Operation Albion siyana muchiuto nokurwisana

Moonsund rezvitsuwa ane nzvimbo panzvimbo muGungwa reBaltic. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, kazhinji pachimiro hondo iri XX remakore. Inoitwa mikuru zvitsuwa mana, rimwe nerimwe Estonia ndohwavo nhasi - nayo Vormsi, Muhu, Saaremaa uye Hiiumaa.

Battle 1917

Panguva World War First kwakaitika Operation Albion, kwakaitika muna September - October 1917. Chimwe zvakafanana zita - "Operation Albion."

Yaiva kurwisa German rengarava uye pasi nemauto. Command anoratidza basa kuti mukudzidzire rezvitsuwa rweberere Russia. Mauto eGermany vakatanga achiwana pamusoro pachitsuwa Saaremaa , musi 12 October. Tisati kuti, zvikepe akakwanisa kudzvinyirira Russian bhatiri: vashandi akabatwa. Panguva iyoyowo, ngarava dzakawanda German vakanga damage mumigodhi kure nemhenderekedzo (yehondo "Bavaria" uye zvichingodaro. D.).

Vazhinji havana vapone Operation Albion. 1917 aiva mumwe rokupedzisira nevaya pavanotaurirana kumabvazuva mberi. Pashure pamwedzi Petrograd Bolsheviks vakauya simba, uyo gare gare akasaina Brest-Litovsk Treaty.

Mazuva maviri gare gare dzechikwata vorongerwa airwisana Tete-a-Tete. Russian Zvikepe nomuparadzi "Vokutinhira" akanga zvakakomba muhondo chete chigadzirwe Germany "Kaiser". Fire mungarava kwakatungamirira kukundikana pfuti uye kunyura muchikepe. Kunyanya dzinotyisa rirwadze Operation Albion muna Irbensky ndima apo airwisana dreadnaughts uye sevatsvaki vemapuranga.

October 16 Zvikepe German vaibvisa Gulf of Riga. Vaisanganisira battleships anoverengeka uye sevatsvaki vemapuranga Reich. Kuitira kudzivirira ngarava kubva mumigodhi, ari dzechikwata vaivawo minesweepers. Imwe ngozi vazhe German aiva moto akazarurwa Russian atirari. Kubva Kurwisa vanodzivirirwa utsi sefa kumativi trawlers.

Pazvakava pachena kuti Russian rengarava havazokwanisi kuchengeta rezvitsuwa, akanga arayirwa kutumira zvikepe kupukunyuka kuchamhembe. Uyewo, vanhu vokuGermany akakunda Moon Island (October 18) uye Hiiumaa (20 October). Saka kupera Operation Albion muna 1917 panguva World War First.

Battle 1941

Munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri Moonsund rezvitsuwa kwave kushandiswa maviri zvechiuto. Muna 1941, mauto eNazi akauya pano. Tsamwisa mashandiro ainzi kumuzinda Reich "Beowulf." Rakanga rakatevera (wechipiri) Operation Albion.

September 8 mauto akanga asvika pachitsuwa Vormsi, waiva mumaoko German pashure pemazuva matatu rinorema kurwa. Papera vhiki, huru pakashandwa vakaomerera pazuva Fly, boka ravarwi iyo anyanya vhiki.

Akatevera kuwa Saaremaa. Pano, hondo yava yevhiki mbiri. murayiro Soviet akakwanisa kununura vakasara pahondo pachitsuwa Hiiumaa. Zvisinei, chidimbu ichi nyika yakanga nokukurumidza pasi kudzorwa Reich.

mugumisiro

Mauto eSoviet aiedza nepose kugara rezvitsuwa, uye kunonoka kurwiswa Leningrad. Tingati chinangwa ichi rapedzwa. Full annexation kwakaitika chete musi October 22, pashure angasvika maviri mwedzi kurwa. Uye akanga achishingaira nezvikepe, izvo vakabata muvengi muGulf of Riga. Vaitsigira of Zviwi mudzoke yomunharaunda tarakita, zvichiita vavo kugadzirwa analogues Matangi (pfuti zvakabatanidzwa). Kana apedza Operation Albion, vashandi vapenyu vakanga pakupedzisira akatizira Hanko kweItari.

Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika landings muna 1944

In historiography anozivikanwa uye wechitatu Operation Albion. 1944 aizivikanwa ndechokuti mauto eGermany ichidzokera chirwirangwe kubva dzatorwa. Pachitsuwa ari Leningrad Front vakatumirwa kubva murwiyo izvo rave zvikuru akaumba 8th kwepfuti Corps.

The oparesheni akatanga nepfungwa yokuti musi September 27 panguva mhenderekedzo Vormsi aiva kumhara. Next, uchiteverwa dzimwe nzvimbo yezvitsuwa. Zvapedzisira zvakava Saaremaa: yaiva yakakura uye chinokosha munzvimbo. Late manheru musi October 8 akatanga kurwa kukuru Tehumardi. Against mauto eSoviet chaiitirwa yakawanda. Uyezve, mamiriro ezvinhu uto kuoma chinetso nzvimbo zvinobudirira rinoshamisa.

Mupomerwi yave atyora Papera chete mwedzi mumwe musi November 23 apo hondo akabatanidzwa avhiyesheni. The yapfuura kuedza rotsva. Zvakaipa zvikuru yakanga tasvika Vyntra, dzikavauraya vanenge 500 vanhu. Imwe nzira kana mumwe, asi pashure yokupedzisira Kuregwa vokuGermany akarasikirwa 7000 akafa. Vachiri anenge zana Zvikepe yakanyura kana kukuvaradzwa.