Per farm: Biography, mapikicha, zvakawanikwa munyika masvomhu

Per De Fermat - mumwe mukuru masayendisiti munhoroondo France. kubudirira kwayo inosanganisira zvisikwa mabasa akadai dzidziso fungidziro uye nhamba, ndiye muvambi theorems nomukurumbira uye akawana kwemasvomhu zvivako zvinoverengeka. Kubva muduku chaizvo vabereki vake akateerera huru dzidzo uye mwanakomana anogona kunge kwakabatsira paumbwe mukuru pfungwa. akadzikama nguva dzose uye simba, kuongorora uye zvakaoma kutsvaga uye kuwanikwa - zvose kuti Per farm. Brief Biography podcherpnut kuchabatsira muverengi kuwana zvose zvokunakidzwa ichi huru unhu Math.

tanga

Pierre akaberekerwa France. Ndiye mumwe mapiyona uye havaoni kuti dzidziso nhamba, uyewo Analytical geometry.

Kwenguva refu takati kuti Per farm akaberekwa muna 1595 muToulouse, asi nokuda pezana-namapfumbamwe remakore muguta Beaumont zvakanga zvakachengetedzwa yakawanikwa katsamba umo zvakanzi kuti muzhizha 1601, guta gurukota Dominique Fermat wake akaberekwa mwanakomana Pierre. Zvinozivikanwa kuti Dominique Farm aiva airemekedzwa chaizvo munhu muguta. Aiva mushambadzi ganda. Pierre akapedza ake uduku inotevera vabereki vake, uye kana yava nguva yokuti vawane dzidzo, akaenda muToulouse - the dzepedyo guta kumayunivhesiti. Zvakanaka kudzidza mutemo paUniversity of pabhenji akapa Pierre mukana kushanda gweta, asi jaya akasarudza kupinda basa mamiriro. Muna 1631 Pierre akagadzwa kuisa mari mubatsiri ari Parliament Toulouse. Panguva iyi Purazi kare akaroora mwanasikana navakuru, mu raakashandisa. Ake upenyu hwaiva norunyararo kwazvo uye akanyarara. Asi kumuonga, nhasi, vanhu kudzidza masvomhu vanogona kudzidza zvakawanda zvinofadza kuti kunokosha. Kunyange chikoro zvidzidzo nokushingaira kwzvo unoti "Per farm uye ake zvakawanwa."

Passion nokuti nhoroondo

In pauduku hwake, nyanzvi yemasvomhu ramangwana wakakurumbira sezvo wakanakisisa nyanzvi munhoroondo (kunyanya kare), rubatsiro kwake bhuku kupindamo Classics Greek. Akataura mabasa Sinezuga, Athenaeum, Polyunusa, Frontinus, Teona Smirnskogo, vakachinja murugwaro Sextus Empiricus. Vazhinji vanodavira kuti aigona nyore kuti chiratidzo chake somukuru nyanzvi hunoshamisa Greek.

Zvisinei, nokuti kuti akasarudza nzira yakasiyana, takaona chiedza chawo chikuru mune zvikuru kudzidza. Uye saka vanhu vakawanda vanoziva kuti Per farm - Mathematics.

Basa rake upenyu kana zvikazikamwa ainyanya kuburikidza rakakura matsamba kuti Fermat nevamwe masayendisiti. The muunganidzwa kwemabasa, izvo iye airamba kuita, uye harina rakatangwa. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi zvine musoro mugumisiro kana mutoro pamusoro huru basa mudare. Apo Pierre hapana uremu mabasa ake upenyu dzakabudiswa.

Per farm: Zvakawanikwa mu masvomhu

Mumwe mabasa ekutanga mumunda wemasvomhu panguva Fermat - the resumption mbiri-yakarasika zvinyorwa Apollonius mabhuku chakanzi "On sandara pasi". Pierre rakakura munorumbidzirweiko kuti sayenzi voruzhinji anoona navo musumo Analytical geometry pamusoro kamwoyo zvakawanda. Akaita izvi danho rinokosha chaizvo muna 1629. Uyewo mukupera maviri, Per farm akawana nzira yokuwana tangents uye extrema. Uye kare muna 1636-M zvakazara akapedza rondedzero nzira yokuwana kwave Kutamiswa mumaoko Mersenne, uye pamwe izvi zvaisagona inoverengwa munhu.

The gakava Descartes

Mumakore 1637-38 yemasvomhu French Per farm nokukurumidza netsika nharo zvakafanana kunoshamisa yemasvomhu Rene Descartes. The polemic akasimuka pamusoro "nzira yokuwana kunonyanyisa uye mashoma." Descartes haana kunzwisisa nzira uye asinganzwisisi, nokuti chikonzero akaisa kutsoropodza ake. Muzhizha 1638 Per farm akatuma Mersenne Descartes wokushandura Updated uye dzakapfuma nezvokuzadziswa kupa nzira yake. Mutsamba yake airatidza yake kudziviswa nekuti zvakanyorwa zana zvikuru yakaoma uye Kudzikama, asi panguva imwe chete pane ndyaringo. Mutsamba yake ine zvakananga chisekeso kunyange nokusanzwisisa Descartes. The purazi haana kupinda benzi uye isingadzorwi polemic, nguva dzose akaramba kumeso uye kuchitonhora zvenzwi. Rakange risiri gakava, asi, kurukurirano rakaita panhaurirano mudzidzisi nomudzidzi, izvo chinhu asinganzwisiswi.

Systematics overenga munzvimbo

Before Pierre Fermat nzira yokuwana kwakavakirwa zvakagadzirwa Italian Cavalieri. Zvisinei, nokuda 1642 Fermat akawana nzira yokuwana munzvimbo dziri muchisungwazve nechinhu "parábola" uye "gudziramukanwa." Akakwanisa kuratidza kuti nzvimbo dzinenge chero risingaperi zvitarisiko vanogona richiri finite ukoshi.

Problem rectification makakombama

Imwe vakatanga kudzidza dambudziko kadambari chinhu chakakombama urefu pakati makakombama. Akakwanisa kuunza dambudziko yokuwana nzvimbo. Kuverenga nzvimbo kwakaderedza ose mabasa pamusoro munyonga. It akaramba kuderedza kuti apinde itsva uye kupfuura tiivistelmä yokuti "chinokosha".

Mune ramangwana, zvose nzira yakanaka mugumisiro tsanangudzo "nzvimbo" kwaiva kuwana ukama "nzira tangents uye extrema". Pane uchapupu hwokuti purazi akamboona ukama chakajeka, asi hapana mabasa ake hazviratidzi maonero ichi.

Kusiyana neakawanda navo ake pamusoro nyaya, Per De Fermat aiva wakachena yemasvomhu uye kumboedza kuongorora mamwe mapazi nesayenzi. Zvimwe nechikonzero ichi, mupiro kwayo simba rose wemasvomhu ndiko saka yakadzika uye yakakwirira.

On dzidziso nhamba

Chinonyanya kukosha Farm nomupiro mu masvomhu uye kusvikira nhasi anonzi pakusikwa anoranga zvachose itsva - nhamba dzidziso. Musayendisiti munyika yake basa, aifarira svomhu matambudziko kuti dzimwe nguva kutanga uye guessing pachake. Mukuita yokuwana mhinduro dzemibvunzo yakurukurwa nezvinetso, Fermat kazhinji kwakaratidza zvinhu zvitsva uye nemamwe. New algorithms uye mitemo, theorems uye zvivako - zvose kamwe akaumba hwaro nhamba dzidziso, ikozvino aizivikanwa ose wechikoro.

Mupiro mabasa dzimwe nyanzvi

Saka, Per farm akaziva mitemo dzinongoitika nhamba akavaita nokusingaperi. Zvekufamba zvakasikwa nhamba vanonzi "theorem no kuti svomhu." Mumwe muenzaniso wakadaro akakurumbira "muduku theorem no." Naizvozvo Euler yakava nyaya inokosha ayo basa. Zvinonzi aizivikanwawo kuti raiva basa Pierre Fermat akabvunza hwaro theorem no Lagrange pamusoro mubatanidzwa 4 akaenzana.

Fermat wokupedzisira theorem no

Zvechokwadi, vakawanda mabasa Pierre anomira nokuda kwake kukuru uye simba theorem no. Zviri makore akawanda, kunyange kwemakumi emakore, dzakamanikidzwa "kuputsa musoro" mukuru mathematicians, uye kunyange pashure pacho yakabudiswa muna 1995, imwe itsva uye dzakasiyana chaizvo nzira uchapupu vachiri kuuya dhipatimendi ane kwemasvomhu kutsvetera mu Africa dzakawanda pasi pose.

Kunyange zvazvo purazi rabva chete nokupeta mubasa ravo uye Chidimbu mashoko, inova chamuita kuti Panovhurwa dzimwe inozvikudza geniuses zvizhinji masvomhu. In rukudzo rwake, zvakanga zita rimwe zvikuru nomukurumbira uye mukuru mukuru zvikoro France - Lyceum ainzi pashure Pierre de Fermat muToulouse.

musayendisiti rufu

Panguva yake basa basa mumunda wemasvomhu Farm nokukurumidza zvikuru chinoita mune imwe nyaya mudare. Muna 1648, Pierre akava nhengo dzeimba magwaro. Saka mukuru pambiru akapupura soro nzvimbo musayendisiti.

In Castres, apo purazi raiva mutemo, akafa ari mbudo unotevera dare pachirongwa. Rufu akauya wemasvomhu aine makore 64. The mwanakomana mukuru musayendisiti akatora baba kuunza mabasa vanhu uye dzikabereka zvinoverengeka tsvakurudzo ake.

Izvi zvakanga Per farm. Biography yake chaizvo, uye upenyu akasiya chiratidzo nguva dzose.

Zvekufamba pamusoro vaRafa ichi wemasvomhu hazvigoni dzakanaka uye vakarerutsa, nokuti nheyo yakasimba kuti vaongorori vakawanda. Per farm, mifananidzo (Portraits) anopiwa munyaya, ndakava hunhu simba, uyo upenyu hwake hwose kwakamubatsira kuti kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvake.