Yatinofanira kurwisa mitengo? Chii mitengo mumutauro nyore

Nezvoupfumi kunzwisisa neshoko rokuti "mitengo" wakadzikama kuwedzera zvinonyatsorehwa pamwero mitengo zvinhu uye mabasa. Izvi zvinotisvitsa vasanyanye nevatengi rokutenga simba. Asi mubvunzo kana kudiwa kundorwa mitengo, haagoni kupa mhinduro anokurumidza pachena. Izvi imhaka yokuti mumwe chikamu mutengo kuwedzera kunyange kubatsira kuti upfumi, nokuti kunoita kuti "kutyaira" nayo. On ichi nezvimwe zvinhu zvizhinji isu munyaya ino.

zvishoma

Kana isu kutaura chii mitengo iri, zviri nyore, zvakakodzera kureva zvinhu zvose pachena kwatiri - mari. Chii chinoitika kwavari apo kuwedzera zvinonyatsorehwa pamwero mitengo? Ngatitii tine mari kuti $ 100. In pamberi mitengo, mumwe mwedzi tinogona kutenga nayo zvose yakatarwa maduku zvigadzirwa. Kana ngatitarise mumwe muenzaniso. Regai munhu remidzanga kutsenga chingamu muna 2016 ndewe mumwe US Dollar. Kana gore negore mitengo mwero iri 2%, uchava kubhadhara 1,02 madhora kare muna 2017 ake. US. Saka, Fani iyi kunoita kuti depreciation pamusoro mari dzaishandiswa munyika.

mhando

On wokuti chii mitengo iri, kudavira sezvinotevera: ndiko vachiwana kuwedzera zvavo mutengo revarombo. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti nhamba iri indekisi iri generalized uye asingauyi pamusana zvinhu zvose uye mabasa. Yatinofanira kurwisa mitengo? Tisati tapindura mubvunzo uyu, tinofanira kunzwisisa chii chakaita izvozvo. Kusiyanisa zvinotevera mhando mitengo:

• Deflation. Izvi Chiitiko ari upfumi, iyo runoratidzwa neimwewo kuwa muna mitengo.
• Hyperinflation. Izvi zvikuru nokukurumidza nokuwedzera mitengo. It zvingatoguma pokuwa National zvemari hurongwa. Mumwe anozivikanwa mienzaniso hyperinflation chokuita Germany muna 1923. Ipapo mitengo vakasimuka ne 2500% mumwedzi rokupedzisira.
• Stagflation. It kunosanganisira urovha, kurega kunotanga pakuburitswa uye mitengo. Stagflation aiva maitiro ari dzakabudirira dziri kwema1970, apo mitengo mafuta akasimuka.

Ndechipi chikonzero kumutsa zvinonyatsorehwa pamwero mitengo?

Zvinokonzera migumisiro mitengo ndiyo nyaya gakava pakati zvoupfumi akasiyana zvikoro kwemakore akawanda. Zvisinei, vachiri havana kusvika nekubvirana. Zvisinei, dzidziso inogona kupatsanurwa hova maviri:

• Zvinoda mitengo. Zvinonzi chokuita chokwadi chokuti zvinhu zvishoma, uye mari yakawanda wechiGeorgian. Ndine kugadzirisa kwakadai mitengo? How kuzviita? Huru nzira pachava kuwedzera kufarira prices. Izvi zvichaita kuderedza mari wechiGeorgian. Kudiwa mitengo iri kazhinji chakanangana zvichiitika upfumi.
• inopa mitengo. Zvinonzi chokuita ndechokuti Vanoburitsa mutengo kuwedzera. Panyaya iyi, vanomanikidzwa kurera mitengo kuti varambe mwero profitability ramambo. Mari anosanganisa kwete chete kupedza iri kugadzirwa zvinhu. anopa mitengo kunogona chokuita nokuwedzera nemitero kana mari.

migumisiro

Kana ukabvunza mumwe munhuwo zvake pamusoro penyaya, anenge munhu wose ichapindura mitengo - ichi ndechimwe akaipa chakajairika, izvo mainozonodira wallets uye inoderedza mararamire. Asi chokwadi, zvinokanganisawo nevanhu zvakasiyana zvakasiyana. Chinhu chinokosha ndechokuti, aizvitarisira kana kwete. Ndinofanira kurwisa mitengo, kana zvose zvirimo, uye akagadzirira kudaro? Tarisiro nekure mutengo kuwedzera. Izvi imhaka yokuti mabhanga nguva yokuchinja mubereko rates, uye vanhu kuwana nani kubhadharwa basa kana kuti kukurukura vakuru kubhadhara vowanda. matambudziko akakomba simuka apo mitengo chisingatarisirwi:

• Lenders vanorasikirwa nemari, uye anokwereta vanobatsirwa. Kana mitengo iri kumusoro zvakakwana, ipapo zvingava zvakanaka nekure mubereko kubhadharwa kune yokupedzisira.
• ramangwana kusava nechokwadi ari kumanikidza makambani kuponesa uye mari kukura. It rinounza chinokosha kurasikirwa zvebhizimisi uye yose yenyika upfumi pakupedzisira.
• Vanhu vane yakamisirwa mari, zvakadai pensioners, vari kusangana kushata kurarama nemitemo chokuita depreciation mari.
• Kana mitengo munyika kupfuura vamwe kuti kugadzirwa zvinhu havazodi yemakwikwi pamusoro musika nyika.

Vanhu kazhinji vanotsutsumwa pamusoro kuwedzera mitengo, asi chaizvoizvo zvingasava dambudziko. Kana mari vowanda panguva mwero kana dzichimhanya, ipapo zvose zvakanaka. Hapana chikonzero chokufunga nezvacho sei kukurira mitengo, kana pachiyero 2-3%. Ichi chiratidzo chokuti upfumi huri kuwedzera. Kana mitengo haana chaizvoizvo, izvozvo kwaizova chokukomborerwa kuipa musika ezvinhu.

Statistical fungidzira

Zvino kuti Takataura pamusoro chii mitengo iri, zviri nyore, ngationei sei kuyerwa. Statistical Maonero of Chiitiko chinoramba chinetso. Kusawirirana kazhinji dzitendererane chii zvinhu uye mabasa vari kufungwa ari mumiririri yakatarwa. Pashure Pakusarudza "Tswanda" kuti mitengo kunoyerwa pamusana kukosha kwayo mugore ano zvichienzaniswa yakareba. Zvinotevera zviratidzi maviri anoshandiswa muUnited States:

• Mutengi mutengo indekisi. Iye inofungidzira mitengo kubva mutengi pfungwa maonero. Mumiriri kuisa pano zvinosanganisira zvokudya, zvokupfeka, peturu, motokari.
• Indekisi mugadziri mitengo. Iye inofungidzira mitengo kubva bhizimisi sezvazviri. indekisi ichi inorangarira kuchinja pamusika mitengo nhumbi uye mabasa anobudiswa munyika.

Rosstat: chadenga chakawedzera kukura

In November 2016 mitengo muRussia zvichienzaniswa ruva 5.8% gore rapera. Izvi idukusa kutarisirwa. chakarurama ichi Anoongorora Rosstat. Mitengo nokuti mapoka akasiyana-siyana ari sezvinotevera:

• Food. Mwero mitengo - 5%.
• Transport - 5.4%.
• Clothing uye shangu - 7.6%.
• Recreation netsika - 6%.
• Furniture neimba midziyo yemagetsi - 5.6%.
• Doro uye fodya - 8.7%.

Zvichienzaniswa October, muna November, mitengo yakawedzera 0,4%. Avhareji pamwero wenyika mitengo muRussia akanga 133,5% nokuti nguva kubva 1991 kusvika 2016. The soro zvazvingava hwakanyorwa muna December 1992. Zvino iye akanga 2333,3%. The yakaderera - muna April 2012. Panguva iyi, mwero mitengo muRussia yakasvika 3,6 chete%.

Control uye mutemo

Pane nzira dzakawanda hurumende iri kutambura mairi pamwe mitengo. Vanogona kukamurwa kuva mapoka akawanda:

• Nzira mari uye fiscal negwaro.
• Pokugadzwa yakatarwa Gengi.
• Gold mureza.
• Direct mutemo mubayiro uye mitengo.
• Kumutsa kukura kwoupfumi.
• Zvokudya kwaanoita uye kubatsira mari shoma zvikamu vemo.

Verenga zvakawanda pamusoro dzakasiyana

Mumwe nzira rokurwisa mitengo iri kubatanidzwa Gengi of National mari kune mumwe, ndiro akatsiga zvikuru. Zvisinei, izvi zvinotungamirira ndechokuti mutengo dhigiri imwe nyika anova novimba ezvinhu mumwe Member State. Uyezve, iyi zvazvingava, Central Bank uye hurumende haagoni kushandisa mari mutemo kuti mitengo kuzvidzora.

Nzira iyi yakashandiswa zvikuru munguva iri Bretton Woods hurongwa. Zvino mari enyika dzakawanda dzakanga pegged kuti dhora. Pashure 1970 hurumende yakatamira kune zvinoyangarara Gengi. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu akafanana ne kudzorwa mitengo kunoitika apo National mari kwakabatana goridhe.

Imwe nzira kurwisa ndichifumira mitengo ndiyo murau mubayiro uye mitengo. Vakawanda kushandiswa munguva yehondo. Direct kuzvidzora runozivisa vakaronga upfumi. In musika mamiriro kwemitengo pamusoro mapoka zvinokosha mishonga anogona chete kuva kwenguva pfupi. Chero State inotsvaka kuvaka kukura kwoupfumi. Kuti izvi zvidaro, izvozvo invests kukura kugadzirwa, kwezvivako, utano uye dzidzo enyika. Kana kukura kwoupfumi anoenderana nokuwedzera mari wedzerai dzaivapo, mitengo harimuki. Panguva apo mamiriro hachisisiri neimwe nzira, rwunotanga bhadhara chikamu chemari mari shoma vagari.

Monetary uye fiscal mitemo

The zvigadziriswe pamusoro muchikwata ichi zvinoshandiswa nehurumende uye nechepakati mabhanga kakawanda. Kuti akurire mitengo kufarirwa rates, mari rive shoma. Central mabhanga vanoedza kuchengetedza kuwedzera zvavo nemutengo dhigiri kuwanda 2-3%. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti deflation ndiyo nezvakwakaipira kuti upfumi. Higher mubereko rate kuderedza mari wechiGeorgian. Izvi zvinotisvitsa ichidonhedzera mitengo. Izvi nzira monetarists. Keynesians vanodavira rutapudzo kuti uwandu hwezvinhu zvose zvabatanidzwa. kudiwa kuburikidza fiscal mutemo, kureva kuwedzera mutero uye rutapudzo kwezvirongwa inivhesitimendi.