Sei Zvichikuvadza Kuchengetwa Kwemari?

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, kushevedza kusangano redu rave richiwanzobvunzana nemubvunzo, nei mabhadharo emari makuru akachengetedzwa, kana achishandisa nzira yehurumende yekutenga nenzira yekutengeswa kwemutengo - zvakanaka here?

Hungu, chokwadi, muhupfumi ruzivo rwekuwana ruzivo runonzi mazita nemabhiriyoni ehurumende ye zeros (8-9 mabhiriyoni gore negore), akachengetedzwa panguva yebasa rekushandisa magetsi nenzira yekutsvaga mutengo wokuderedza mutengo [1]. Uye izvi hazvikwanisi asi zvinokonzera kufara kwevanhu uye kuzvikudza mune "hupfumi" hwakadaro.

Ngatitarisei chinonyanya kukosha nechokubatsira kwehutano hwekushandisa. Izvi zvinotevera. Nhengo dzakashanda dzebasa revanhu kuburikidza nekugadzira huwandu hunowedzera, hunoratidzwa mumari. Vanhu vose vanofarira basa iri, asi vanonzwisisa kuti zvichiri kudiwa kuti vawane mari yezvirongwa zvehutano (dzidzo, mishonga) uye zvisingaverengeki mari (mauto, mapurisa, mhosva). Sarudzo inogadziriswa kubvisa chikamu chemari yemari kubva kubasa revanhu rinoshandiswa, nenzira yemitero, vachiitumidza iyo mari yehurumende. Kupa mitezo nhengo dzevanhu vasina kubatanidzwa mukusikwa kwehutsika chero ipi zvayo, kugoveranazve mari yehurumende yehurumende maererano nemafungiro evanhu akagamuchirwa mukutanga kuverengwa, akasarudzwa nevanomiririra vamiririri vemunharaunda. Mari idzi dzichaenda nenzira mbiri. Kutanga, iyo nhengo dzenzanga dzinogadzira kwete mararamiro (hukama hwevanhu, hwemweya, hwemagariro evanhu, nezvimwewo) uye, maererano nekudaro, kudzokera kumabasa ekushanda kwevanhu. Chechipiri, kune iyo kudzoka kusatarisirwe (kupfura pamusangano wekudzidzira zvehondo, "kuputira" kune dzimwe nyika, nezvimwewo). Zvinonzwisisika kuti hupfumi hwenharaunda hunofarira chaizvo kuti mari isinganzwisisiki, nokukurumidza kana zvichibvira yakadzokera pakuparadzirwa (mari inoita mari). Zvapiwa izvi, isu takapiwa "redistributors" vanoparidza mabhizimisi ekubhadharisa zvinhu nezvinhu. Nzira yacho iri nyore - ndiani achapa mutengo wakaderera, iye achagamuchira urongwa. Isu tinoita "kuwanikwa" - kukosha kwechigadzirwa (chigadzirwa, basa) kunotsanangurwa nehuwandu hwehutano hwemhando dzebasa rakapoteredzwa mairi uye iyo inoda kubatsirwa. Nokudaro, kana iwe ukawa pasi pechikumbaridzo chemhando yemiti (kubva kune purogiramu sezvaunogona kuramba), unowana: "mutengo wakaderera - unhu hwakanaka." Nokudaro, tichishandisa mutemo weComrade Paretto, tinowana: 80% yehurumende yose yakarongeka inogadzirwa nemafuta, 19.85% inogamuchirwa uye 0.15% yakachengetwa mari yebhajheji mari. Kushandisa zviyero zveHurumende yeHurumende yeRepublic of Kazakhstan [2], tinoshandura zvikamu izvi muchidimbu:

- Misika yehurumende inotenga inofungidzirwa ku 5,423 mabhiriyoni KZT.

- Chigadzirwa chakashata chakatengwa - 4 338 mabhiriyoni KZT.

- mari isina kushandiswa - 8 mabhiriyoni tenge.

Maererano naKazinform [3], GDP yeKazakhstan muna 2011 yaiva 27 306 mabhiriyoni tenge. Icho chinopera kuti "vaparidzi" vakashandisa zvisina kufanira 15% yehupenyu hwedu. Kana isu tichifara nehuwandu hweGDP hwekuwedzera we7,5%, zvakajeka kuti 15% yevanhu inongova njodzi.

Ikoko kune imwe nhuhu. Zvechokwadi, sangano rekutenga, kuburikidza nehuwandu hwekugadzirisa mutengo, hunofanana nehurongwa humwe hwehurumende hweimwe hutunhu hweAfrica. Chinokosha chazvo ndechokuti, chero mukadzi asina kuroorwa anogona kushanda, kumutumbi wehurumende pakusarudzwa kwemurume wake. Mhedziso huru, asi humwe hudiki hushoma - murume wake, anotanga kuona pamubhedha wechato nekunyora muruoko uye kusakwana kwakakwana kwezvasarudzo kwehupenyu hwake hwose. Saka pano, "kushamiswa" kwehurongwa hwakadaro hwokusarudza mutengesi wemishonga, inoputsa mutemo mukuru wehutungamiri hwehutano - kodzero yekusarudza mutengi. Sezvazviri nyore, "redistributor" haigoni kusarudza mutengesi iye pachake, uye pakupedzisira haasi iye ane mhosva yehutano hwechigadzirwa chakatengwa nemari yevanhu.

Nharo huru ye "madzitateguru" ehurongwa hwakadaro hwekutengeserana kwenyika, hongu, kurwisana nehuori. Panyaya iyi, ndine chinyorwa chakasiyana, chandakanyora mushure mekudzidza kusagadzikana kwekusingaperi kweuchiki neuchi. Asi, hongu, mukati mekushandiswa kwebhuku rino, zvakakosha kuziva kuti idzi idzi mbiri dzakabatana zvikuru.

Zvisinei, ngatiedzei kuti tiongorore kufunga kwedu.

1. Pasina mubvunzo, shanduro yekutsvaga kwenyika inofanira kuvakwa pamusana pemitemo masere yehutano hwakanaka. Ziva mutengi, uye izvi, nenzira, isangano, kwete mushumiri wehurumende. Tsanangura munhu akajeka webasa revatungamiri uye nyanzvi dzinoita zvekutengesa, panzvimbo pekutaura nezvemapuraneti nemichina yemakombiyuta.
2. Shingairira zvinangwa zvakananga. Apo "machine" inosarudza iwe, inotungamirira kukunyadzisa kwemunhu, semunhu. Kana iwe uchivimba nekambani kuti uwane mari yayo, ipapo nhamba yako yemutungamiri wenyika inofanira kuva yakakwana zvakakwana. Zvakakosha kudzidzisa zvishandiso zvemazuva ano zvekutarisira uye chirevo chepamusoro-soro chemushandi wehurumende.
3. Kuvaka zviratidzo zvekubudirira kwekushandiswa kwemari yehurumende yebhajheti, uko kunotenga pachako kunongova chikamu chekuita. Usashandise zvikwereti zvakakura zvakakwana, ndonditaurira kuti mari yakawanda sei pane imwe yakapoteredzwa.
4. Kuchengetedza kana kudarika zvekubhadhara kwemari, ichi chiratidzo chekusina kunaka kwekugadzira nekushanda kwekushanda. Isati tagara tamboona shanduro "chirongwa chemakore mashanu mumakore matatu" - tinoziva kuti yakaguma sei. Chete mitemo inonyatsojekesa macroeconomics!
5. Mhinduro dzakasimba dzinodiwa kuronga "kugadziriswa" kwehutano hwekutengesa hurumende nekuvandudzika kwakanaka kwemari yemari yebhajeti pamusana pekutarisa kwevanhu uye ruzivo. Kuzvidzivirira uye kuzvidzora kwave kwakaratidza kuvengana kwavo. Muridzi wacho anofanira kudzora kushandisa kwakakodzera mari yake pachake, kwatiri isu sangano rino rinofanira kuva sangano.

Takadzidziswa kwenguva refu kuti tingararama sei, asi hatina kudzidzisa nzira yekuraira hupenyu hwako. Ngativei.

A.V. Banduro

Aviso@aviso.kz

References:

1. Tatyana Batischeva, mutori wenhau dzemari. (Http://www.forbes.kz/blogs/blogsid_49/)
2. Hurumende yeElectroniki yeRepublic of Kazakhstan. Mari yehurumende yeRepublic of Kazakhstan saJanuary 1, 2012.
3. Kazinform. Meirambek Baigarin (http://inform.kz/eng/article/2441319)