Rating mapurogiramu mumitauro 2016

Munyika yanhasi mapurogiramu ndechimwe rakabudirira zvikuru maindasitiri ose muzvigadzirwa mberi. Vanofanira kushanda pamwe chirongwa hachisi mubvunzo, sezvo zvino anenge basa wose nekombiyuta. Ndokusaka programmers akanaka vanokosheswa zvose muRussia uye kunze.

Muchidimbu pamusoro mapurogiramu mitauro

A mutauro zvirongwa ndiyo kwegadziriro interconnected mabhii hunodiwa kunyora ekombiyuta. Uyezve, pane mitemo inochinja chirongwa. Zvichienderana nemitemo kombiyuta anoita computational pezvakaitwa kana achiita zvinhu. It akagadzira nzira mapurogiramu chete yevanhu-kombiyuta kudyidzana.

Pane mhando mbiri huru kwemitauro hurongwa:

1. Standard (akagadzirwa zvinhu yokumiririra nemarongerwo uye semantics).
2. Zimukadzimu mureza (software pachavo nematurusi nechokwadi mwero oparesheni).

Pasinei simba uye pakawanda aripo pari mitauro, hapana nemarongerwo hakusi nokudenga. The siyana hurongwa kumanikidzwa wekuvamba itsva mutauro mikana. Kupararira multi-Musimboti processors uye kufamba ndakasika basa idzva kuti Developers.

nhoroondo mashoko

Sezvo pakusikwa wokutanga yemagetsi makombiyuta vakanga yagadzirwa vanenge zviuru zvisere mitauro hurongwa. Zvino vanoramba vasikwa anenge mazuva ose. Zvisinei, vazhinji vavo vanozivikanwa chete creators, asi vamwe vavo kushandiswa evanhu.

zvirongwa kwakatangira ndezvaJehovha namapfumbamwe remakore. Kusvika pamwero wakati, zvaigona kunzi programmable mano Somuenzaniso, kugadzira michina uye zvokuimba piyano. Pfungwa management kwaibva mirayiridzo, izvo zvinogona kunzi sezvo zvikabva ari zvirongwa mitauro ichangobuda, chete kutsarukana chaizvo uye chinyakare.

Muvambi zvakasikwa Ada Lovelace August zvirongwa mitauro, mudzidzi wemasvomhu British, uyo pakati pezana-namapfumbamwe remakore kuti anyore purogiramu pakuverenga Bernoulli nhamba aiendeswa Analytical injini naCharles Babbage. Zvinonzi vaiona wokutanga kombiyuta programmer, mushure yemasvomhu akanga anonziwo mumwe zvirongwa mitauro.

hwaro

With kukura zvemichina Mazinga kwaidiwa kuumba zvirongwa kuti kudzora dzemaitirwe muitiro rakasikwa chinhu. Kubva pano isu akatanga kuonekwa zvakasiyana-siyana mapurogiramu mitauro.

Heano mamwe acho:

• Assembler - mutauro yakaderera-pamwero akagadzirirwa kutaura zvakananga chete Hardware.
• Basic - nyore zvirongwa; zvaidikanwa kutanga pakuunganidza kushandisa michina nzira.
• "Cobol" - refu chechetere; Richishandiswa kugadzirisa zvinetso zvemari.
• "Fortran" - refu chechetere; It akasikwa kuti algorithmization kadambari mabasa.
• "Hero" - refu chechetere; rakagadzirirwa muitiro kudzora kushandisa michina (ainzi kuremekedza kukakavara Lavleys).
• Pascal - akanga akagadzirirwa kudzidzisa zvirongwa.
• C uye C ++ - mutauro yezvisikwa nokuda mafomu ose; mu inobva zvinodiwa hurongwa programmer.

Popular mitauro

A kureva kukurumbira mapurogiramu mitauro RedMonk inobva kunyatsoongorora musi GitHub uye kukurukura StackOverflow nzvimbo. For 2016. Iyi ndaza sezvinotevera:

• JavaScript.
• Java.
• PHP.
• Python.
• C #.
• C ++.

Maererano rating, kupfuura mukurumbira vari mitauro akadai JavaScript uye Java. Izvi hazvishamisi, nokuti akavaka kupinda Google Chrome, uye Safari browsers, izvo anowanzoshandiswa nevanhu vazhinji panyika. Uyezve, mari idzi zvinobatanidzwa munyaya zvikuru nevanhu mapurogiramu AdobeAcrobat uye Reader. Saka, kureva mapurogiramu mumitauro inobva kukurumbira vamwe mari kubva vanozvishandisa.

Asi magazini IEEESpectrum, zvikuru nevanhu ndiko C. Chinoteverwa Java, Python uye C ++. kutevedzana uku kunozivikanwa achishandisa zvawanikwa kuti dzakananga queries pamusoro anozivikanwa nzvimbo.

indekisi Tiobe

Tiobe - muindex runovabvumira kuziva mitauro kukurumbira uye kudiwa (kureva) zvirongwa. The kukarukureta yakaitwa pamusoro kutsvaga ane zita mutauro.

Rating Tiobe zvirongwa mutauro uri sezvinotevera: pakutanga ndiye Java, nzvimbo Second ndezvevanhu C, uye wechitatu - C ++. On March 2016 Java yakaita 25% musika mugove kukurumbira pakati mimwe mitauro. Zvinobatsira C yakaderera nezvikamu 2% 14%. Sezvineiwo yakarasikirwa nzvimbo yayo ObjectiveC ndiro inoshamisa, nokuti mukuru ari iPhone uye iPad platforms. JavaScript ari kurasikirwa mukurumbira wayo, kutamira kuguma pasi.

Izvi Rating mapurogiramu mitauro pasi kakawanda kuchinja, sezvo aumbwa zvichienderana vafarire kubaya vateereri.

Anowanzoshandiswa mitauro

Kana iwe akasika Os hazvibviri kufanotaura chaizvo inodzidzisa vachada. Dzimwe nguva zvinoitika kuti kushanda hurongwa asina zvakakwana zvinhu hazvisi kuwanikwa. Zviri kuti kusika zvakafanira zvirongwa mitauro, kuburikidza zvakanyorwa uye rakatangwa ne rinokosha romutemo. Ari kuzivikanwa kombiyuta uye edits chirongwa kana kuumba mubatsiri. Nokuti matambudziko akadaro, zvikuru nevanhu vari mitauro C uye C ++, uyewo dzinokosha uye Pascal. Kazhinji pave nokuda Windows uye Dos.

Languages hurongwa vanokamurwa muzvikwata zviviri:

1. Client (mumiririri ndiro JavaScript).
2. Server (wakanaka anoshumira HTML).

Sezvineiwo, zvinoita chepamusoro HTML zvirongwa mitauro. Its zvakwakanakira vari nyore Kuzivikanwa HTML-templates chero aivapo browsers. mutauro uyu inokosha, pasina ruzivo rwake hazvibviri anozodzidza dzakakwirira nhanho mapurogiramu.

The kudiwa mutauro

Rating kudiwa zvirongwa mitauro dzinobva kushanda muminda mabasa akasiyana-siyana. Nokuti mari hurongwa zvinoda akaoma uye siyana zvokushandisa kusika zvirongwa, akadai Java uye C #. Asi nekuda padandemutande mapeji uye mapurogiramu akadaro vanoda nyore uye muchidimbu mutauro Somuenzaniso, JavaScript kana Ruby.

In nokure kupfuura dzakakurumbira Vashandirwi zvinoziviswa SQL. Databases zvakadai MySQL, Microsoft SQL zvakasikwa anoritsanangura, ayo anoshandiswa nevakawanda mahombe. Uyezve, foni zvose pamusoro Android uye IOS anotsanangura kuwana SQL Database inonzi SQLite.

Rating mapurogiramu mitauro munharaunda ino inopa zvinotevera mazita kudiwa: ari Java, JavaScript, kuti C # uye nevamwe.

Saka, tinogona kugumisa. Chepamusoro zvirongwa Languages 2016 inopa nzira chaizvo yakafanana kukurumbira, kushandiswa uye kudiwa. Asi kusiyana zviripo, asi chikonzero ichi ndivo zvinodiwa akasiyana nomumwe nzvimbo yebasa.