kuti Kuda. Vachiisa upenyu hwavo mungozi, Bulba akasvika kunzvimbo vaurayiwe, kokupedzisira kumuona. Zvino Kuda akatsungirira rufu kwekurwadziwa, nguva yapera akamudana, akanga ari mupfupi, akavhunduka nharaunda yose, akaratidza kuzvikudza kwake, kurudziro uye kutsigirwa naye kwete chete mwanakomana, asi mumwe mweya, komuredhi. Kusvikira kumagumo eupenyu kuchema mwanakomana wake Taras vatsivire rufu rwake. ruzivo rwake ngaawedzere pazviri utsinye uye kuvenga muvengi, asi haana kuputsa zvaanoda uye kushinga.

Nyaya haisi dzose nokuda rondedzero gamba Taras Bulba, sezvo hazvina kukosha. The chikuru ndechokuti ane unhu chaizorarama mune utsinye nguva.

Kupamhidzira Taras ari pachimiro kuurayiwa

Characterization of gamba rinopedzisa Kurondedzerwa rufu rwake, kuti mukuru pamwero pusa. The gamba rakundwa musungwa, sezvo anokotama kunhonga rawa nenyere - kunyange aro haadi kupa kure muvengi vakatukwa. Pano Taras anoyeuka chevarwere gamba: zvitatu gumi vanhu asingatombokwanisi kuikurira.

Mumakore chiitiko munyori anorondedzera kwete kurwadziwa moto, wakange gamba, uye kuva nehanya kwake njodzi nevamwe akananga murwizi. Panguva rufu rwake, haazvibati nechiremera, apo kuramba akatendeka kuna vakuru mitemo pakudyidzana. Kupfuura zvose, iye aiva nechokwadi chokuti upenyu hahusi vaigara pasina. Kuti dzakadaro Cossack chaiye.

Zvinorehwa mabasa nhasi

Nhoroondo hwaro nyaya "Taras Bulba" - mumwe yerusununguko vanhu pamusoro vanopinda nechisimba, encroached pamusoro nyika yake uye kutenda. Nokuda yakadaro mweya yavanhu Taras Bulba, mwanakomana wake uye mamwe masoja simba, zvaigoneka kwete kudzivirira rusununguko uye rusununguko.

Zvinobikwa Nikolai Gogol uye vatambi vake kuti vakawanda vakava muenzaniso woushingi uye uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika, saka hazvina kurasikirwa kuda kwayo kushanda uye kukosha.