Ship "Mikhail Lermontov": Mashoko rufu

Muna February 1986, ari panjodzi kuti unobereka zita Cook, nemhenderekedzo New Zealand, paiva chikepe: akanyura reSoviet chikepe "Mikhail Lermontov", waiva vanhu vanopfuura mazana manomwe namakumi mashanu. Sezvineiwo, nhamba yevanhu yaiva duku. Nokukuvadzwa muchikepe "Mikhail Lermontov" kwakauraya upenyu chimwe chete nhengo vashandi - injiniya Paul Zaglyadimova reefer dzakabatana. Iye aishanda mupanda, rakanga nemafashamo anenge pakarepo mushure tsaona. Gumi vanhu vakakuvadzwa kunosiyana inosiyana zvakaoma.

Vhuṱanzi

Rufu muchikepe "Mikhail Lermontov" kwakaitika makore makumi matatu apfuura. Rwokutsvakurudza mabasa njodzi yakatora mwedzi vanopfuura mumwe, dzaiitwa kwete nyika yedu asi kunze. Zvisinei, pane chinhu mufananidzo yakarurama zvakaitika kusvikira nhasi. Yaiva tsaona nechikepe "Mikhail Lermontov" Zvinosiririsa sezvineiwo, kana kuparara - zviri vachiri utsinye munhu?

Izvi vosmipalubny Soviet mutakurwi liner aiva mumwe anobudirira zvikuru zvikepe akavaka pasi basa 301. Yakanga yakagadzirwa vanhu mazana manomwe namakumi mashanu. Akavaka chikepe "Mikhail Lermontov" iri shipyards muna Wismar muna 1972. Akanzi ari kukudzwa nyanduri huru Russian.

On chikepe ichi mumazuva iwayo takafamba chete vashoma ipapo vepamusoro. Photos of chikepe "Mikhail Lermontov" rinowanzoshandiswa rakabudiswa muna Western wokudhinda. Zvinonzi kutongwa sei kurarama Soviet Union, vanhu pamusoro payo panze nguva zvavo. Zvisinei, zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti mungarava wake chikamu chikuru chevanhu yedu. Zvisinei, ndakaona kuti vazhinji vanhuwo Soviet Union ukasazviziva kunyange kuti pane chikepe yakadaro - "Mikhail Lermontov".

purojekiti 588

vanhu vashoma vanoziva kuti pane ichi muumbozha liner muSoviet Union aiva "hama" zvakafanana zita. It rakavakwa pasi chirongwa nhamba 588 vakapinda mufambi rengarava ari Volga River Shipping Company. Ship "Mikhail Lermontov", yainzi "Kazbek" pakutanga, dzinozivikanwa vakashumira chete vashanyi Astrakhan, achiita multi-zuva kufamba kwokunakidzwa kuMoscow uye Leningrad. Kusiyana mukoma wake yakakurumbira zvikuru, rwizi-uriri matatu chikepe rakabudiswa wekushandisa kokupedzisira muna 1993, uye muna 2000 zvakanzi gurwa.

A inobudirira Advocacy chirongwa

Muna 1962, pashure pokunge Cuban chombo dambudziko, kana international mamiriro ezvinhu zviri inodziya, hurumende yeSoviet akaita matanho akawanda zvainanga, kuvaka mazambuko pakati East uye West. Soviet-Canadian ukama vakatanga kuvaka chikepe "Alexander Pushkin", mhanya pamutsetse ichi. Ship "Mikhail Lermontov", uyewo, vaifanira kuva Tours of USSR - United States. Aionekwa kubudirira Advocacy Project kwehurumende yeSoviet. Kutaura zvazviri, chikepe akaita nedzenyu basa, zvinobudirira womubhodhoro kuMadokero wedu upenyu Soviet.

In New York, zuva rake yokusvika mungarava akasimuka venhau vanopfuura mazana mashanu kunyora mangwanani kuti avo hooters chikepe "Mikhail Lermontov" kwakaratidza kuguma kweHondo Yemashoko. VokuAmerica vave achishingaira kuti vatenge matikiti chikepe chedu. Chikepe, razova chinhu chakakura mukwikwidzi vazhinji Western rwendo analogues, nokukurumidza pakuzivikanwa pamisika kuti dzakawanda mutakurwi motokari.

The chadenga muigwa

Kana American mutsetse nemhaka mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, akavharwa, Ushumiri Morflot, vazvione. huru Rwako kutakura vanokurudzirwa pakati England uye Australia, akatuma chikepe "Mikhail Lermontov" kumaodzanyemba hemisphere. Photos of chikepe "Mikhail Lermontov", akaita nomwe vakakomba nyika Flights, kuonekwa pachaunga kunyika dzakasiyana. Iye nechikepe kubva London, akashanyira vazhinji yakaisvonaka dzenyika uye vodzokera guru yeBritain, ichokwadi, mhiri. Zvinonzi mumhepo mungarava yakanga zvikuru. Injini chikepe chakanga chakafanana diki mamiriro, apo ikatanga vanhuwo upenyu, kudanana naro, dzaroorwa, uye kunyange kufa.

Mazuva gumi - rwokuparidza "Mikhail Lermontov" - kurapwa mazana manomwe emadhora. The British vaitoseka kuti kugara chikepe ichi kwavari nguva Soviet isingadhuri pane kurarama panyika. Uye ndinofanira kutaura kuti chokwadi ichi vaisada Western rwendo makambani, saka vakaita zvose zvemarudzi vakakutsamwisai usangobva. Uye nekuti hakuna rimwe shanduro chikepe kuti "Mikhail Lermontov" akanyura nemhenderekedzo New Zealand haisi netsaona, asi vavariro yakaipa munhu.

Last kutiza: Chronicle

Nemitanhatu February 1986 panguva yechitatu Soviet vosmipalubny chic liner rikabuda New Zealand Picton. Ship "Mikhail Lermontov", wokupedzisira ndege iyo vakamira mbudo of Queen Charlotte Strait mubhazi akanga akatakura mazana mana namakumi masere vakatakurwa uye mazana matatu namakumi rikarira nhengo matatu. Pashure inenge hafu yeawa mukuru akaenda kabhini ake. nzvimbo yake pamusoro zambuko akatora varindi aidzidzisa, vaiva wechipiri naye, kuti New Zealand mutyairi maviri vengarava. The redhiyo akaudza vanhu pamusoro omunharaunda zvinokwezva. Panguva chikumbiro kwave kurondwa pedyo nemhenderekedzo New Zealand mutyairi weboka mudziyo. At hafu apfuura shanu ngarava akaisa kosi vakabuda pachena munyanza.

Pakarepo, mufambisi wengarava akarayirwa kuti kutora murayiro vakasunungura akasiya inegumi. Watch mukuru akati kudzokororwa, uye liner kuchinja, akauya nhete chaizvo akakamanikana yaiva pakati Jackson uye Cape Lighthouse Walkers Rock. Second mate Gusev akaudzwa kuti mvura inogona kuonekwa masaisai airovera panyika.

On mubvunzo wokuti nei akachinja Chokwadi, New Zealand mutyairi, aidzidzisa Rambai S. Stepanischeva akatsanangura kuti zvinobvumira vanhu kuona kunaka Cape Jackson.

Pana maawa gumi matatu maminitsi sere chikepe "Mikhail Lermontov" ari kumhanya gumi namashanu nokusunungura mapfundo akananga yakamanika. Mushure maawa maviri nehafu pashure pokubva chengarava Picton chikepe kudai pedyo mumwe pamatombo kuti nyaya, zvaibvira kuti vavavarire uye vasvike namatavi emiti kukura paruware payakangopfuura. Asi nguva yacho helmsman vakakwanisa kuderedza votendeuka.

Asi pakarepo chikepe pane akurumidze uye yakadonha kudombo anyatsofukidzwa. Ship "Mikhail Lermontov", pikicha kubva pasi paine uchapupu kukuvara dzakawanda, akanga holed gumi mamita refu. Uyewo, risingapindi mvura bulkheads vave vakapamba ne tsaona. Asi chikepe inertia akaramba kuenda mberi. Captain Vorobyov, pakarepo kwakaonekwa pamusoro zambuko, wakauya mumaoko avo uye akasarudza kukandira liner pamusoro sandbank, iri apo panopinda Port Gore.

kufunganya

Vakatakurwa panguva iri kudhumhana kana vasingafungiri. Vakaungana vari "Mikhail Lermontov" mimhanzi Salon yacho liner. Ship, tsaona iyo kwakauraya upenyu mumwe munhu, pane namanomwe mana navashanu akanga atova madhigirii-roll. Pangosvika aramu akanzi. Zvayaiva pamusoro bhiriji mukuru akashuma kuti risingapindi mvura masuo battened pasi. Asi hazvina kubatsira. Mvura ikatanga kupinda refrigerated mupanda, kubva yokurovedza muviri, zvokudya pantries, mbatya nzvimbo uye neimba kudhinda vakanga vakanyura. Akatanga seep kuburikidza uye havaratidzi rakanyatsozarirwa mikova risingapindi mvura iri injini mukamuri.

In maawa matanhatu uye maminitsi makumi maviri, kana zvashata chikwata vakaedza kuvhara mahwindi, vagokungurusa chikepe kwakanga madhigirii anopfuura gumi. Mukuru akanga asina sarudzo, asi kupa kuti kugadzirira kununura michina. Iye pamusoro zambuko akagamuchira mushumo mvura kuti zvikazara uye huru pamuchina wokugamuchira vachigovera simba. Somugumisiro, chikuru injini yacho zvashata chemabhazi, uye nekuti magetsi aenda. Nenguva nomwe o'clock mumaminitsi gumi muchikepe rwakapetwa akauya gumi madhigirii, saka mukuru akarayira vose kusiya injini muimba.

The vashandi pakarepo vakatanga kutama vanhu vose. Ndakakwanisa kuponesa zvinenge zvose. Vatori Vakawanda rwendo, vakawanda vakanga vari kukwegura, aifanira chaizvoizvo kumira pamaoko avo. Gare gare zvikazooneka kuti kwakanga kusina Paul Zaglyadimova pakati pevachapona - Refrigeration makanika. Maererano zvapupu, panguva iyo tsaona, akanga akarurama uta mungarava yava kunyura, uye paaimhanyisana nemabasa chinhu kubasa kwake. shanduro raitwa mberi kuti ndakadumbirwa nokurohwa, akafa somugumisiro.

Details rufu muchikepe

Nemitanhatu February 1986 rakatanga Cloudy. On zambuko mangwanani vaiva wengarava Vladimir Vorobiev uye New Zealand mutyairi Jamison kubva pachiteshi Picton. Professional somueni nyanzvi, hapana mu mubvunzo. Aiva mumwe vezvikepe vatatu vakanga akapa bvumidzwa kubvumira wiring midziyo guru pamusoro gang Fiordland - New Zealand National Park, twi fjords, riri inozivikanwa kuti Gungwa Tasman. Asi ichi ruzivo uye nomazvo nyanzvi chaiyo uye akaita chinoshamisa chisarudzo sei kupedza vosmipalubny chikepe Soviet rakamanikana panjodzi pakati matombo shoals uye Cape Jackson. Gare gare, munguva kuferefeta, dzeBhaibheri Jamieson akati kuti zvakaitika nomuzvarirwo. Iye zvichipomerwa asingadi kupotsa mukana wokuratidza vatakurwi pedyo runako zvose Cape Jackson wake yechiedza kurutivi rwokumusoro nomukova panjodzi.

The hwokugadzira divi njodzi

Rufu muchikepe "Mikhail Lermontov" kwave nharo. newsmen zhinji Western akaedza racho dambudziko iri, sezviri pachena kuzadzisa hurongwa munhu. First nechokwadi rakavimbika zvikepe Soviet, kunyanya kushaya kwavo unyanzvi michina.
Somuenzaniso, Britain "Times" kwakauraya kuti kunyange kununurwa magwa pamusoro "Mikhail Lermontov" vakanga saka nengura kuti vatakurwi aigona kubaya pasi petsoka dzavo, uye havana kupisa vanamajasi chiratidzo mwenje.

Chokwadi, vose hype aiva nechokuita chokwadi. On hwaro Paris MOU, makasimbiswa muna 1982 kuti batanidza Europe pamusoro Implementation ari kudzora ngarava wokumwe dzakawanda tsika kuchengeteka navigation, chete gore asati afa muchikepe, muna June 1985, muna Hammerfest nayo zvazvakaipira neInternational Commission, mhedziso wakanga unequivocal. Nyanzvi akawana kuti chikepe vari mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, uye akamupa rugwaro. Uyezve, muna December 1985, ngarava vakapfuura nomumwe muedzo, asi muAustralia. Mukuru akawana maoko angu pamusoro gwaro kuti zvakataurwa pamusoro hwokugadzira zvokushandisa hapana.

Uye zvakare, maererano Paris gwaro, asi unoenderana chengarava mabasa kuti kungoti haana asunungurwa nechikepe kana chakaremara chikepe kusanganisira chikepe "Mikhail Lermontov". Kana ari ora zvikepe uye vainyeperwa chakarurama mwenje, mungarava kuuya yakazara akagadzirwa nezvikepe zvakagadzirwa Washington City Offices kana simbi alloys dzakakwirira kwazvo simba. Naizvozvo, nerunyerekupe leaky lifeboats vaiva nhema. Signal zviedza regai kupisa nokuti zvichinyemwerera chete kana vari mumvura. On hwaro ichi, tinogona kugumisa kuti shanduro michina atadze kushanda zvakanaka chikepe nokupera.

Danger makwikwi

In East Germany panguva shipyards muna Wismar makore mashomanana kuvaka "Mikhail Lermontov" - chikepe, mvura iyo inogona achiri kuverengwa: ". Port of yokunyoresa - guta Leningrad uye kuBaltic Shipping Company" Zvaaishandisa pamwe Zvivako ano, chikepe ichi rwendo pakarepo kwakaonekwa nechemberi zvose mufambi zvikepe Soviet Minmorflot.

Mukuru chikepe akanzi ane ruzivo mukwasvi Aram Mihaylovich Oganov, vasina kuenda kuti yenhamo ndege kuti chikonzero chakanaka. Injini chikepe kupfuura kamwe nechikepe pose. Akanga chaizvo ari kudiwa pakati dzimwe vashanyi vanoda kutenga Tours kufamba pamusoro mudziyo ichi Soviet. Chikonzero chaiva isingadhuri kwete chete pane makambani Western, mutengo tikiti, asi yakakwirira azvipire basa.

Version chokuita makwikwi, zvakare, runoonekwa mukutonga, uye kwete nyika yedu asi kunze. Captain "Mikhail Lermontov" riri dare kuti kwete kamwe kugamuchira kutukana uye zvakanyorwa kutyisidzira, mukuwedzera, chikepe haisi chinoshamisa zviitiko chakaitika, kusvikira kuwanikwa mujinga pasi rinobva zvimbambaira pasina fuses.

Mumakore okupedzisira ndege Oganov akanga pazororo. Iye anotenda kuti kurasikirwa chikepe kwakanga kwakonzerwa mutyairi. Place rufu chikepe "Mikhail Lermontov" kwemakore akawanda vakashanda sezvo nyanzvi aifanira toziva. Uyewo, maererano mukuru, ngarava rikanyura kure mazana masere metres kubva kumhenderekedzo ari kudzika makumi matatu mamita. Uye izvozvo rufu sezvo Ogan akati, haagoni kuva netsaona.

chirahwe mutyairi wendege

Jamison aiva pamberi rwokubudisa pakarepo mushure kununura chikepe akaunzwa kumhenderekedzo. Uye wakazviratidza pakutanga chaipo kuferefeta vakarongwa maererano New Zealand Ministry of Transport. Akati kuti zuva aneta zvikuru, nekuti haimuoni kuzorora kwemazuva mashomanana. Uyezve, sezvo vakawana zvakaguma, mufambisi chete hafu yeawa vasati mugungwa, "Mikhail Lermontov" kunwa vodka uye doro. Ratidza mhosva yake zvakananga vakakundikana uye nhasi dzeBhaibheri Jamieson ndiye mukuru igwa duku vakatakura vezvipfuwo kubva Wellington kuna Picton uye shure.

homecoming

Pakafa muchikepe "Mikhail Lermontov" vokuRussia vakaramba mutakurwi motokari mudunhu nokusingaperi. Uyezve, nemhenderekedzo New Zealand kwemakore mashanu haana kuonekwa hapana ari rwendo chikepe.

Vafambisi vengarava, vakakwanisa kuponesa anopfuura mazana mana unonyura vatakurwi vakamirira kumba hakusi nemaoko. MuSoviet Union ndakarukutika vanhu akadzinga anenge pasi perekedza.

"Mikhail Lermontov" chirango ndiyo evapambi

Mwedzi mishomanana pashure penjodzi, mumwe chikepe masts muchibudisira ari Cook Strait mvura akafanana ruoko, achikumbira rubatsiro. Kunyange zvazvo kuwedzera mvura yakanga zvinodhura chaizvo mudziyo anogona kuitwa, asi muSoviet Union akatanga perestroika, asi nokuti haana kukwira chikepe, vakanyura kure nomumwe hemisphere. Asi usati vano siyana. Ship "Mikhail Lermontov" richiri kubirwa. Kunyange zvazvo Ndinofanira kutaura kuti pane hurumende pamwero mabasa rwaiitwa: pakutanga kwayo mafuta Matangi paIndaneti, uye ipapo, pamwe chete "Titanic", wakachengeteka muchikepe, yaiva zvishongo akapfuma dzimwe mubhazi akanga arerwa pamwe naye. Gold uye mangoda zviri vakadzokera varidzi uye akatumira Leningrad chikepe bhero, izvo kucheka siyana.

Luxury liner kuti akanyura pedyo nemhenderekedzo pane zvakanaka kudzika kudzika, rimwe gore vakazotanga vabiridzire veko. Chii kunakidza, pane runyerekupe kuti chikepe kwakanga zvikuru anotsiva kukokwa evapambi. Mumakore mashomanana emakore pamusoro "Mikhail Lermontov" vakaurayiwa siyana vatatu vane miviri vasina kuwana ...