Small maoko Wehrmacht. maoko Small of Wehrmacht muHondo Yenyika II. Small maoko Germany

Nokuda Soviet firimu pamusoro hondo, vanhu vakawanda vakanga vachiwana pfungwa kuti mukanyiwa zvidiki (mufananidzo pazasi) German inifanduri munguva Second World War - iri automatic (SMG), "Schmeisser" gadziriro, iyo inonzi mazita ayo wakachenjera. Izvi ngano kusvikira nhasi achishingaira rinotsigirwa nenyika cinema. Zvisinei, kutaura zvazviri, ichi muchina mukurumbira haana chombo chikuru pakati Wehrmacht, uye akasika hazvina Hugo Schmeisser. Zvisinei, zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga.

Sei ngano

vashandi vose vanofanira kungwarira mudzimba mafirimu vakazvitsaurira kuna German inifanduri kurwisa nzvimbo yedu. varume vakashinga Blond aifamba, hapana ducking, uye unhu kupfura muchina "kubva hudyu". Uye chinonyanya kunakidza ndechokuti chokwadi ichi hazvirevi kushamisa munhu, kunze vaya vakanga vari muhondo. Maererano mafirimu, "Schmeisser" aigona kuitisa nechinangwa moto panguva iyoyo kure sezvo nepfuti varwi edu. Mukuwedzera, Fafitera kana kuona mafirimu izvi sokuti mudonzvo yose German inifanduri panguva Second World War, ane zvigwagwagwa. Kutaura zvazviri, zvose zvakanga zvakasiyana, uye Sub-pfuti - hazvina hombe diki maoko Wehrmacht, uye "kubva hudyu" hazvibviri kupfura mariri, akaitumidza kwete "Schmeisser". Uyezve, kuita kurwisa pemigero submachine nekupesana, umo pane varwi, vakabata nepfuti chitoro - ichi chinhu pachena kuzviuraya, sezvo pemigero chete asingadi kuuya pasi.

Anopapamisa ngano otomatiki chivhorovhoro MP-40

The duku maoko Wehrmacht muHondo Yenyika II ndiyo pamutemo rinonzi SMG (Maschinenpistole) MP-40. Kutaura zvazviri, ndiye munhu nadzurudzo of MP-36 muchina. Mugadziri wokuenzanisira ichi, kusiyana nezvinodavirwa nevakawanda, harisi gunsmith H. Schmeisser, uye zvakafanana nomukurumbira uye unyanzvi Artist Genrih Folmer. Uye nei iye zvakasimba saka vakaramba kuti zita remadunhurirwa rokuti "Schmeisser"? The ndechokuti Schmeisser aiva bvumidzwa nokuda chitoro, iro rinoshandiswa ichi Sub-zvigwagwagwa. Uye kuti varege kutyora Copyright ake, ari wokutanga MR-40 mijenya pamusoro chitoro mugamuchiri ndokutsika chinyorwa bvumidzwa SCHMEISSER. Kana michina aya sezvo zvakapambwa kuti varwi omubatanidzwa wehondo ivo amufungira kuti muvambi muenzaniso uyu zvidiki Chokwadi, Schmeisser. Ndizvo nokuti MP-40 uye kugadzirisa remadunhu- ichi.

Pakutanga, mushumiri Command German iri ihwohwo pfuti chete kuraira chivako. Saka, muna inifanduri Mudunhu MP-40 vaifanira kuva chete panguva rechiuto vehondo, muromo uye mahofisi. Gare gare kwangoitwa pfuti dzakapa vatyairi kuti warrior motokari, matangi musoja. Misa of inifanduri hapana ihwohwo mukuzarurirwa 1941 kana pashure. Maererano zvakachengetedzwa hondo Germany muna 1941, hondo yakanga michina 250,000 chete MP-40, uye ari pamusoro vanhu miriyoni 7,234. Sezvaunogona kuona, submachine pfuti - haisi chombo hombe Hondo Yenyika II. Kazhinji, nokuti yose nguva - kubva 1939 kusvika 1945 - dzakabudiswa mamiriyoni 1,2 chete michina iyi, ukuwo muzvikamu Wehrmacht hwakagadzirirwa vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 21.

Wadii zvombo inifanduri MP-40?

Pasinei chokwadi kuti nyanzvi vakaona pashure kuti LL-40 - ndiwo akanakisisa pfuti Hondo Yenyika II muna inifanduri Mapoka Wehrmacht akanga chikwata chake. Chikonzero chacho chiri pachena: ari sighting siyana panguva muchina uyu ari zvinangwa boka iri chete chete 150 m, uye - 70 M Ndicho pasinei nokuti masoja Soviet Vakanga vakabata Mosin pfuti uye Tokarev (SVT), sighting siyana chakanga 800 M kuti boka. zvinangwa uye 400 mamita chete. Kana vokuGermany vakanga akarwa zvombo zvakadaro kwaratidzwa mumafirimu Russian, vangadai kumbobvira vakakwanisa kusvika muvengi pemigero, ivo aizopfurwa sapamazuva nokuputsanya.

Vachiridzira pamusoro vanoenda "kubva hudyu"

Submachine pfuti MP-40 pamwe vachiridzira vibrates, uye kana imi kurishandisa, sezvinoratidzwa firimu, ivo mabara munogara kubhururuka rakafara pamusoro chinangwa. Naizvozvo, nokuti zvinobudirira moto ichasimbiswa aimanikidzwa bandauko, pashure pokunge kuparadzira garo. Mukuwedzera, havana kudzingwa basa refu watsemuka sezvo rinopisa nokukurumidza kubva muchina uyu. Kakawanda kurohwa pfupi Explosão 3-4 cartridges kana vaiva moto chete. Pasinei nokuti waivako unhu akaratidza kuti mwero 450-500 vaitenderera paminiti, mune tsika, kuti vabudirire akadaro mugumisiro hahuzombobudiriri.

Zvakanakira MP-40

Hatigoni kutaura kuti ndizvo zvombo zvidiki Hondo Yenyika II yakanga yakaipa, nekusiyana, zviri kwazvo, ngozi chaizvo, asi zvinofanira kushandiswa mukati melee. Ndokusaka dzokurwa nadzo wokutanga sabhoteji dzakabatana. Vanewo Kazhinji akashandisa vasori vehondo yedu uye guerrillas kuremekedzwa muchina uyu. Kushandiswa melee lightweight mukuru-velocity pfuti kwakaguma zvaioneka zvikomborero. Kunyange iye zvino, MP-40 kwakakurumbira chaizvo pakati pavanhu vemhosva, uye mutengo muchina pamusoro pamisika dema chaizvo. Mukavaisa kuwana "archeologists dema", iro munzvimbo kubwinya rechiuto kuti pikidura uye kazhinji vanoona uye kudzorera WWII zvombo.

mauser 98k

Tingatii pamusoro carbine ichi? Rakajairika pfuti muGermany - pfuti "Mauser" hurongwa. Her sighting siyana vachipfura kusvika 2000 m. Sezvaunogona kuona, pfungwa iyi zvikuru zvakafanana Mosin pfuti uye SVT. carbine uyu mune 1888. Munguva yehondo, mamiriro ichi kwave yekudyidzana upgraded, kureva mutengo rutapudzo, uyewo rationalization okuwana. Mukuwedzera, vaduku maoko Wehrmacht akanga vakapakata telescopic zvinotyisa uye mapfuranhunzi zviyero apera navo. Pfuti "Mauser" mamiriro panguva yakanga mubasa nemauto akawanda, akadai Belgium, Spain, Turkey, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Yugoslavia neSweden.

Self-vachizvitakudza chivhorovhoro

Pakapera 1941 ari inifanduri vezvikwata zviri Wehrmacht kuti miedzo mauto akagamuchira yokutanga otomatiki kuzvidzora vachizvitakudza pfuti mugadziriro Walter G-41 uye G-41 Mauser. pakuonekwa akanga nokuti kuti Red Army akamira vanopfuura hafu yemiriyoni idzi hurongwa: SVT-38 SVT-40 uye ABC-36. Kuti arege kubvumira varwi Soviet, gunsmiths German kukurumidza aifanira kuva neshanduro nepfuti izvi yavo. Somugumisiro miedzo yakanga vakaziva nani uye akakwidzwa nenzira G-41 maitiro (Walter maitiro). The pfuti iri vakapakata nenyundo mhando rova mashandiro. Yakagadzirwa kuti moto kwepfuti chete chete. Its zvombo inokwana vaitenderera gumi. Izvi zvaitika pfuti unozvipa rokukwidza rakagadzirirwa zvainanga moto pa chinhambwe 1,200 m. Zvisinei, nokuda guru kurema chombo, uyewo pasi akavimbika uye aikanganiswa utachiona, zvakanzi yakabudiswa dzino duku. Muna 1943, vagadziri kukurira zvikanganiso izvi, wakavigira upgraded shanduro G-43 (Walter maitiro), rakabudiswa muna uwandu zana anoverengeka zviuru dzakabatana. Asati kwaari chitarisiko varwi Wehrmacht vaifarira kushandisa wokushamisira pfuti SVT-40 Soviet (!) Production.

Zvino shure gunsmith yokuGermany Hugo Schmeisser. Vakanzi dzakabudirira hurongwa maviri, pasina mutengo mukuru Second World War.

Nepfuti - MP-41

muenzaniso uyu yambokurukurwa pavanoparidza MP-40. muchina uyu yakanga yakasiyana chaizvo yaizivikanwa dzose mafirimu "Schmeisser": iri honokono akanga kupetura muti, iyo inodzivirira murwi kubva kutsva, aiva zvikuru uye kwenguva refu-barreled. Zvisinei, vaduku maoko Wehrmacht kwete zvikuru uye zviripo nokuda refu. Total yakabereka zvuru 26 dzakabatana. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mauto eGermany vakaramba muchina uyu maererano kudare zvakasimba Erma, ndokurondedzera zvisiri pamutemo nokukopa ayo patented zvakagadzirwa. Nepfuti MR-41 kushandisa chikamu Waffen SS. Uyewo zvinobudirira akashandisa Gestapo dzakabatana uye rangers gomo.

MR-43 kana StG-44

chombo Next Wehrmacht (mufananidzo pazasi) Schmeisser yakatanga muna 1943. Chokutanga, zita MP-43, uye zvadaro - StG-44, izvo zvinoreva "dzepabonde pfuti» (sturmgewehr). Izvi pfuti otomatiki chimiro, uye mune dzimwe nokurondedzerwa, afanane munhu Kalashnikov (yakauya mushure), uye ndiyo yakasiyana LL-40. Range maitiro kunangidzirwa moto akanga kusvika 800 m. Pana StG-44 kunyange envisaged mukana kugadzira 30 mm girinedhi launcher. Nokuti vachiridzira kubva pabutiro chinokosha kamwene yakanga yakataurwa mugadziri, vakaisa pamusoro tomu chikamu vakashandura trajectory ane bara pa 32 inegumi. The Kugadzirwa kwezvombo izvi chete yarova mu kuwa 1944. Munguva yehondo, zvakanga akasunungurwa vanenge 450 zviuru nepfuti izvi. masoja saka shoma German vaigona kushandisa pfuti yakadaro. StG-44 akapa vapfumi zviumbu of Wehrmacht uye Waffen SS dzakabatana. Zvadaro, zvombo Wehrmacht raishandiswa Armed Forces of GDR.

Fg-42 otomatiki chivhorovhoro

Makopi aya dzaizopiwa kuenda neherikoputa mauto. Ivo zvikabatanidzwa ari kurwisa unhu pfuti uye otomatiki pfuti. Development zvombo vakasimudza rakasimba "Rheinmetall" iri kosi hondo, kana, mushure kunyatsoongorora migumisiro kuenda neherikoputa remapazi rinoitwa Wehrmacht, kwakaonekwa kuti Sub-zvigwagwagwa MP-38 haanyatsonzwisisi zvinodiwa kuti kurwa revarwi mhando iyi. Miedzo zviri nepfuti okutanga dzakaitwa muna 1942, uye panguva imwecheteyo rakachengetedzwa vakagamuchirwa. Kushandiswa, akati maoko uye akazivisa zvikanganiso chokuita simba yakaderera uye kutsiga panguva otomatiki vachiridzira. Muna 1944 akasunungura ane upgraded pfuti fg-42 (Model 2), uye muenzaniso 1 riri kunze kurima. Chikungiso mashandiro ari chombo achibvumira otomatiki kana kuroorwa moto. The pfuti rakagadzirirwa mureza katuriji Mauser 7,92 mm. Kukwanisa Magazine ndiyo 10 kana 20 vaitenderera. Mukuwedzera, pfuti rinogona kushandiswa kupfura rinokosha kwepfuti magirinedhi. Kuti kuvandudza kugadzikana kana vaipfura pasi Upfu wanamatira bipod. Fg-42 pfuti rakagadzirirwa vachiridzira ari chinhambwe 1200 M Nokuda kudhura kwave yakabudiswa muna shoma kwazvo :. A dzinokwana 12 zviuru vamapoka vose yokutevedzera.

Luger P08 uye Walter P38

Zvino funga kuti mhando kwepfuti vaiva mubasa nehondo German. "Luger", zita rake rechipiri "Parabellum", aiva 7,65 mm caliber. Pakazosvika mavambo hondo paiva vanodarika hafu yemiriyoni kuti pfuti idzi dziri muuto reGermany. The duku maoko Wehrmacht zvakabudiswa kusvikira 1942, uye ipapo vakaritsiva aine "Walter" mamwe hwakavimbika.

pfuti iyi chakagamuchirwa basa muna 1940. Aida pamoto 9 mm zvombo, magazini vanokwanisa 8 vaitenderera. Sighting siyana kubva "Walter" - 50 mamita. Rakanga yakabereka kusvikira 1945. Uwandu akabudisa pfuti P38 akanga vanenge mamiriyoni 1 dzakabatana.

Zvombo Hondo Yenyika II: MG-34, MG-42 uye MG-45

Mukutanga 30-ies Germany muchiuto kwakasarudzwa kuti akamisa pfuti, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa sechidhakwa muchina, uye sezvo bhuku. Ravaifanira moto panguva nendege muvengi uye kushongedza matangi. Saka yakanga pfuti MG-34, yakagadzirirwa ne rakasimba "Rheinmetall" uye mubasa muna 1934. Pakazosvika mavambo remapazi zvechiuto muna Wehrmacht, paiva vanenge 80 zviuru zvombo izvi. The pfuti rinogona moto imwe chete bara uye chinopfuurira. Kuti aite izvi, akaita chikungiso pamwe mukudzokera maviri. Kana iwe tinya pamusoro kwepfuti vakanga vaitiridzira pfuti kuroorwa, uye kana imi tinya rezasi - pamwe nekurutsa. Nokuti zvaireva Mauser pfuti cartridges 7,92x57 neMM, nechiedza kana inorema nemabara. Uye 40s vave kwakatanga uye akashandisa dzokurwa kuboora, dzokurwa rinobaya tracer, dzokurwa rinobaya incendiary uye mamwe marudzi zvombo. Kubva ichi mhedziso kuti riwedzere nokuda kuchinja zvombo hurongwa uye nzira vanoshandisa aiva World War Second.

Small maoko, iro raishandiswa kambani, uye kukasawedzerwa pamwe muenzaniso mutsva pfuti - MG-42. Pokuikurukura uye aendeswe basa muna 1942. Designers gadzirisa kwazvo uye vanoderedza kukosha kugadzirwa kwezvombo. Saka, kana ayo kugadzirwa zvinowanzodavirwa kushandiswa gwapa nomoto uye tsika uye uwandu zvikamu wacho wakaderedzwa kusvika 200. The chikungiso pfuti unokubvumira kuchengeta pasi review, chete kwangoitwa moto - 1200-1300 vaitenderera paminiti. Kuchinja kwakadaro kuchikosha akanga inokanganisa kutsiga chikwata kana kupfura. Naizvozvo, kuti tive nechokwadi rakarurama yakarumbidza vachiridzira pfupi watsemuka. Zvombo kuti idzva pfuti zvakafanana nokuti MG-34. Range kunangidzirwa moto waiva makiromita maviri. Basa iri kuvandudzika zvakagadzirwa ichi vakaramba kusvikira pakupera 1943, izvo zvakazoita kuti paumbwe imwe nadzurudzo idzva, rinozivikanwa MG-45.

pfuti iyi vakayera makirogiramu 6,5 chete, uye mwero 2,400 vaitenderera paminiti. Sezvineiwo, yakafanana mwero moto vasingagoni vanozvirova munhu inifanduri pfuti panguva. Zvisinei, nadzurudzo iyi akauya kunonoka uye Wehrmacht haana vakapakata.

Anti-tangi pfuti: PzB-39 uye Panzerschrek

PzB-39 yakatanga muna 1938. Zviri chombo pakati Second World War, pamwe hama kubudirira rakaiswa pakutanga kurwa tankettes, matangi motokari warrior vane bara nadzo. Against doro warrior Matangi (the French B-1, Britain "Theresa" uye "Churchill", Soviet T-34 uye KV), pfuti ichi chaigadzirwa basa, kana kunyange maturo. Somugumisiro, nokukurumidza rwakatsiviwa antitank girinedhi launchers uye chitundumuseremusere-propelled pfuti "panzerschreck", "Ofenror" uye akakurumbira "Panzerfaust". In PzB-39 7.92 caliber katuriji aishandisa mm. Vachiridzira-siyana 100 metres, kukwanisa kubvumira punctured "kuvheneka" 35 mm dzokurwa.

"Panzerschreck". Izvi German chiedza Anti-tangi chombo dzakachinjwa kopi "Bazooka" American ndege pfuti. vagadziri German zvakapa kurova-rova zvayo, izvo ravane museve inopisa magasi kupukunyuka kamwene magirinedhi. zvombo izvi sezvinoita chokutanga yawapihwa antitank kambani motorized pfuti regiments kuti tangi mapoka. Jet pfuti vaiva chaizvo simba chokushandisa. "Panzerschreck" chombo kuti boka kushandiswa uye vaishumira kukarukureta, iine vanhu vatatu. Nekuti vakanga chaizvo kunzwisisa, avo kushandiswa kunodiwa dzidzo chaiyo Masvomhu. In yose muna 1943-1944 zvakanzi wakabudiswa 314.000 zviumbu kwepfuti uye chitundumuseremusere-propelled magirinedhi anopfuura mamiriyoni maviri kwavari.

Rocket-propelled magirinedhi, "bazookas" uye "Panzerfaust"

Makore rokutanga Second World War akaratidza kuti antitank pfuti havagoni kukurira mabasa, saka muchiuto German aida antitank zvombo, izvo unogona pa inifanduri, kuita panheyo "moto -. Akakanda" Development ane Chinyorwa girinedhi kuraswa pakutanga zvakasimba HASAG muna 1942 (mukuru wakachenjera Langvayler). Zvino muna 1943 atanga kurima. The 500 "Panzerfaust" wokutanga akapinda muchiuto muna August wegore iroro. mhando dzose antitank girinedhi vakanga zvakafanana design: ivo yaiva Upfu (smoothbore wakavhomorwa nenyere) uye nadkalibernoy magirinedhi. Kuchivanze pose dhiramu welded nyundo mashandiro uye aiming mudziyo.

"Panzerfaust" ndechimwe simba kupfuura shanduro "bazookas", iyo yakatanga panopera hondo. Vachiridzira siyana zvakanga 150 M uye zvombo - 280-320 mm. "Panzerfaust" kwaiva kushandisa chombo inodzokororwa. Upfu inopiwa ane girinedhi chivhorovhoro kubata, riri mu chikungiso mashandiro, kuti propellant mutariri muNzvimbo hunde. Uyezve, vagadziri vaigona kuwedzera kumhanya kutiza magirinedhi. Anopfuura mamiriyoni masere girinedhi versioner zvose zvakabudiswa munguva yehondo. Izvi mhando chombo zvakakonzera zvinokosha nezvinhu kuti matangi Soviet. Saka, muna hondo iri kumucheto Berlin inenge 30 muzana ari warrior motokari zvakaparadzwa, uye panguva mumugwagwa kurwisa iri guru Germany - 70%.

mhedziso

The Second World War aiva chinokosha kwakabatsira diki, kusanganisira otomatiki zvombo zvenyika, ayo kukura uye kushandisa mazano. Pachishandiswa zvabuda zvinogona vakagumisa kuti, pasinei pakusikwa kwazvo ano zvombo, basa inifanduri zviumbu haina ipfupi. The vaunganidza ruzivo kushandisa zvombo mumakore iwayo ndiwo chaiwo uye nhasi. Kutaura zvazviri, yakava hwaro kukura uye uvandudze zvidiki.